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Highly conserved protective epitopes on influenza B viruses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
C Dreyfus NS Laursen T Kwaks D Zuijdgeest R Khayat DC Ekiert JH Lee Z Metlagel MV Bujny M Jongeneelen R van der Vlugt M Lamrani HJ Korse E Geelen Ö Sahin M Sieuwerts JP Brakenhoff R Vogels OT Li LL Poon M Peiris W Koudstaal AB Ward IA Wilson J Goudsmit RH Friesen 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,337(6100):1343-1348
Identification of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza A viruses has raised hopes for the development of monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy and "universal" vaccines for influenza. However, a substantial part of the annual flu burden is caused by two cocirculating, antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses. Here, we report human monoclonal antibodies, CR8033, CR8071, and CR9114, that protect mice against lethal challenge from both lineages. Antibodies CR8033 and CR8071 recognize distinct conserved epitopes in the head region of the influenza B hemagglutinin (HA), whereas CR9114 binds a conserved epitope in the HA stem and protects against lethal challenge with influenza A and B viruses. These antibodies may inform on development of monoclonal antibody-based treatments and a universal flu vaccine for all influenza A and B viruses. 相似文献
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Bone marrow lesions (BMLs) (also known as ‘bone bruises’, ‘bone oedema’, ‘bone contusions’ and ‘occult fractures’) within the middle phalanx were diagnosed by standing low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 7 horses. The lesions were characterised by low signal intensity on T1‐ and T2*‐weighted gradient echo sequences, mildly increased signal intensity on T2 fast spin echo sequences, and high signal intensity on short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences. Four distinct patterns of abnormal signal were identified: BML associated with osteoarthritis of either the proximal or distal interphalangeal joints; BML associated with soft tissue injury; BML associated with acute trauma; and BML unassociated with any other injury or lameness (assumed to represent bone response to biomechanical stress). Repeat MRI was undertaken in 4 cases. In most cases the BML resolved with rest and time, although lameness was persistent in 2 horses (one of which had an associated osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joint). 相似文献
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Ronan A. Mullins Carlos Sanchez Villamil Hilde de Rooster Anne Kummeling Robert N. White Kelley M. Thieman Mankin Michael S. Tivers Donald A. Yool Davina M. Anderson Kathryn M. Pratschke Ines Gordo Herve Brissot Ameet Singh Melanie Olive Jean Phillipe Billet Laura E. Selmic Barbara M. Kirby 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(2):164-172
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COMPARISONS AMONG RADIOGRAPHY,ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR EX VIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF STIFLE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN THE HORSE 
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下载免费PDF全文 Julie De Lasalle Kate Alexander Julien Olive Sheila Laverty 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(5):489-501
A better understanding of imaging characteristics of equine stifle osteoarthritis (OA) may allow earlier detection and improve prognosis. Objectives of this ex vivo, prospective, methods comparison study were to (1) describe the location and severity of naturally acquired OA lesions in the equine stifle using ultrasound (US), radiography (XR), computed tomography (CT), and macroscopic evaluation (ME); (2) compare the diagnostic performance of each imaging modality with ME; and (3) describe subchondral bone mineral density (BMD) in equine stifle joints with OA using CT. Radiographic, CT, and US evaluations were performed on 23 equine cadaver stifles and compared with ME. Significant associations were found between osteophyte global scores for all imaging modalities (CT, P ? 0.0001; XR, P = 0.005; US, P = 0.04) vs. ME osteophyte global scores. Osteophytes were detected most frequently in the medial femorotibial (MFT) joint. A specific pattern of osteophytes was observed, with a long ridge of new bone at the insertion of the MFT joint capsule cranially on the medial femoral condyle. A novel caudo‐10°proximo‐5°lateral‐cranio‐disto‐medial oblique radiographic projection was helpful for detection of intercondylar osteophytes. Multiplanar CT reformatted images were helpful for characterizing all osteophytes. Osteophyte grades at most sites did not differ among modalities. Low sensitivity/specificity for subchondral bone sclerosis and flattening of femoral condyles suggested that these signs may not be reliable radiographic and CT indicators of equine stifle OA. Equine stifle OA was associated with a decrease in BMD and specific sites of focal subchondral bone resorption/cyst formation were found in some specimens. 相似文献
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Olive KA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1991,251(4998):1194-1199
A transition from normal hadronic matter (such as protons and neutrons) to quark-gluon matter is expected at both high temperatures and densities. In physical situations, this transition may occur in heavy ion collisions, the early universe, and in the cores of neutron stars. Astrophysics and cosmology can be greatly affected by such a phase transition. With regard to the early universe, big bang nucleosynthesis, the theory describing the primordial origin of the light elements, can be affected by inhomogeneities produced during the transition. A transition to quark matter in the interior by neutron stars further enhances our uncertainties regarding the equation of state of dense nuclear matter and neutron star properties such as the maximum mass and rotation frequencies. 相似文献
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We evaluated 50 feline head and neck computed tomography examinations to determine the prevalence of vascular variation in the internal and external jugular veins. We identified three distinct anatomic conformations of the internal jugular vein. No variation of external jugular vein morphology was detected. Feline patients can have different internal jugular vein morphology that should be recognized for surgical planning. 相似文献
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Anthracene that has been dispersed into atmospheric particulate matter is photooxidized to an array of products reminiscent of oxidation by singlet oxygen in the solution phase. Photooxidation is a more important degradative pathway under ambient conditions than ozonation. Significant disappearance of anthracene also occurs by pathways not involving oxygenation. 相似文献
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睾丸内生殖细胞分化起源于不断更新的干细胞小池,继而首先引起生精细胞(精原细胞)分化。这些定型细胞然后遵循一个固定的程序进行演化,它们首先同步化地进行六次有丝分裂,然后进入第一次减数分裂期。以形态学和细胞学标准,鉴别精原干细胞,根据注入不育者睾丸的分化活力,进行功能检测。目前干细胞的纯化和鉴定研究取得了日新月异的发展。生殖系生物学基本理论和多个领域中的临床前研究将会从中得益,同时附植前的基因转移为转基因技术开辟一条崭新的途径。细胞特征:①源于初生睾丸生长捕获生殖母细胞的少量精原干细胞(2～3×104/成年睾丸),主要分布在生精小管的周围;②细胞遗传学分析首次鉴定表明,它们是缺乏异染色质的圆形小细胞;③通过移植入缺乏生殖细胞的受体睾丸,在功能上表现为具有重建永久精子发生的能力;④基于α6β1整合素和CD9表达,可以获得较高浓度的精原干细胞,在转基因启动子驱动下异源表面蛋白质得以表达,可进一步纯化产物;⑤逆转录病毒载体能使基因转移先于移植,转基因后代随后即可产生。 相似文献
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