Occurrence and Concentration Levels of Nitro-PAH in the Air of Three Brazilian Cities Experiencing Different Emission Impacts     

Pérola de Castro Vasconcellos  Odon Sanchez-Ccoyllo  Catia Balducci  Rosanna Mabilia  Angelo Cecinato 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,190(1-4):87-94

Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (NPAH) were determined in the suspended particulates collected in São Paulo (Brazil) and three other cities lying in the São Paulo State, (namely, Araraquara, Piracicaba and Paulínia), during August 2002 and July 2003. São Paulo samples represented a big difference between two groups of days, one of which characterized by heavy injection of pollutants released by industrial and agricultural activities. Most NPAH congeners identified in the atmosphere were among those usually associated to diesel exhaust, with the three important exceptions of 2-nitrofluoranthene, 2- and 4-nitropyrene. Daytime reactions seemed to promote decomposition of primary fluoranthene and pyrene. Trends of NPAH at all sites seemed to be associated to regional transport of polluted air through air masses passing over sugar cane plantations of São Paulo State.  相似文献   

Water-Soluble Ions and Trace Metals in Airborne Particles Over Urban Areas of the State of São Paulo, Brazil: Influences of Local Sources and Long Range Transport     

Pérola C. Vasconcellos  Rajasekhar Balasubramanian  Roy E. Bruns  Odon Sanchez-Ccoyllo  Maria F. Andrade  Marlene Flues 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,186(1-4):63-73

The atmosphere over Brazilian cities is influenced by a variety of emissions sources. In this study, aerosol collection and back-trajectory analysis were used to determine the influence of local and remote sources. Aerosols were collected at three locations within the state of São Paulo: one megacity and two cities in which sugar cane burning in the surroundings is observed. We quantified the major water-soluble inorganic ions and trace metals. As expected, vehicle emissions influenced the atmosphere of the megacity heavily, and sugar cane burning influenced that of the other locations. During the period of this experiment the back-trajectory analysis revealed that air masses are transported into the state from the northeast of Brazil, where biomass burning occurs. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that the two principal components account for 48.5% of the total data variance. We conclude that local sources have a strong impact on the concentrations of particulate matter and pollutants. Remote sources also contribute to the concentrations of aerosol pollutants.  相似文献