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1.
Adsorption behavior of heavy metals on biomaterials 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Minamisawa M Minamisawa H Yoshida S Takai N 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(18):5606-5611
We have investigated adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) at pH 2-6.7 onto the biomaterials chitosan, coffee, green tea, tea, yuzu, aloe, and Japanese coarse tea, and onto the inorganic adsorbents, activated carbon and zeolite. High adsorptive capabilities were observed for all of the biomaterials at pH 4 and 6.7. In the adsorption of Cd(II), blend coffee, tea, green tea, and coarse tea have comparable loading capacities to activated carbon and zeolite. Although activated carbon, zeolite, and chitosan are utilized in a variety of fields such as wastewater treatment, chemical and metallurgical engineering, and analytical chemistry, these adsorbents are costly. On the other hand, processing of the test biomaterials was inexpensive, and all the biomaterials except for chitosan were able to adsorb large amounts of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions after a convenient pretreatment of washing with water followed by drying. The high adsorption capability of the biomaterials prepared from plant materials is promising in the development of a novel, low-cost adsorbent. From these results, it is concluded that heavy metal removal using biomaterials would be an effective method for the economic treatment of wastewater. The proposed adsorption method was applied to the determination of amounts of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in water samples. 相似文献
2.
Compressed wooden plates and dowels were used to connect members in post-and-beam structures as a substitute for a steel fastener.
In order to take advantage of the characteristic properties of compressed wood and to achieve optimum joint performance, two
compressed wooden plates were used in each joint to give multiple shear planes for each compressed wooden dowel. Consequently,
this type of joint showed very good properties in pull-out and momen-trotation performance, and its engineering design could
be further optimized. This joint is expected to be introduced to many kinds of structural systems, including long-span frame
structures made of domestic timber found in Japanese residential houses. 相似文献
3.
Shinnosuke Kusaba Kaori Matsuoka Toshihiro Saito Nobuharu Kihou Kiyoshi Hiraoka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):165-169
We investigated changes in radiocesium concentrations in a Japanese chestnut (Castanea crenata Sieold &; Zucc.) orchard in Ibaraki prefecture for 3 years after the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident in March 2011. The radiocesium concentrations in the aboveground organs of Japanese chestnut trees were almost the same, while the concentration in the roots was the lowest among all the organs investigated. The concentration of radiocesium decreased exponentially for 3 years in nuts, leaves and current shoots. The radiocesium concentrations in soils were higher in the surface layer, and the trend of an annual decrease in radiocesium in the soils was similar to that of the natural decay of radiocesium. The transfer factor of radiocesium from soils to nuts of Japanese chestnut decreased annually. These results suggest that radiocesium adhered directly to the aboveground organs of Japanese chestnut trees in March 2011, and that the accumulation of radiocesium in nuts is mainly due to radiocesium transfer from the branches and trunk to nuts several years after the nuclear power plant accident. 相似文献
4.
Shinnosuke Kusaba Kaori Matsuoka Kazuhiro Abe Hiroyuki Ajito Mitsuru Abe Nobuharu Kihou 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):169-173
We investigated changes in the radiocesium concentration in a blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) orchard in Fukushima prefecture to clarify the radiocesium contamination for 3 years after the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident occurred in mid-March 2011. In the aboveground part of blueberry bushes, the concentrations of radiocesium in branches that were directly affected by radioactive fallout were the highest among the samples investigated, and the concentrations in fruits were the lowest. The concentration of radiocesium decreased exponentially in the fruits and leaves over 3 years. The radiocesium concentrations in soils were higher in the surface layer. The amount of radiocesium in organic matter on the soil surface under the canopy greatly decreased from 2011 to 2012. The transfer factor of the radiocesium from soil to blueberry fruits decreased annually. These results suggest that radiocesium adhered directly to the aboveground organs of blueberry bushes in March 2011, and it is possible that the accumulation of radiocesium in fruits is mainly due to radiocesium transfer from the branches and trunk to fruits for several years after the nuclear power plant accident. 相似文献
5.
Takuya Kawanishi Yoshishige Hayashi Nobuharu Kihou Tadakatsu Yoneyama Yasuo Ozaki 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):407-411
Abstract We previously analyzed the effect of nitrate dispersion on the apparent nitrogen isotope fractionation factor associated with denitrification in soil (Kawanishi et al. 1993), and found that the dispersion effect was significant when the water flow was slow. In the previous report, we assumed that the dispersion coefficients of 14NO3 ? and 15NO3 ? were similar. However, when the water flow is slow, molecular diffusion will dominate mechanical dispersion and the above assumption may not be valid. 相似文献
6.
Kang MR Kim HM Kang JS Lee K Lee SD Hyun DH In MJ Park SK Kim DC 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(2):101-106
This study was performed to elucidate the anticancer mechanism of a lipid-soluble ginseng extract (LSGE) by analyzing induction
of apoptosis and arrest of cell cycle progression using the NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell line. Proliferation of NCI-H460
cells was potently inhibited by LSGE in a dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in NCI-H460 cells
was induced by LSGE. The percentage of G0/G1 phase cells significantly increased, while that of S phase cells decreased after
treatment with LSGE. The expression levels of cyclin-dependent kinase2 (CDK2), CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D3 and cyclin E related
to G0/G1 cells progression were also altered by LSGE. In addition, LSGE-induced cell death occurred through apoptosis, which
was accompanied by increasing the activity of caspases including caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3. Consistent with enhancement
of caspase activity, LSGE increased protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase
(PARP). These apoptotic effects of LSGE were inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk. These findings indicate that
LSGE inhibits NCI-H460 human lung cancer cell growth by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and induction of caspase-mediated
apoptosis. 相似文献
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8.
Tomoko Sakami Setsuko Sakamoto Shuzo Takagi Nobuharu Inaba Ichiro Imai 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(1):113-121
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) often cause great damage to the fish aquaculture industry in the western part of Japan. Bacteria that effectively kill such phytoplankton are found in coastal seawater and are considered to influence the occurrence of HABs. Algicidal bacteria are found in abundance in seagrass beds; however, the distribution of particular bacterial strains has not yet been clarified. In this study, we determined the abundance of three algicidal Alteromonas sp. strains that were isolated as Chattonella antiqua-killing bacteria in seagrass beds and their surrounding areas in summers of 2013–2015. The strains were detected using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) amplification method. Two of the three algicidal bacterial strains were remarkably abundant in the seawater of an enclosed seagrass bed compared to the surrounding areas. In addition, the abundance of the three algicidal bacteria decreased when the eelgrass withered in late summer. These results suggest that growth of these algicidal bacteria was stimulated by eelgrass. The bacterial abundance estimated by qPCR was much greater than that determined by the culture-dependent method in June 2015 when the eelgrass grew thickly. This implies that the qPCR assay could be a sensitive tool to evaluate algicidal bacteria in natural environments. 相似文献
9.
Humitake Seki Nobuharu Aoshima F. A. Whitney C. S. Wong 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1981,16(3):331-337
Influences of energy and particulate matter were experimentally reduced by eliminating the upper part of the euphotic zone, using a large sediment-seawater enclosure (SSE)in situ in Saanich Inlet, B.C., Canada. The standing stock of heterotrophic microorganisms, as determined by ATP concentration, in the experimental dysphotic zone was not appreciably affected, although the decreased supply of organic material did reduce their rate of nutrient uptake from the environment. In the mesotrophic level of the natural dysphotic zone, the turnover rate of glutamic acid remained near the initial rate by readjusting into a new balance. 相似文献