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A. R. Khan A. K. Ghorai R. C. Srivastava S. R. Singh 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1997,178(2):73-78
Intensive use of chemical herbicides and pesticides has raised serious concern about their effect on non-target organisms, plants, human bodies and the environment. Hence there is a continuous search for benign, harmless, non-hazardous and eco-friendly technology to control the growth of weeds which compete with crops for water, nutrients, light and space; thus reducing crop yield significantly. An attempt was made to control the weeds through smothering. This controls the weeds by cutting off light from the photosynthetic portion of weed plants by using black polyethylene sheets (LPDE film) which inhibit the top growth. Experiments to control the weeds in a lowland rice field through smothering were conducted in the high rainfall coastal region of eastern India wth eight treatments including smothering and conventional methods like hand/mechanical weeding and herbicides, etc. The treatment of smothering for one week + puddling + transplanting proved to be better than other conventional methods and may replace herbicide and hand/mechanical weeding totally with a better rice yield. 相似文献
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Esakky Ramachandran Suchit Ashish John Gerard Abraham Partha Sarathi Bhattacharya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(4):275-279
The PTM3 (MADS-box) gene characterized from flower of Aspen was ectopically expressed in cotton and was found to result in desirable
agronomic traits. Among several transgenic lines, the PTM3 cotton event-10 was found to flower significantly earlier than
the control and yield better [Ramachandran et al. (2011)]. We report our findings on performance based on greenhouse evaluation
and inheritance of PTM3 cotton event-10. The T1 progeny of event-10 were grown in pots under RBD design. The progeny were confirmed by kanamycin imbibition test, PCR, and
GUS assay which showed the segregation of transgene at about 3:1 ratio. GUS assay was performed with pollen from all transgenic
plants; plants that expressed gus in all pollen versus those that showed segregation for expression were found to be at a
ratio of 1:2. Similar to observations made in the T0 generation of event-10, the agronomic evaluation of T1 progeny exhibited, on an average, earliness of 13 days in flowering, 13.5 days in crop maturity, and 22% of yield enhancement.
The T2 progeny of homozygous lines were grown on field soil in the greenhouse under strip trial design to see the effect as observed
from potted plants of T1 progeny. Inheritance of transgene cassette to T2 progeny was confirmed by the same tests used to analyze T1 progeny. As exhibited by T0 and T1 progenies, the T2 progeny also showed earliness of 8 days in flowering, 12 days in crop maturity, and 17% of yield enhancement. The data generated
from the progeny over two generations confirms that the PTM3 cotton event-10 is superior in agronomic characters as compared
to non-transgenic cotton and is of interest for breeding shorter duration varieties with improved yield. 相似文献
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Polymorphism analysis of BMPR1B gene by forced RFLP and PCR-SSCP techniques and expression of the mutation in introgressed sheep 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The present study was conducted to screen Kashmir valley sheep with history of prolificacy for the presence of FecB mutation. Forced polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) and single strand conformation
polymorphism (SSCP) techniques were employed to detect any polymorphism present in bone morphogenetic protein receptor type
1B (BMPR1B) gene. Further, it was aimed at introgressing the FecB mutation into nonprolific noncarrier sheep. A 140-bp fragment of BMPR1B gene was amplified from isolated genomic DNA and subjected to forced RFLP with restriction enzyme AvaII. Three different RFLP patterns were identified. SSCP analysis showed one-to-one correspondence with RFLP patterns. Sequencing
of the samples showing different patterns revealed that the wild (+) and mutant (B) alleles were different by a single nucleotide
substitution in the form of A109G from wild to mutant allele. It led to change in amino acid from Glutamine (Q) to Arginine
(R) from wild to mutant allele. The mutation was only detected in NARI-Suwarna and their crosses; all Kashmir valley sheep
with prolific history lacked it. The + allele was abundant in the studied population. The FecB mutation was introgressed in nonprolific noncarrier sheep by crossing ewes with NARI-Suwarna rams possessing the mutation.
First generation crossing produced heterozygous (B+) progeny. Some of the F1 heterozygous ewes gave birth to twins when mated to unrelated NARI-Suwarna rams. It showed that FecB mutation was successfully expressing in those crosses. 相似文献
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The present research was undertaken to explor the possibility of arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM) association with Asteraceae plants in the arid lands of Saudi Arabia(Al-Ghat, Buraydah, Thumamah and Huraymila). AM fungal colonization in the roots, spore numbers in the rhizosphere soil, fungal species diversity and correlation between AM properties and soil properties were determined. The highest colonization was in Conyza bonariensis(65%) from Al-Ghat, Anthemis cotula(52%) from Buraydah and C. bonariensis(53%) from Thumamah. The lowest was in Vernonia schimperi(41%) from Al-Ghat, Pulicaria undulata(25%) from Buraydah, Acanthospermum hispidum(34%) from Thumamah, Asteriscus graveolens(22%) and V. schimperi(22%) from Huraymila. Vesicular and arbuscular colonization were also presented in all plant species examined. The number of spores were 112–207 in Al-Ghat, 113–133 in Buraydah, 87–148 in Thumamah and 107–158 in Huraymila. Funneliformis mosseae, Glomus etunicatum, G. fasciculatum and G. aggregatum were identified. Relative frequency of AM fungal species varied widely and was irrespective of location and plant species. Diversity index varied with the rhizosphere soils of different plant species at various locations. Soil properties varied with locations and no distinct correlations were observed among the soil properties, root colonization and the number of spores. The results of the present study specified the association of AM fungi in different plants of Asteraceae and its significance in the ecological functioning of annual plants in the punitive environments of the rangelands in Saudi Arabia. 相似文献
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Suprakash Saha Monidipta Saha Amit Ranjan Saha Sabyasachi Mitra Surja Kumar Sarkar Ashesh Kumar Ghorai 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1191-1200
The interactive effect of potassium (K) and sulfur (S) fertilization on productivity and mineral nutrition of sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) was evaluated in a field experiment during 2008 and 2009 cropping seasons at Uttar Pradesh, India. Potassium and sulfur fertilizers increased fiber yield and nutrient uptake of sunnhemp. It was observed that an application of K and S at 40 kg ha?1 each significantly increased the total dry matter, fiber yield, and nutrient uptake of sunnhemp. The crop yield response to the added S was greater than for K and the nutrient use efficiency was also higher at lower levels of fertilizer addition. The increased levels of K and S improved the number of nodules and crude protein content of sunnhemp leaves. 相似文献
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