Influencing in vitro clonal propagation of Chonemorpha fragrans(moon) Alston by culture media strength,plant growth regulators,carbon source and photo periodic incubation     

Tasiu Isah  Shahid Umar 《林业研究》2020,31(1):27-43

Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion U.S.dollars in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied types.Effects of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of C.fragrans from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter strength.Results of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal production.Studies on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro shoots.Experimental results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots.  相似文献   

Influence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nigella sativa</Emphasis> seeds, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rosmarinus officinalis</Emphasis> leaves and their combination on growth performance,immune response and rumen metabolism in Dorper lambs     

Kifah Jumaah Odhaib  Kazeem Dauda Adeyemi  Muideen Adewale Ahmed  Muhammad Faseleh Jahromi  Shokri Jusoh  Anjas Asmara Samsudin  Abdul Razak Alimon  Halimatun Yaakub  Awis Qurni Sazili 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(5):1011-1023

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Nigella sativa L. seeds, Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves and their combination on rumen metabolism, nutrient intake and digestibility, growth performance, immune response and blood metabolites in Dorper lambs. Twenty-four entire male Dorper lambs (18.68?±?0.6 kg, 4–5 months old) were randomly assigned to a concentrate mixture containing on a dry matter basis either, no supplement (control, T1), 1% R. officinalis leaves (T2), 1% N. sativa seeds (T3) or 1% R. officinalis leaves +1% N. sativa seeds (T4). The lambs had ad libitum access to urea-treated rice straw (UTRS) and were raised for 90 days. Supplemented lambs had greater (P?< 0.05) intake of DM and UTRS than the control lambs. The T4 lambs had lower (P?< 0.05) nutrient digestibility than those fed other treatments. Total and daily weight gain was greater (P?< 0.05) in T2 lambs than those fed other diets. The T3 and T4 lambs had greater (P?< 0.05) ruminal pH than the T1 and T2 lambs. Supplemented lambs had lower (P?<?0.05) ruminal total volatile fatty acids, acetate, propionate, NH₃-N and C18:0 than the control lambs. The T4 lambs had lower (P?< 0.05) population of Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, methanogens and total protozoa compared with those fed other diets. Supplemented lambs had lower (P?< 0.05) neutrophils, basophils and serum urea and greater (P?<?0.05) serum IgA and IgG compared with the control lambs. The current results emphasised the variation in the efficacy of medicinal plants in ruminant nutrition.  相似文献   

Soil available potassium affected by rice straw incorporation and potassium fertilizer application under a rice–oilseed rape rotation system     

Dandan Zhu  Jianglin Zhang  Zheng Wang  Rizwan Khan Muhammad  Jianwei Lu  Xiaokun Li 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(3):503-510

Data from 147 field trials were collected to study the influence of straw incorporation on soil potassium (K) under an intensive rice–oilseed rape rotation system, while pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of rice straw incorporation on soil K availability. A significant correlation was observed between the soil available K and the relative yield (RRY) and the relative K uptake (RKU) of oilseed rape, with R² values ranging from 0.07 to 0.08 and from 0.10 to 0.11, respectively, when data were fitted to a logarithmic equation model. In approximately 30% of trials, RRY reached 90%, while soil test available K values were below the critical limit, indicating that soil K values at the time of sampling (within 1 week of rice harvest) underestimated the actual soil K supply capacity. The pot experiment results showed that soil available K was affected by straw incorporation and soil type in the fallow period. The NH₄OAc‐K and NaBPh₄‐K concentrations of soils increased at first, and then, plateaued after 28 days. Straw incorporation significantly influenced the critical soil K concentration, which is important for making accurate K fertilizer recommendation. These results suggested that straw K should be seriously considered in making K fertilizer recommendations. Extending the sampling time from 1 to 3 weeks after the harvesting of rice to stabilize the effects of straw incorporation may help achieve a more accurate evaluation of soil available K.  相似文献   

Evaluation the effect of subchronic feeding of transgenic cotton line (CKC1) on the faecal microbiota of albino rabbits     

Ibrahim Bala Salisu  Ahmad Ali Shahid  Amina Yaqoob  Ambreen Gul  Abdul Qayyum Rao 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(2):354-363

Recent studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between the intestinal microbiota and the host health. As such, consumers are increasingly becoming more concerned about the potential effect of certain foods/feeds, particularly of transgenic origin on the gut microbiota. Although the European Food Safety Authority has recommended in their guidelines, to study the effect of transgenic food/feed on host-microbiota, yet, few studies have focused on the evaluation of such effects mainly due to culturing difficulties. Therefore, this study was intended to evaluate the potential adverse effects of transgenic diet consumption on some specific gut microflora (Lactobacillus group, Bifidobacterium genus, Escherichia coli subgroup and Enterococcus genus) of rabbits. A total of forty-eight rabbits were randomly assigned into four groups and fed a diet containing a variable proportion of transgenic cottonseeds at 0, 20, 30 and 40% inclusion level, respectively. Changes in the specific or total faecal bacterial population were monitored at five different experimental stages (i.e. 0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 days) using both the traditional plate count method (TM) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). No significant differences (p > .05) were observed concerning numbers of specific bacteria or total bacteria between the control and experimental groups, though qPCR showed numerically higher values in terms of 16S rRNA gene copies as compared to the values obtained from TM. However, such numerical differences were biologically insignificant (p > .05). Similarly, no significant variations were noticed in the calculated B/E (log₁₀ copies of Bifidobacterium per g faces/log10 copies of E. coli genome per g faeces) ratios in all the groups. All the ratios were in the range of 1.24 to 1.30 throughout the experiment, indicating a good balance of intestinal microflora and greater resistance to intestinal disorders. It is therefore concluded that feeding transgenic cottonseeds could not adversely affect the gut microflora of rabbits during a long-term study.  相似文献   

REVIEW: Properties of Cereal Brans: A Review     

Chiemela Enyinnaya Chinma  Yogeshini Ramakrishnan  Muna Ilowefah  Mat Hanis‐Syazwani  Kharidah Muhammad 《Cereal Chemistry》2015,92(1):1-7

Cereal brans are functional ingredients with high nutritive value and enormous health properties. Cereal brans have not been fully utilized in food systems despite their health benefits. This review presents an overview on the physical, chemical, microbiological, functional, and sensory properties of cereal brans for possible comparisons and selection to enhance the utilization of this underutilized milling fraction.  相似文献   

The use of FAMACHA in estimation of gastrointestinal nematodes and total worm burden in Damara and Barbados Blackbelly cross sheep     

Konto Mohammed  Yusuf Abba  Nur Syairah Binti Ramli  Murugaiyah Marimuthu  Mohammed Ariff Omar  Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah  Muhammad Abubakar Sadiq  Abdulnasir Tijjani  Eric Lim Teik Chung  Mohammed Azmi Mohammed Lila 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(5):1013-1020

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Application and mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles in the control of bacterial and fungal crop diseases     

Yuanbo Li  Peng Zhang  Mingshu Li  Noman Shakoor  Muhammad Adeel  Pingfan Zhou  Manlin Guo  Yaqi Jiang  Weichen Zhao  BenZhen Lou  Yukui Rui 《Pest management science》2023,79(1):21-36

Nanotechnology is a young branch of the discipline generated by nanomaterials. Its development has greatly contributed to technological progress and product innovation in the field of agriculture. The antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to develop nanopesticides for plant protection. Plant diseases caused by bacterial and fungal infestations are the main types of crop diseases. Once infected, they will seriously threaten crop growth, reduce yield and quality, and affect food safety, posing a health risk to humans. We reviewed the application of metal-based nanoparticles in inhibiting plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi, and discuss the antibacterial mechanisms of metal-based nanoparticles from two aspects: the direct interaction between nanoparticles and pathogens, and the indirect effects of inducing plant resilience to disease. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

Bacillus thuringiensis CHGP12 uses a multifaceted approach for the suppression of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris and to enhance the biomass of chickpea plants     

Rida Fatima  Tahir Mahmood  Anam Moosa  Muhammad Naveed Aslam  Muhammad Taimoor Shakeel  Ambreen Maqsood  Muhammad Umar Shafiq  Tanvir Ahmad  Mahmoud Moustafa  Mohammad Al-Shehri 《Pest management science》2023,79(1):336-348

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Towards developing resistance to chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing using multiplexed gRNAs     

Malik  Muniba Abid Munir  Haider  Muhammad Saleem  Zhai  Ying  Khan  Muhammad Azmat Ullah  Pappu  Hanu R. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):23-33

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Mastreviruses are an emerging group of viruses transmitted by leafhoppers and infect both monocot and dicot plants. Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus...  相似文献   

Hydraulic model investigation of downstream erosion of large regulators: a case study     

Muhammad F. Bari 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1993,7(2):131-150

Flow conditions, which could not be explained, occurred in the stilling basin and outfall channel of the Feni Regulator sited at the western end of the Feni River closure dam. This regulator controls outflows from the upstream reservoir which supplies irrigation water to Muhuri Project in Bangladesh. Analysis of flood discharge data revealed that the design discharge for the structure was not exceeded; yet abnormal scour occurred in the outfall channel and the brick block rip-rap placed thereon was damaged. A model study was conducted to understand the causes of such unusual local erosion downstream of the stilling basin and to provide answers to two main questions:

-Is potential scour serious in terms of the stability of the structure?

-What protection measures could be taken to stabilize the scour at a safe level?

Using a 1:30 scale model, the probable maximum scour was simulated, and the performance of alternative rip-rap designs including that of the existing one were examined. The results of this study supplemented by field scour data collected during subsequent flood seasons indicated that even if the flow rate through the regulator approaches the design flood discharge, the downstream scour is not likely to extend up to an elevation of ? 10.7 m, a scour level observed in the previous year at a lower discharge. It also showed that the existing rip-rap blocks were marginally undersized and consequently the rip-rap was prone to failure if flow conditions departed from uniform. A suitable method of scour protection downstream of the stilling basin at the regulator exit also evolved from the study.  相似文献