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Toxicity of dichlorvos, permethrin, and carbaryl to the flesh fly,Parasarcophaga argyrostoma R.-D. was determined at 3 post-treatment temperatures, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C. Toxicity of dichlorvos and carbaryl to both males and females was significantly greater (P<0.05) at 35°C than at 15°C. However, differences in LD50 values between males and females were not significant (P<0.05). Dichlorvos and carbaryl were respectively 3.75 of 2.03 times more toxic to males and 3.14 and 1.91 times more toxic to females at 35°C than at 15°C. Permethrin was significantly (P<.05) more toxic to both males and females at 15°C than at 35°C. Permethrin was respectively 2.50 of 2.18 more toxic at 15°C than at 35°C to males and femalesP. argyrostoma. 相似文献
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Tian L Wang H Abdallah AM Prinyawiwatkul W Xu Z 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(12):6453-6458
The capabilities of two red (RW) and two white wines (WW) in inhibiting cholesterol oxidation were evaluated using a cholesterol emulsion (CE) system. Each RW or WW was mixed with CE at different (v/v) ratios. Cholesterol oxidation was accelerated by a free radical generator, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH), at 37 °C. The major oxidation product, 7-ketocholesterol, was monitored to determine cholesterol stability in the CE system. At a ratio of 1:250 (RW/CE), 7-ketocholesterol production was not detected during 72 h of oxidation. At a 1:1000 ratio, the inhibition rate of each RW was maintained at 100% at 24 h but decreased afterward. Both WWs had 100% inhibition rate within 48 h at a ratio of 1:10. Also, the capabilities of catechin and resveratrol solutions (1 mg/mL) in inhibiting cholesterol oxidation were studied. Each of the wine polyphenolics showed a 100% of 7-ketocholesterol inhibition rate in 24 h at a ratio of 1:500 (solution/CE). However, the inhibition rate of resveratrol was lower than that of catechin at 48 or 72 h. The results demonstrated that red wine possesses great anti-cholesterol-oxidation capability, which may contribute to health benefits in preventing cardiovascular diseases. Catechin may play a more important role than resveratrol in inhibiting cholesterol oxidation. 相似文献
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Wind erosion force vectors were computed from data of frequencyof occurrence of windspeed and direction based on the assumptionthat wind erosion is proportional to (windspeed)3× duration of exposure.The vertical distribution of eroded soil material wasmathematically described. The transition height betweensaltation and suspension could be identified and used tointegrate the two equations describing saltation and suspension.The soil avalanching process was studied by evaluating the horizontal changes of eroded soil material. The vertical andhorizontal distribution of eroded soil constituents, i.e.,particle size distribution, mean weight diameters, plantnutrients and heavy minerals content for selected wind stormswere also evaluated. Results revealed that soil constituents change considerably with the height and downwind distance.To assess the changes in soil properties due to wind erosion,surface soil samples were taken from the original eroded surfaceand from freshly accumulated drifts near the eroded field.Enrichment ratios were more than one for the fine fraction, organic matter, moisture retention, and chemical constituentsindicating a loss in their contents in the eroded field. 相似文献
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A series of investigations have been carried out on the effect of the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana on the various developmental stages ofPhthorimaea operculella. Both first and second insatar larvae were more susceptible than the third or fourth instars. The infected prepupae and pupae resulted in marked decrease in the emergence, longevity of moths, deposited eggs and their egg hatchability. An obvious increase in the pupal duration was observed and the resulting malformed adults were also recorded. The latent effects were markedly obvious, specially in high doses ofBeauveria bassiana. 相似文献
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