为探究不同施氮量下2种浮萍[青萍(Lemma minor)和紫萍(Spirodela polyrrhiza)]对稻田田面水氮含量动态的影响,设置5个氮梯度(0、90、180、270、360 kg N·hm-2),研究浮萍对稻田田面水氨态氮(${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N)、硝态氮($NO_{3}^{-}$-N)及全氮含量动态的影响。结果表明,田面水${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N和全氮含量随着施氮量的增加而增加,添加2种浮萍的稻田田面水${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N含量随培养时间延长呈逐渐降低的趋势。通过对不同氮梯度下${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N含量进行比较分析,发现添加紫萍的田面水${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N含量较青萍低,表明添加紫萍更有利于减少稻田${NH_{4}}^{+}$-N的流失。在N270和N360处理下,全氮含量在整个培养期间呈先降低后升高再降低的趋势,表明高氮量输入(270 及360 kg N·hm-2)下,添加的浮萍在前期氮素浓度较高时可吸收氮素,而在后期浓度较低时可通过自身腐解向田面水中释放氮素,从而提高后期(培养30 d)田面水氮含量,对于降低施肥初期田面水氮素径流流失风险和保证施肥后期作物的氮营养供应具有重要的作用。本研究为通过放养浮萍优化稻田氮素利用、减少稻田氮素流失提供了理论依据。 相似文献
This investigation assessed the responses of soil fertility, enzyme activity, and microbial community diversity to soil texture and land use type.
Materials and methods
The tested soils included five soil textures (sandy loam, medium loam, heavy loam, light clay, and medium clay soils) with two land use types (uncultivated and paddy soils) in the coastal zone of Zhejiang Province, China.
Results and discussion
Soil texture had a significant effect on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK), catalase and protease activities, total phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), bacterial and actinomycetes PLFAs, and microbial diversity (MD). The clay content was significantly positively correlated to soil EC, OC, TN, AN, AP, AK, catalase activity, total PLFAs, bacterial and actinomycetes PLFAs, and MD but significantly negatively associated with soil pH and protease activity. Land use type also had significantly influenced soil pH, EC, OC, TN, AN, AP, AK, catalase, protease and urease activities, total PLFAs, bacterial, actinomycetes, and fungal PLFAs, and MD. The paddy soil had higher OC, TN, AN, AP, catalase, protease and urease activities, total PLFAs, bacterial and actinomycetes PLFAs, and MD but lower soil pH, EC, and AK than the uncultivated soil. The interaction with soil texture and land use type had significantly affected soil pH, EC, OC, TN, AN, AP, AK, catalase and protease activities, total PLFAs, bacterial and actinomycetes PLFAs, and MD.
Conclusions
Soil texture and land use type could be considered important factors in improving soil fertility, enzyme activity, and microbial diversity in coastal saline soils.
苦瓜是药食同源的蔬菜,其果实中含有多种有效成分,具有降血糖、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗生育、抗氧化、抑菌等功能特性。文章综述了近年来国内外苦瓜及苦瓜蛋白MAP30(Momordica anti-HIV Protein of 30 ku)的研究情况,阐述了苦瓜的保健功能及其在医学领域的应用研究进展,并展望了其研究应用前景。 相似文献