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【目的】 研究新疆绿洲干旱区不同棉种主要综合性状,综合评价南疆生产上推广应用的棉花品种,为南疆品种选择和提质增效栽培提供一定的理论依据。【方法】 以新疆南疆棉区历来选育的有代表性的16个品种为材料,分析新疆干旱绿洲区栽培下棉花农艺形状、品质、根系、产量及产量构成因子等主要性状相关性和聚类分析。【结果】 各品种铃重为4.5~6.5 g,单株铃数和产量10-108-3最多,铃数与产量的灰色关联度最大,其值为0.93。籽指与籽棉重、纤维重为显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.492、0.538,衣分与种子数呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.532。各品种马克隆值为4.62~5.73,比强度与马克隆值呈负相关,与伸长率呈正相关关系。【结论】 总根长与果节始节、果枝数、伸长率呈显著正相关,生育期与子叶节高度、果枝数呈负相关关系,与果节始节、比强度、伸长率呈显著正相关。 相似文献
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Soumitra Paul Nusrat Ali Swapan K Datta Karabi Datta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(3):203-208
Low level of iron in staple food crops is one reason for the predominance of iron-deficiency anemia in developing countries. Most of the iron in rice grains accumulates in the outer aleurone layer and embryo, which are removed during milling, and the edible endosperm contains very low amounts of iron. In an effort to increase iron nutrition, we report here the transgene introgression of a high-iron trait into a high-yielding indica rice cultivar. The ferritin gene from soybean (soyfer1) was introduced into rice plants through interbreeding between soybean ferritin-overexpressing transgenic IR68144 and the high-yielding cultivar Swarna. The stable integration of the soyfer1 gene was confirmed in the BC2F4 generation, and the hybrid seeds showed 2.6-fold soybean ferritin gene expression over the recurrent parent Swarna. The hybrid milled seeds revealed a 2.54-fold increase in iron and 1.54-fold increase in zinc compared to Swarna. Agronomic data and an SSR marker analysis of the hybrid rice plants were taken into account for NIL character identification. 相似文献
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Noureen Arshad Khalid Mahmood Zia Farukh Jabeen Muhammad Naveed Anjum Nadia Akram Muhammad Kaleem Khosa 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(11):2219-2228
The research work was carried out to synthesize a series of novel chitosan based water dispersible polyurethanes (CS-WDPUs). The three step synthesis involves the formation of end capped PU-prepolymer was formed through the reaction between polyethylene glycol (PEG) (Mn=600 g/mole, dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) followed by the preparation of neutralized NCO terminated PU-prepolymer, which lead to the chain extension by using the chitosan. The dispersion of the obtained product was carried out by adding proper proportion of water. The synthesized CS-WDPUs were applied onto the different qualities of plain weave poly-cotton printed and dyed textile swatches by employing pad-dry-cure procedures. The textile assets of the treated and untreated textile swatches were assessed, as color fastness, pilling resistance, tear and tensile strength. The results showed that the chitosan incorporation into PU backbone has significant effect on the assets of treated textiles. These synthesized CS-WDPUs are eco-friendly bio-based finishes with potential applications for polyester/cotton textiles. 相似文献
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Muhammad Adrees Farhan Saleem Fariha Jabeen Shafaqat Ali Sofia Khalid 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(9):1195-1207
In recent decades, ambient gaseous pollution has increased due to anthropogenic activities worldwide. The studies to evaluate the adverse effects of ambient pollutants on commonly grown food crops are still limited, especially in Asian countries like Pakistan. The present study was conducted to measure the ambient pollutants in different sites of Faisalabad and their impact on growth and yield of wheat, mung bean and peas. Plants were grown in pots and placed at three sites named as control (Wire house of Government College University, Faisalabad), low pollution (LP) (Farm Area of Ayub Agricultural Research Institute) and high pollution (HP) (GT Chowk, Faisalabad) sites. Results showed that ambient ozone (O3) concentration was highest at HP site followed by LP site and was below AOT40 in control site. Ambient pollutants caused foliar injury in crops and decreased plant height, leaf area, biomass and grain yield. Pollutants caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate and grain protein contents in all three crops. In conclusion, the ambient O3 level was highest at HP site, this current O3 level and other pollutants decreased the growth and yield of important food crops. 相似文献
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Jingjuan Zhang Bernard Dell Ben Biddulph Nusrat Khan Yunji Xu Hao Luo Rudi Appels 《Euphytica》2014,198(3):439-454
The major vernalisation genes of VRN1 are well understood at the molecular level. However, their quantitative contributions to flowering time and grain yield related traits are not clear. In this study, we used a double haploid population (225 lines) of Westonia × Kauz in which the Vrn-A1a (Westonia), Vrn-B1a (Westonia) and Vrn-D1a (Kauz) were segregating, and a high resolution genetic map of 1,159 loci, to determine the quantitative contributions of Vrn-A1a, Vrn-B1a and Vrn-D1a for the days to anthesis and grain yield related traits in diverse environments. The major quantitative trait loci (QTL) of spikelet number per spike and days to anthesis were contributed by the winter alleles of VRN1. The QTL of the time of grain filling were contributed by the spring alleles of VRN1. The wild genotype (vrn-A1vrn-B1vrn-D1) showed the latest flowering, the highest spikelet number per spike, lowest peduncle proportion and thousand grain weight in three environmental analyses, and the largest spikelet number per spike, which resulted in high kernel number per spike (KN) and grain weight (GW) in well-watered environments. One QTL of KN was located on 5B, contributed by winter allele of vrn-B1 in three environmental analyses, and one GW QTL was detected on 5A, contributed by the spring allele of Vrn-A1a in a drought environment. The results indicated that the genotype Vrn-A1avrn-B1Vrn-D1a would shorten the time to anthesis and give high GW and KN in drought environments. The early anthesis associated phenotype, peduncle proportion would provide an indicator in breeding programs. 相似文献
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在大豆-玉米轮作生产过程中，玉米杂苗会与大豆苗竞争水和肥料，而且很容易遮住大豆苗，影响害虫（如玉米根虫）的防控，降低大豆品质。因此，在大豆幼苗期及时检测出玉米杂苗并对其进行处理非常重要。传统的人工检测方法主观性强、效率低，传感器和算法的发展为自动检测玉米杂苗提供了更好的解决方案。本研究在温室环境下模仿田间条件，待玉米和大豆发芽后，连续5天用因特尔RealSense D435相机采集彩色图像，并人工裁剪幼苗图像区域，在此基础上对图像进行分割和去噪。在采集图像形状、色彩和纹理特征值后， 对所采集的特征值进行权重分析， 保留前10种重要的特征值导入基于特征的机器学习算法中进行模型训练和预测。预测结果表明，支持向量机模型（SVM）、神经网络（NN）和随机森林（RF）的预测精度分别为85.3%，81.5%和82.6%。将数据集导入GoogLeNet和VGG-16 两种深度学习模型进行训练， 预测精度分别为96.0%和96.2%。VGG-16 模型在区分大豆幼苗和玉米杂苗中有较好的表现，彩色图像和VGG-16 模型组成的系统可以自动检测大豆生长过程中玉米杂苗的情况，为农民提供准确的信息，帮助其进行生产决策和田间管理。 相似文献
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Shahid Mahboob Abdul Rauf Muhammed Ashraf Tayyaba Sultana Salma Sultana Farhat Jabeen Muhammad Ibrahim Rajoka H. F. Alkahem Al-Balawi Khalid A. Al-Ghanim 《Aquaculture International》2012,20(3):455-466
Current study investigated the fermentative production of cell mass and crude protein using an axenic culture of the thermotolerant strain of Chlorella vulgaris grown mixotrophically in an illuminated 10-l glass bioreactor. The process was then upscaled to 1,000-l bioreactor. The organism supported maximum specific growth rate, crude protein volumetric productivity, and specific productivity of 1.2?day?1, 2.26?g?l?1?day?1, and 0.76?g?g?1?day?1, respectively, with urea as nitrogen source. Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy values for its formation were 74.3, 56. 2?kJ?mol?1, and ?59.1?J?mol?1?K?1, respectively, in both reactors and corresponded to those of thermotolerant organisms. Algal biomass grown in 10-l bioreactor contained 0.52?±?0.03, 12.6?±?2.0, 60.0?±?4.5, 0.4?±?0.02, 4.5?±?0.2, 12?±?0.5, and 3.81?±?0.5% carotenoids, carbohydrates, crude protein, DNA, RNA, lipids, and total chlorophyll, respectively. Dry biomass supported good growth of fish larvae comparable with that on commercial diet. 相似文献
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Mohammad Khan Jamali Mohammad Balal Arain Hassan Imran Afridi Nusrat Jalbani Atteeq ur Rehman Memon 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):659-671
Abstract In the present study we evaluate the feasibility of using untreated industrial sewage sludge by liming before use as a fertilizer, produced in Pakistan. In a pots experiment, limed industrial sewage sludge (LSW) and non-limed sewage sludge (NLSW), were amended with soil separately and grown sorghum. After maturity, the sorghum grains were analysed for total contents of potentially toxic metals (TPTM), As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The proportion of different mobility fractions of each element in LWS and NLSW, a modified BCR sequential extraction procedure (Community Bureau of Reference) and single extractions with mild extractants (deionized water and CaCl2) were used. In LSW, the availability of most of the elements under study was reduced, probably due to the increased pH of soil, while this was the reverse in the cases of Cd and Cu, their mobility was slightly increased by lime-treated sludge. The sorghum grains grown in LSW have low level As, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn as compared to grains grown in NLSW, except Cu and Cd, which, however, never exceeded legal limits. Thus the research showed that liming, by augmenting soil alkalinity, allows a safe agricultural use even of industrial sludge, which is environmentally hazardous for its great content of heavy metals. 相似文献
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We mapped the forest cover of Khadimnagar National Park （KNP） of Sylhet Forest Division and estimated forest change over a period of 22 years （1988-2010） using Landsat TM images and other GIS data. Supervised classification and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） image classification approaches were applied to the images to produce three cover classes, viz. dense forest, medium dense forest, and bare land. The change map was produced by differencing classified imageries of 1988 and 2010 as before image and after image, respectively, in ERDAS IMAGINE. Error matrix and kappa statistics were used to assess the accuracy of the produced maps. Overall map accuracies resulting from supervised classification of 1988 and 2010 imageries were 84.6% （Kappa 0.75） and 87.5% （Kappa 0.80）, respec- tively. Forest cover statistics resulting from supervised classification showed that dense forest and bare land declined from 526 ha （67%） to 417 ha （59%） and 105 ha （13%） to 8 ha （1%）, respectively, whereas medium dense forest increased from 155 ha （20%） to 317 ha （40%）. Forest cover change statistics derived from NDVI classification showed that dense forest declined from 525 ha （67%） to 421 ha （54%） while medium dense forest increased from 253 ha （32%） to 356 ha （45%）. Both supervised and NDVI classification approaches showed similar trends of forest change, i.e. decrease of dense forest and increase of medium dense forest, which indicates dense forest has been converted to medium dense forest. Area of bare land was unchanged. Illicit felling, encroachment, and settlement near forests caused the dense forest decline while short and long rotation plantations raised in various years caused the increase in area of medium dense forest. Protective measures should be undertaken to check further degradation of forest at KNP. 相似文献