In situ hybridization analysis of ovarian prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase mRNA throughout the periovulatory period of the ewe.     

W J Murdoch  R G Slaughter  T H Ji 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1991,8(3):455-457

Cellular alterations in level of expression of mRNA encoding for prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase were quantified within ovarian tissues of sheep obtained before, during and after induction of the preovulatory surge of LH and ovulation with LHRH. This was accomplished by isotopic in situ hybridization using a selective cRNA probe to ovine prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase mRNA. A significant elevation in mRNA was detected within the theca interna of the preovulatory follicle at 8, 16 and 24 hr following administration of LHRH. Very close to the time of ovulation (ie., at 24 hr post-LHRH) a marked rise in mRNA was observed in association with epithelial cells covering the apical surface of the follicle. Ovarian cyclooxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid produced during the ovulatory process in the ewe originate within the thecal layer and germinal epithelium of the follicle destined to ovulate.  相似文献   

Pyogranuloma caused by Mycobacterium asiaticum infection in a steer.     

Jane Oakey  Judy Forbes-Faulkner  Christopher Gilpin  Bronwyn Murdoch  Steven Johnson 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2005,17(4):378-382

In 2003, a steer carcass was condemned at a Central Queensland abattoir because of metastatic tumors. In addition, a granulomatous lesion was found in the mediastinal lymph node. Histological examination showed this to be a pyogranuloma, typically associated with Rhodococcus or the Nocardia/Streptomyces group. However, in this case, the only etiological agent was an acid-fast bacillus, which would normally be associated with a more fibrous lesion. A number of nucleic acid-based techniques were used, and the isolate was identified as Mycobacterium asiaticum. This organism is a rarely encountered opportunistic pathogen of humans, associated with subtropical climates. This is the first report of this organism causing infection in cattle. The similarities between this case and cases of human disease are discussed.  相似文献   

Aphids and the Increase of Potato Leaf Roll Virus in Seed Potatoes on the Wolds of the East Riding of Yorkshire   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

J. H. Fidler    J. R. A. Neild  G. Murdoch 《Plant pathology》1967,16(3):97-103

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Gonadal function, sexual behavior, feedlot performance, and carcass traits of ram lambs actively immunized against GnRH   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kiyma Z  Adams TE  Hess BW  Riley ML  Murdoch WJ  Moss GE 《Journal of animal science》2000,78(9):2237-2243

The effect of active immunization against GnRH on production, carcass, and behavioral traits was examined in ram lambs fed to a uniform slaughter weight. Lambs (initial BW = 32.6+/-1 kg) were stratified by BW and assigned at random to one of four treatment groups (n = 12 lambs/group). Lambs were untreated, castrated, or actively immunized against GnRH using a GnRH-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate (1 mg) emulsified with either Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) or another oil-based adjuvant (ISA). Animals were housed individually and slaughtered at 58 kg BW. Immunoneutralization of GnRH reduced (P < .05) testes weight and the concentration of testosterone in serum at slaughter. Suppression of testicular size and function was most clearly evident in animals immunized using FCA. Final anti-GnRH titer was also highest in lambs immunized using FCA. Several measures of sexual behavior (frequency of mounts and ejaculations) were also reduced (P < .05) in animals immunized using FCA. The duration of the feeding period was greater (P < .05) for castrated lambs than for untreated lambs, and intermediate feeding periods were required for FCA and ISA lambs. Average daily gain was greater (P < .05) in untreated than in castrated, FCA, or ISA lambs. Similarly, feed efficiency for untreated lambs was greater (P < .05) than for castrated, FCA, or ISA lambs, but feed efficiency did not differ among castrated, FCA, or ISA lambs. Longissimus muscle area, lean and bone maturity, overall quality, muscling score, flank streaking, and color of fat did not differ among treatments. Intact, FCA, and ISA lambs had more (P < .05) desirable yield grades, less (P < .05) backfat, and less (P < .05) marbling than castrated lambs. In summary, immunization against GnRH decreased testicular weight and reduced (P < .05) feedlot performance and sexual behavior to levels comparable to those of castrated males. Partitioning of nutrients for growth and deposition of fat, however, seems to differ among immunologically castrated and physically castrated lambs. This difference in nutrient partitioning may be due to residual testicular activity in immunized lambs.  相似文献   

Production and characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to cell wall components of the flax rust fungus     

Leanne J. Murdoch  Issei Kobayashi  Adrienne R. Hardham 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(4):331-346

Monoclonal antibodies have been raised against an haustorium-enriched sample prepared from flax leaves infected with the biotrophic flax rust pathogen Melampsora lini. The monoclonal antibodies were produced following conventional and co-immunisation procedures and the range of antibody specificities was compared. The preparation used as immunogen for the conventional protocol was a crude isolate of haustoria consisting of approx. 65% fungal haustoria, the other components being mainly mesophyll cells or cell wall and chloroplast fragments. Following hybridoma production, 40% of positive cell lines produced antibodies that reacted with haustoria and other fungal cells, but 60% bound to plant cells in the infected leaves. For the co-immunisation protocol, the preparation used for immunisation consisted of the crude isolate of haustoria mixed with serum raised against an haustorium-depleted leaf homogenate. In two fusions, 92-94% of the antibodies reacted with fungal cells, including 3 cell lines that localised specifically to the cell wall of haustoria. Only 6-8% of the antibodies produced via co-immunisation reacted with plant cells. The antigens targeted by the three haustorium-specific monoclonal antibodies are incorporated into the wall at early stages of haustorium development, remain in the wall throughout haustorium maturation, and are present in both compatible and incompatible interactions. The epitopes recognised by the monoclonal antibodies are oligosaccharide in nature and the antigens are highly resistant to extraction from the wall. These results highlight the value of the co-immunisation protocol for the production of monoclonal antibodies to specific components in an impure preparation and provide direct evidence for molecular differentiation within the wall of the haustorium of M. lini.  相似文献   

Follicular determinants of ovulation in the ewe     

W.J. Murdoch 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1985,2(3):105-121

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Nutrient Management for Eucalypt Plantations in South China     

KU Daping Bernie DELL. Research Institute of Tropical Forestry  CAF  Guangzhou  China . Murdoch University. Perth. Australia 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2002,(1)

Eucalypts are very popular for revegetation in many parts of south China because of their capacity to tolerate degraded sites and unfertile soils,and their fast growth potential to coppice. This paper reviews a decade of field trials in china, undertaken as part of several bilateral researchprograms in plantation forestry, concerning the use of fertilizers, harvest residue management and inoculation with ectomycorrhizal fungi. One of the key questions addressed is whether the productivity of plantation eucalypts in south China can be increased to the world average by nutrient management across a rotation.  相似文献   

Variation in infiltration with landscape position: Implications for forest productivity and surface water quality   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Thomas J. Sauer  Sally D. Logsdon  J. Van Brahana  John F. Murdoch 《Forest Ecology and Management》2005,220(1-3):118-127

Variation of infiltration rates with landscape position influences the amount, distribution, and routing of overland flow. Knowledge of runoff patterns gives land managers the opportunity to affect changes that optimize water use efficiency and reduce the risk of water quality impacts. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of landscape position and associated soil properties on infiltration in a small (147 ha) forest/pasture watershed in the Ozark Highlands. Three previously reported studies measured infiltration rates using double ring, sprinkling, single ring, and tension infiltrometers on soils at varying landscape positions. Although large variation in infiltration rates was observed among measurement techniques, upland and side slope soils (Nixa and Clarksville) had consistently lower infiltration rates compared to the soil in the valley bottom (Razort). A conceptual understanding of watershed runoff is developed from these data that includes infiltration excess runoff from the Nixa and Clarksville soils and saturation excess runoff on the Razort soil. Management of the soil water regime based on this understanding would focus on increasing infiltration in upland soils and maintaining the Razort soil areas in forest. Forest productivity would be enhanced by increasing plant-available water in upland soils and decreasing flooding on the Razort soil. Surface water quality would be improved by reducing the transport of potential water contaminants from animal manure applied to upland pastures.  相似文献   

THE EFFECT OF CUTTING HEIGHT AND NITROGEN LEVEL ON THE YIELD, IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ITALIAN RYEGRASS SWARDS     

R. C. Binnie    F. J. Harrington  J. C. Murdoch 《Grass and Forage Science》1974,29(1):57-62

Three cutting heights, 2±5, 7±6 and 12±7 cm (1, 2±5 and 5 in.) and three levels of fertilizer N, 168, 280 and 392 kg N/ha (150, 250 and 350 Ib N/ac) were imposed on a sward of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cv. Irish. Lowering the cutting height and increasing the level of applied N increased the yield of herhage DM. Increasing the level of applied N had a greater effect on the chemical composition of the herbage than altering the cutting height  相似文献   

Induction of ovulation in proestrous ewes: Identification of the ovulatory follicle and functional status of the corpus luteum     

A.J. Roberts  T.G. Dunn  W.J. Murdoch 《Domestic animal endocrinology》1985,2(4):207-210

Ewes were treated with a luteolytic agent on Day 14 of the estrous cycle. Their largest follicle was identified 30 hr later. Thirty-six hr post-treatment, ewes received an injection of an analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRHa). The peak in the induced surge of LH occurred 2 to 4 hr after injection of LHRHa. Ovulation occurred from the largest follicle approximately 24 hr following administration of LHRHa. During the subsequent luteal phase, serum concentrations of progesterone were normal. The treatment regimen described is well-suited for collection of follicles at precisely-timed periovulatory intervals. Perhaps information gained by using this model will be useful in ultimately understanding the follicular events associated with ovulation and function of the corpus luteum.  相似文献