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1.
self-(in)compatibility almond genotypes: A review 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To compile self-(in)compatibility almond genotypes, a review of 133 commercial cultivars of wide geographical origin was made. The information gathered from own and mainly published work will be useful for both grower's cultivar choice when planting and for breeder's cross design when planning. The almond S genotypes compiled were identified using five different methods: biological (pollination tests in the field and in the laboratory) and molecular (RNases, PCR and sequencing). In most cases, genotypes were assigned after combining more than one technique. Cultivars were classified into three categories: self-incompatible (99), self-compatible (16) and doubtful self-incompatible (18). The database is divided in 9 fields (name, origin, parentage, obtention year (crossing, selection or release), S genotype, technique used, reference, consensus genotype, and cross incompatibility group). A study of the 27 S alleles already identified and their geographical distribution within the cultivated almond is also presented. The study was divided into cultivars of known and unknown parentage and the distribution of S alleles frequencies was uneven among the 133 cultivars. S allele frequencies are related to geographical origin. Some alleles (S
1, S
5, S
7 and S
8) are more frequently observed than the others among cultivars of both known and unknown parentage. In the cultivated almond, the S
f allele is only found in the Puglia region, Italy. The S
f
frequency is three times higher in cultivars released from breeding programmes than in cultivars selected by growers. From the 351 resulting possible genotypes by combination of the 27 S alleles identified only 20 CIG (0-XIX) have been established, which represents a small fraction of the whole genetic diversity of this polymorphic gene in almond. 相似文献
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Mercè Llugany Roser Tolrà Sandra Raquel Martín Charlotte Poschenrieder Juan Barceló 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2013,176(6):851-858
Glutathione (GSH) and phenolics play an important role in plant defense against metal‐ion toxicity. The antioxidant activity and metal‐binding capacity of these compounds can account for the protective effects. In contrast to animal‐cell models, however, the possible interplay among these substances in stress defense of plants is poorly investigated. This study compares the influence of cadmium (Cd) on the profiles of both soluble phenolics and GSH in shoots of different Thlaspi and Noccaea species: two ecotypes of the nonhyperaccumulator T. arvense differing in Cd resistance (ecotype Aigues Vives, Cd‐sensitive, and ecotype Jena, Cd‐resistant) and two Cd‐tolerant Cd‐Zn hyperaccumulators N. praecox and N. caerulescens (formerly Thlaspi praecox and T. caerulescens). To reveal the possible influence of Cd‐induced sulfur (S) shortage on the stress response, plants receiving normal S concentrations (500 μM MgSO4) and plants treated with surplus S (500 μM MgSO4 + 500 μM K2SO4) were analyzed. Our working hypothesis was that species differences in tolerance to high tissue Cd concentrations should be reflected by differences in endogenous levels of GSH and phenolic compounds. The results reveal clear species‐dependent differences in both the constitutive patterns and the Cd‐ and S‐induced changes in shoot concentrations of GSH and phenolics. However, no simple relationship between these shoot concentrations and Cd accumulation and tolerance can be established. 相似文献
4.
A water deficit during stage III of fruit growth was established with the aim of determining if it is possible to achieve an improvement in tree water status by summer pruning and fruit thinning. The experiment was set up as a randomized block split-plot design across trials (irrigation) where pruning was assigned to the main plot and fruit thinning to the sub-plots. The irrigation treatments were (1) standard full irrigation (FI), and (2) suppression of irrigation during stage III of fruit growth until leaves visibly withered (LWI); the pruning treatments were (1) experimental summer pruning (EP), and (2) standard summer pruning (CP); and three fruit thinning intensities were applied to facilitate analysis of the effects of the treatments in relation to fruit load. Changes in amount of light intercepted and in tree stem water potential (Psi stem) were evaluated. The EP treatment reduced the amount of light intercepted by the tree. In the FI treatment, there was a significant reduction in fruit growth measured as both water accumulation and dry mass accumulation. Under FI conditions, reductions in fruit load as a result of EP were not accompanied by a significant improvement in Psi stem. In the LWI treatment, EP produced a significant improvement of 0.17 MPa in Psi stem, but there was no improvement in fruit growth compared with CP trees. A reduction in fruit load from 350 (commercial load) to 150 per tree significantly improved Psi stem by 0.3 MPa at the end of stage III of fruit growth. These results indicate that improvements in water status in response to pruning may be insufficient to promote fruit growth if the pruned trees are unable to provide an adequate supply of assimilates to the developing fruits. 相似文献
5.
Vichi S Riu-Aumatell M Mora-Pons M Buxaderas S López-Tamames E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(26):10154-10160
A HS-SPME method coupled to GC-MS was developed and applied for the qualitative and semiquantitative characterization of distilled gin volatile fraction. Sampling, chromatographic conditions, and method performances were evaluated, and the developed method was applied as a comparative study of some of the most popular commercial London Dry Gins and other gins with geographic denominations. During this study, 70 components of the gins' volatile fraction were isolated, tentatively identified or identified by reference compounds. They were mainly represented by mono- and sesquiterpenic compounds, which were quantitatively determined. The comparative study of London Dry Gins and gins with geographical indication permitted clear differentiation between the gins with geographical indication and one of the London Dry Gins tested. 相似文献
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Saco Y Fraile L Giménez M Alegre A López-Jimenez R Cortey M Segalés J Bassols A 《Research in veterinary science》2011,91(1):52-67
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the existence of lung lesions in pigs at slaughter and the concentration of the serum acute phase proteins (APP), haptoglobin (Hp), pig-major acute protein (Pig-MAP) and C-reactive protein (CRP). A total of 24 pig farms were selected out of a larger farm database previously screened to study risk factors associated with pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation (CVPC) lesions at slaughter-aged pigs in Spain. The farms were classified as “pleuritis negative (P−) or positive (P+)” and as “CVPC negative (M−) or positive (M+)” and divided into four groups according to a 2X2 factorial design (P−M−, P−M+, P+M−, P+M+). Also at slaughter, blood from 20 randomly selected pigs from each farm was collected. Obtained serum samples were used to measure acute phase proteins. All APP concentrations were significantly higher for M+ farms than for M− ones. However, only Hp and Pig-MAP showed significantly higher concentrations for P+ farms than for P− ones. Pig-MAP was the most sensitive biomarker since it was able to clearly discriminate between P−/P+ and M−/M+ groups (p < 0.001 in both cases). Hp was an excellent marker for pleuritis and good for CVPC lesions. CRP was able to discriminate for CVPC lesions but not for pleuritis. The present results indicate that Pig-MAP and, possibly Hp, may be used as potential markers to characterise and discriminate respiratory lesions in swine herds at slaughter. 相似文献
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Tatiane Teles Albernaz Rômulo Cerqueira Leite Jenner Karlison Pimenta Reis Ana Paula de Sousa Rodrigues Telissa da Cunha Kassar Claudia Fideles Resende Cairo Henrique Sousa de Oliveira Rafaela das Mercês Silva Felipe Masiero Salvarani José Diomedes Barbosa 《Tropical animal health and production》2015,47(8):1625-1628
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Endophytic fungi associated with Mediterranean plants as a source of mycelium-bound lipases 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Torres M Dolcet MM Sala N Canela R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(11):3328-3333
A screening of endophytic fungi isolated from Mediterranean plants rendered a mycelium-bound lipase from a strain of Rhizopus oryzae that catalyzed the esterification of fatty acids in isooctane. The influence of various factors (water content, temperature, and pH) on ester synthesis was investigated. Catalytic activity was inversely correlated with water content. This enzyme was active over the entire pH range studied, from pH 3 to pH 8, and activity was maximal at pH 4 and pH 7. The enzyme was thermostable, with maximal activity at 60 degrees C. 相似文献
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Mercè Guàrdia Robert Savé Raquel Díaz Antoni Vilanova Neus Aletà 《Annals of Forest Science》2013,70(8):791-800