Destratification in deep fish culture reservoirs in Israel: Practice and modelling     

Ana Milstein  Myron Zoran  Hans Juergen Krambeck 《Aquaculture International》2001,9(1):3-15

Thermal stratification negatively affects water quality, and thus is a threatto fish culture in deep water ponds and reservoirs. To prevent and controlit, a device based on an underwater propeller that vertically transportsoxygen rich warm water from the epilimnion down to the anoxic and colderhypolimnion was assembled. The empirical results so far obtained in Israelidual purpose reservoirs for field crop irrigation and fish culture aresummarized herein, and a mathematical model of the device's effect onreservoir thermal structure is presented.  相似文献   

Comparative Evaluation on Nitrogen Saturation of Forest Catchments in Japan and Northeastern United States     

Nobuhito Ohte  Myron J. Mitchell  Hideaki Shibata  Naoko Tokuchi  Hiroto Toda  Goro Iwatsubo 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):649-654

To analyze the differences in the status and processes of nitrogen saturation in Japan and northeastern United States, we examined the hydrobiogeochemistry of nitrogen of forested watersheds in these regions. Two distinct differences were found between watersheds in Japan compared with those in US. 1) In Japanese watersheds, marked decreases of NO₃ ^? concentration in surface waters during the summer growing season were not found and NO₃ ^? concentrations sometimes increased especially in the summer at nitrogen saturated sites. This contrast with watersheds in US where decreases in NO₃ ^? concentration during the summer are commonly observed except those watersheds in advanced stages of nitrogen saturation. These differences in NO₃ ^? concentration relationships can be attributed to climatic differences, with Japan having high precipitation and high discharge during the summer, while in many regions of North America lowest discharges are found in the summer. The climatic regime in Japan leads to high rates of mineralization and the rapid transport of NO₃ ^? to streams in summer. 2) Japanese watersheds, even those with high NO₃ ^? concentrations in surface waters, show little evidence of acidification. This is in contrast to sites in US where increased NO₃ ^? concentrations, especially during episodic events, result in surface water acidification.  相似文献   

Input-Output Budgets of Inorganic Nitrogen for 24 Forest Watersheds in the Northeastern United States: A Review     

Campbell  John L.  Hornbeck  James W.  Mitchell  Myron J.  Adams  Mary Beth  Castro  Mark S.  Driscoll  Charles T.  Kahl  Jeffrey S.  Kochenderfer  James N.  Likens  Gene E.  Lynch  James A.  Murdoch  Peter S.  Nelson  Sarah J.  Shanley  James B. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2004,151(1-4):373-396

Input-output budgets for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) are summarized for 24 small watersheds at 15 locations in the northeasternUnited States. The study watersheds are completely forested, free of recent physical disturbances, and span a geographical region bounded by West Virginia on the south and west, and Maine on the north and east. Total N budgets are not presented; however, fluxes of inorganic N in precipitation and streamwater dominate inputs and outputs of N at these watersheds. The range in inputs of DIN in wet-only precipitation from nearby National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) sites was 2.7 to 8.1 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 (mean = 6.4 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1; median = 7.0 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1). Outputs of DIN in streamwater ranged from 0.1 to 5.7 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 (mean = 2.0 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1; median = 1.7 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1). Precipitation inputs of DIN exceeded outputs in streamwater at all watersheds, with net retention of DIN ranging from 1.2 to 7.3 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 (mean = 4.4 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1; median = 4.6 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1). Outputs of DIN in streamwater were predominantly NO₃-N (mean = 89%; median = 94%). Wet deposition of DIN was not significantly related to DIN outputs in streamwater for these watersheds. Watershed characteristics such as hydrology, vegetation type, and land-use history affect DIN losses and may mask any relationship between inputs and outputs. Consequently, these factors need to be included in the development of indices and simulation models for predicting 'nitrogen saturation' and other ecological processes.  相似文献   

David Curwen 1935–1998     

Myron D. Groskopp  Hugh J. Murphy 《American Journal of Potato Research》1999,76(1):51-51

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A perspective on management of Helicoverpa armigera: transgenic Bt cotton,IPM, and landscapes          下载免费PDF全文

Sharon Downes  Darren Kriticos  Hazel Parry  Cate Paull  Nancy Schellhorn  Myron P Zalucki 《Pest management science》2017,73(3):485-492

Helicoverpa armigera is a major pest of agriculture, horticulture and floriculture throughout the Old World and recently invaded parts of the New World. We overview of the evolution in thinking about the application of area‐wide approaches to assist with its control by the Australian Cotton Industry to highlight important lessons and future challenges to achieving the same in the New World. An over‐reliance of broad‐spectrum insecticides led to Helicoverpa spp. in Australian cotton rapidly became resistant to DDT, synthetic pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates and endosulfan. Voluntary strategies were developed to slow the development of insecticide resistance, which included rotating chemistries and basing spray decisions on thresholds. Despite adoption of these practices, insecticide resistance continued to develop until the introduction of genetically modified cotton provided a platform for augmenting Integrated Pest Management in the Australian cotton industry. Compliance with mandatory resistance management plans for Bt cotton necessitated a shift from pest control at the level of individual fields or farms towards a coordinated area‐wide landscape approach. Our take‐home message for control of H. armigera is that resistance management is essential in genetically modified crops and must be season long and area‐wide to be effective. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Rice Germin-Like Proteins: Allelic Diversity and Relationships to Early Stress Responses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rebecca M. Davidson  Patricia M. Manosalva  Jacob Snelling  Myron Bruce  Hei Leung  Jan E. Leach 《Rice》2010,3(1):43-55

Germin-like protein (GLP) markers were associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to the rice blast pathogen, Magnaporthe oryzae in multiple rice (Oryza sativa) mapping populations. Twelve paralogous OsGLP gene family members are located within the physical QTL region on chromosome 8, and gene silencing studies suggest that they contribute collectively to the resistance phenotype. We compared sequence and expression profiles of OsGLP alleles in two resistant and two susceptible parental rice lines to find functional polymorphisms that correlated with the resistant phenotype. Based on coding and promoter sequences, the genes belong to two germin subfamily groups (GER3 and GER4). OsGLP members from both subfamilies were constitutively expressed and developmentally regulated in all cultivars. Transient induction above constitutive levels was observed for some OsGLPs, especially GER4 subfamily members, at early time points after M. oryzae infection and mechanical wounding. Varying 5′ regulatory regions and differential expression of some family members between resistant and susceptible cultivars corresponded with differential hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation after the same stimuli. OsGLP of both GER subfamilies localized to the plant cell wall. The protein location and early gene induction suggest that OsGLPs protect rice leaves at early stages of infection before fungal penetration and subsequent ingress. Our data suggest that regulation of OsGLP genes defines resistant versus susceptible phenotypes.  相似文献   

Book review     

Myron Solberg Ph.D. 《American Journal of Potato Research》1964,41(9):306-309

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The freezing preservation of foods volume 4: Freezing of precooked and prepared foods. Tressler,D. K., W. B. Van Arsdel,and J. M. Copley     

Myron Solberg 《American Journal of Potato Research》1969,46(2):62-62

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Improvements in Urban Air Quality: Case Studies from New York State, USA     

Shannon M. Buckley  Myron J. Mitchell 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,214(1-4):93-106

Air quality levels vary over regions due to meteorological factors, proximity to sources, and local conditions (i.e., topography). The Northeast USA is subjected to pollution inputs from both local sources and those from the upwind Midwest USA that are transported by prevailing meteorological patterns. With the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970 and the establishment of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), national levels of air pollutants have declined significantly. Our study compared air quality time trends between five of the largest cities within New York State (Albany, Buffalo, New York City, Rochester, and Syracuse) and statewide means to national trends. Data were obtained from the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Bureau of Air Quality Surveillance for six criteria pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃), particulate matter (PM_2.5), and lead (Pb). Regional Kendall tests found significant downward trends for each pollutant statewide from 1980 to 2007, while trends by city varied by decade and pollutant. The evaluation of historical trends of pollution in industrialized nations is useful in showing recent air quality improvements and also in the understanding what can be the result in air pollutant controls in those developing nations currently experiencing high levels of pollution.  相似文献   

Jimmie S. Gregory 1922–1994     

Tom Owings  Myron D. Groskopp 《American Journal of Potato Research》1994,71(12):843-844

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