新疆绿洲干旱区不同棉种主要性状综合评价及分析     

吾买尔江·库尔班  努斯热提·奥斯曼  阿尔曼·阿不利米提  李杰  张鹏忠  吐尔逊江·买买提 《新疆农业科学》2021,58(4):643-652

【目的】 研究新疆绿洲干旱区不同棉种主要综合性状,综合评价南疆生产上推广应用的棉花品种,为南疆品种选择和提质增效栽培提供一定的理论依据。【方法】 以新疆南疆棉区历来选育的有代表性的16个品种为材料,分析新疆干旱绿洲区栽培下棉花农艺形状、品质、根系、产量及产量构成因子等主要性状相关性和聚类分析。【结果】 各品种铃重为4.5~6.5 g,单株铃数和产量10-108-3最多,铃数与产量的灰色关联度最大,其值为0.93。籽指与籽棉重、纤维重为显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.492、0.538,衣分与种子数呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.532。各品种马克隆值为4.62~5.73,比强度与马克隆值呈负相关,与伸长率呈正相关关系。【结论】 总根长与果节始节、果枝数、伸长率呈显著正相关,生育期与子叶节高度、果枝数呈负相关关系,与果节始节、比强度、伸长率呈显著正相关。  相似文献   

Effects of stocking density on production and economics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) polyculture in periphyton-based systems   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M Shahab Uddin  S M Shamsul Rahman  M Ekram Azim  M Abdul Wahab  M C Jarc Verdegem  & Johan A J Verreth 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(16):1759-1769

The present research investigated the effect of stocking density on pond (75 m², depth 1.2 m) production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) stocked at a fixed 3:1 tilapia:prawn ratio. Three stocking densities were tried in triplicate: 20 000 ha⁻¹ (treatment TP‐20), 30 000 ha⁻¹ (TP‐30) and 40 000 ha⁻¹ (TP‐40). The ponds were provided with bamboo as substrate for periphyton development. Bamboo poles (mean diameter 5.5 cm and 5.0 poles m⁻²) were posted vertically into pond bottoms, resulting in 60% additional substrate area in each pond. On average, 43 genera of algae and 17 genera of zooplankton were identified from pond water, whereas 42 genera of algae and six genera of microfauna were attached to bamboo substrates. No differences were observed between treatments in the ash‐free dry matter (AFDM), chlorophyll a and phaeophytin a content of periphyton (P>0.05). Survival of tilapia and prawn and individual weight gain of tilapia were lower (P<0.05) in treatment TP‐40. The net yields were higher (P<0.05) in treatments TP‐30 (2209 and 163 kg ha⁻¹ 105 day⁻¹ of tilapia and prawn respectively) and TP‐40 (2162 and 141 kg ha⁻¹ of tilapia and prawn respectively) than in treatment TP‐20 (1505 and 136 kg ha⁻¹ of tilapia and prawn respectively). The net tilapia yields were quadratic correlated (R²=0.92) with fish stocking density. The cost–benefit analysis shows that the net profit margin was highest in treatment TP‐30 (69%), followed by TP‐20 (50%) and TP‐40 (44%).  相似文献   

Development of an Iron-enriched High-yieldings Indica Rice Cultivar by Introgression of A High-iron Trait from Transgenic Iron-biofortified Rice     

Soumitra Paul  Nusrat Ali  Swapan K Datta  Karabi Datta 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2014,69(3):203-208

Low level of iron in staple food crops is one reason for the predominance of iron-deficiency anemia in developing countries. Most of the iron in rice grains accumulates in the outer aleurone layer and embryo, which are removed during milling, and the edible endosperm contains very low amounts of iron. In an effort to increase iron nutrition, we report here the transgene introgression of a high-iron trait into a high-yielding indica rice cultivar. The ferritin gene from soybean (soyfer1) was introduced into rice plants through interbreeding between soybean ferritin-overexpressing transgenic IR68144 and the high-yielding cultivar Swarna. The stable integration of the soyfer1 gene was confirmed in the BC₂F₄ generation, and the hybrid seeds showed 2.6-fold soybean ferritin gene expression over the recurrent parent Swarna. The hybrid milled seeds revealed a 2.54-fold increase in iron and 1.54-fold increase in zinc compared to Swarna. Agronomic data and an SSR marker analysis of the hybrid rice plants were taken into account for NIL character identification.  相似文献   

Follicular cysts in sheep     

H H Oz  C S Foil  M A Memon  F K Al-Bagdadi  M A Turk  D Sims 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,187(5):502-503

A flock of 188 sheep was surveyed for cutaneous lesions that were noticed 3 days after shearing. On the basis of histologic features of the cyst wall, ie, association with sebaceous glands and lack of follicular structures or rete pegs, the cysts were classified as follicular cysts.  相似文献   

Preputial hematoma in a stallion     

M A Memon  J J McClure  E A Usenik 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(5):563-564

An 8-year-old Quarter Horse stallion was admitted with a swelling involving the prepuce, dorsal part of the scrotum, and root of the penis. The swelling was first noticed 10 days after breeding, with no evidence that it had resulted from a kick by the mare. The penis was retracted into the prepuce, except for a 10- to 15-cm protrusion of the glans penis. Treatment included warm hydrotherapy, massage, stockinette compression, antidiuretics, antibiotics, penile support, and exercise, without success. At necropsy, a massive preputial hematoma was found extending forward from the root of the penis to 12 cm proximal to the glans penis. The exact origin of the hematoma could not be determined. Most likely, bleeding had originated from the vascular plexus lying subfascially on the surface of the penis outside the intact tunica albuginea or from a branch of the external pudendal artery.  相似文献   

Effect of storage temperatures and duration on quality of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin     

Qing Lu  Jingxin Sun  Ming Huang  Yuchen Guo  Arif Memon 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(2):280-287

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of storage temperatures and time on discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin. Freshly prepared chicken breast containing paprika oleoresin was stored at ?2, ?10, ?18°C, and an oscillating temperature between ?10 and ?18°C (?10/?18°C). A significant decrease in redness was detected at ?2, ?10, and ?10/?18°C. The lowest TBARS values and carbonyl contents were observed in the samples stored at ?18°C for 5 weeks. Also, the values of sulfhydryl groups gradually decreased with the increase in storage temperatures and duration. The results suggest a positive correlation between the loss of redness and oxidation in all samples. The findings indicated that the discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast added with paprika oleoresin were inhibited significantly when stored at ?18°C.  相似文献   

Freshwater management policies in New Zealand     

Pyar Ali Memon 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》1997,7(4):305-322

1. This paper examines the effectiveness of New Zealand's Resource Management Act in managing freshwater resources. 2. A distinctive feature of the New Zealand situation is the extent to which Parliament has delegated the sustainable management of freshwater resources to catchment based regional councils. Regional councils exercise a pivotal role in water resource planning but without much guidance or technical assistance from central government. 3. Contrary to New Zealand's ‘clean green’ image, water pollution is alarmingly high in relation to its small population size. The Act puts particular emphasis on improving water quality by empowering regional councils to address this concern in policy statements and plans. 4. Water allocation policies in New Zealand are dominated by a supply-oriented biophysical perspective based on prescribing minimum flows and maximum extraction thresholds to safeguard the life-supporting capacity of ecosystems. Despite persistent attempts by central government to encourage regional councils to adopt competitive tendering and tradable permits for allocating water, most regional councils favour allocation procedures based on community consultation and political compromise. 5. Water Conservation Orders are a special provision in the Act for protecting outstanding amenity or intrinsic values of waters in their natural state. However, no new applications have been made under the RMA since 1991. 6. The RMA has brought about significant procedural improvements in water resource planning, by means of a cooperative, consultative approach. However, limited attention has been given to issues of water allocation to promote the sustainable use of increasingly scarce resources. The policies and rules in recently notified plans now regulate point source as well as non-point source discharges. Nevertheless, central government may need to reassess its role if it wishes to achieve a significant improvement in water quality and there needs to be greater coordination of water resource monitoring systems operated by regional councils to provide a national overview. ©1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Assessment of Toxic Metal Uptake by Different Vegetables Grown on Soils Amended with Poultry Waste: Risk Assessment     

Oan Muhammad Sahito  Tasneem Gul Kazi  Hassan Imran Afridi  Jameel Ahmed Baig  Farah Naz Talpur  Shahnawaz Baloch  Nusrat Shahab Memon  Nasreen Gul Kori 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2016,227(11):423

  相似文献   

A high virulence and pathotype diversity of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici at its centre of diversity,the Himalayan region of Pakistan     

Sajid Ali  Marc Leconte  Hidayatur Rahman  Muhammad Shahab Saqib  Pierre Gladieux  Jérôme Enjalbert  Claude de Vallavieille-Pope 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2014,140(2):275-290

Information on the pathogen virulence profile and diversity across locations is crucial for host germplasm improvement and deployment. The rapid acquisition of virulence to host resistance by the wheat yellow/stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici: PST), makes it crucial to know about its virulence and pathotype diversity. Recent studies have shown the plausible centre of origin of the pathogen in the Himalayan region, with Pakistan being the most ancestral to all other worldwide populations. To assess the status of virulence and pathotype diversity in the Himalayan region of Pakistan, a set of 127 PST infected wheat samples from eight locations were collected, multiplied and pathotyped using a set of 36 differential lines from the world set, European and Chinese sets, and 9 Avocet Yr isolines. Virulence (Vr) was recorded to 18 out of 24 tested yellow rust resistance (Yr) genes, while a total of 53 pathotypes were detected out of 127 isolates tested. Virulence was found to the resistance genes rarely deployed in Pakistan (Vr8) or even worldwide level (Vr5), while virulence to Vilmorin 23 (Yr3+) was absent in Pakistan, which is common in Europe. None of the pathotypes was dominant across all locations, however, no clear spatial structuring was observed for the studied locations. Our results suggested a high virulence and pathotype diversity in line with the previously proposed potential role of sexual recombination in the temporal maintenance of PST in the Himalayan region of Pakistan. This information should be useful in host resistance gene improvement and deployment.  相似文献   

Vernalization gene combination to maximize grain yield in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in diverse environments     

Jingjuan Zhang  Bernard Dell  Ben Biddulph  Nusrat Khan  Yunji Xu  Hao Luo  Rudi Appels 《Euphytica》2014,198(3):439-454

The major vernalisation genes of VRN1 are well understood at the molecular level. However, their quantitative contributions to flowering time and grain yield related traits are not clear. In this study, we used a double haploid population (225 lines) of Westonia × Kauz in which the Vrn-A1a (Westonia), Vrn-B1a (Westonia) and Vrn-D1a (Kauz) were segregating, and a high resolution genetic map of 1,159 loci, to determine the quantitative contributions of Vrn-A1a, Vrn-B1a and Vrn-D1a for the days to anthesis and grain yield related traits in diverse environments. The major quantitative trait loci (QTL) of spikelet number per spike and days to anthesis were contributed by the winter alleles of VRN1. The QTL of the time of grain filling were contributed by the spring alleles of VRN1. The wild genotype (vrn-A1vrn-B1vrn-D1) showed the latest flowering, the highest spikelet number per spike, lowest peduncle proportion and thousand grain weight in three environmental analyses, and the largest spikelet number per spike, which resulted in high kernel number per spike (KN) and grain weight (GW) in well-watered environments. One QTL of KN was located on 5B, contributed by winter allele of vrn-B1 in three environmental analyses, and one GW QTL was detected on 5A, contributed by the spring allele of Vrn-A1a in a drought environment. The results indicated that the genotype Vrn-A1avrn-B1Vrn-D1a would shorten the time to anthesis and give high GW and KN in drought environments. The early anthesis associated phenotype, peduncle proportion would provide an indicator in breeding programs.  相似文献