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1.
Thai Khanh Phong Dang Thi Tuyet Nhung Takashi Motobayashi Dang Quoc Thuyet Hirozumi Watanabe 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,202(1-4):3-12
The fate and transport of tricyclazole and imidacloprid in paddy plots after nursery-box application was monitored. Water and surface soil samples were collected over a period of 35 days. Rates of dissipation from paddy waters and soils were also measured. Dissipation of the two pesticides from paddy water can be described by first-order kinetics. In the soil, only the dissipation of imidacloprid fitted to the simple first-order kinetics, whereas tricyclazole concentrations fluctuated until the end of the monitoring period. Mean half-life (DT50) values for tricyclazole were 11.8 and 305 days, respectively, in paddy water and surface soil. The corresponding values of imidacloprid were 2.0 and 12.5 days, respectively, in water and in surface soil. Less than 0.9% of tricyclazole and 0.1% of imidacloprid were lost through runoff during the monitoring period even under 6.3 cm of rainfall. The pesticide formulation seemed to affect the environmental fate of these pesticides when these results were compared to those of other studies. 相似文献
2.
J Gelfi J Chantal T T Phong R Py C Boucraut-Baralon 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(3):240-245
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and compared with 2 reference diagnostic tests (indirect immunofluorescence [IF] and complement fixation) to detect myxoma virus-specific antibodies in sera from 50 rabbits experimentally vaccinated with an attenuated strain of myxoma virus or with a Shope fibroma virus. The ELISA was highly specific (100% specificity) and sensitive (100%, 21 days after homologous vaccination). In a comparison of the ELISA with the IF test in 128 wild rabbits from France, discrepant results were obtained in only 11 (8.6%) animals, which were positive with the ELISA and negative with the IF test. The higher sensitivity and the good specificity of the ELISA was confirmed in a serologic survey of 118 rabbits from 2 Kerguelen (Indian Ocean) islands, where the prevalence of myxomatosis varied considerably. The ELISA is an alternative serologic test for diagnosis, vaccine evaluation, and seroepidemiologic surveys of myxomatosis. 相似文献
3.
Genetic modification from selfed progenies of 18 rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants regenerated from callus tissues which survived desiccation, were investigated at the DNA level using the random
amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Twelve 10-mer random primers were used to amplify DNA of progenies from the regenerated
plants, and a total of 228 PCR products and 1780 DNA fragments were obtained by primers, generating between four to thirteen
major bands. The size of the amplified fragments ranged from 0.2 to 2.55 kb. The results showed that 10 out of 12 primers
produced polymorphic bands, two primers (RA31 and RA185) showed no polymorphism among plants tested. A dendrogram of the genetic
distance was constructed based on their polymorphism, demonstrating that somaclonal variation exists in rice plants regenerated
from callus which survived the desiccation treatment. Part of this variation can be useful in rice breeding.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Effects of salt stress on plant growth characteristics and mineral content in diverse rice genotypes
Thieu Thi Phong Thu Hideshi Yasui Takeo Yamakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):264-273
ABSTRACTWhen rice is grown under moderate salinity (6?dS m?1), yields are reduced by up to 50%. The development of salt-tolerant varieties is a key strategy for increasing yields. We conducted an experiment using a hydroponic system with ion components similar to seawater to determine useful parameters for assessing salt tolerance. Two-week-old seedlings were grown for 7 days on Yoshida hydroponic solution. The treatment group then additionally received an artificial seawater solution (electrical conductivity, 12 dS m?1). After a 2-week period of salt stress, standard evaluation scores (SES) of visual salt injuries were assessed. The K, Na, Mg, and Ca contents were then determined in the roots, sheaths, and leaves of each plant. Following the SES results, we divided the 37 genotypes into four groups: salt-tolerant groups (STGs), moderately salt-tolerant groups, salt-sensitive groups (HSSGs), and highly salt-sensitive groups (HSSGs). In the control, STGs had the highest sheath K content (30.1 mg g?1 dried weight [DW]), whereas HSSGs had the lowest (21.4 mg g?1 DW). Sheath K was also highly and negatively correlated with SES. This suggests that sheath K may be useful for identifying salt-tolerant varieties under non-saline conditions. Plant growth was significantly affected under salt stress, but STGs had the smallest decrease in sheath DW. SES was significantly correlated with sheath and leaf Na, sheath K and Mg, and sheath and leaf Na/K and Na/Mg ratios. The results suggested that sheath K, Na/K, and Na/Mg may be useful indicators for genetic analyses of salt-tolerant varieties under salt-stress conditions. The salt-tolerant cultivars, KCR20, KCR124, and KCR136, are possible candidates for such studies because they had high sheath K content (31.19, 31.21, 29.44 mg g?1 DW, respectively) under non-saline conditions and low SES (3.3, 3.6, 3.9, respectively), and low sheath Na/K (0.64, 0.52, 0.92, respectively) and Na/Mg ratios (2.96, 2.27, 3.03, respectively) under salt-stress conditions. 相似文献
5.
Dang Quoc Thuyet Thai Quoc Hien Hirozumi Watanabe Hirotaka Saito Thai Khanh Phong Taku Nishimura 《Paddy and Water Environment》2010,8(3):235-245
The micro paddy lysimeter (MPL) was developed and evaluated for its performance to simulate solute transport in paddy environment
under laboratory conditions. MPLs were constructed using soil collected from Field Museum Honmachi of Tokyo University of
Agriculture and Technology, Japan. For the physical characteristics of the hardpan layer, parameters such as thickness, and
soil aggregate size, affecting the percolation rate were studied. For the plow layer, two types of plow soils, sieved and
un-sieved soils were compared. The sieved soil plow layer was produced by mixing air-dried soils of different aggregate sizes
of D > 9.50, 9.50 ≥ D > 4.75, 4.75 ≥ D > 2.0 mm and D ≤ 2.0 mm at 47.1, 19.5, 20.6, and 12.8%, respectively. The un-sieved plow layer soil was directly used after collecting from
the field. Inert tracer was applied to ponding water with controlled boundary conditions to evaluate the reproducibility of
the soil hydraulic characteristics. HYDRUS-1D was used to evaluate the movement of bromide tracer in the MPL. The proposed
conditions of the MPL were that the hardpan layer can be made from soil aggregates smaller than 0.425 mm with 2 cm thickness
and that the plow layer can be prepared with sieved or un-sieved soils. With these conditions, the obtained results proved
that MPLs can be a useful tool to simulate solute transport in paddy environment. 相似文献
6.
Fin ray biopsies are commonly used to age sturgeon, but the effects of fin ray biopsy on Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii swimming performance are unknown. Therefore, the effects of two fin ray biopsy methods on swimming performance of hatchery-reared, juvenile Siberian sturgeon were evaluated in this study. Treatment fish were subjected to one of two biopsy methods: removal of a 2- to 4-cm section from a marginal pectoral fin ray, or full removal of a marginal pectoral fin ray. Control fish were only subjected to a sham operation. A modified 2,936-l Brett-type swim tunnel was used to evaluate 10-min critical station-holding speeds (C SHS) and behavioral swimming characteristics of sturgeon immediately after fin ray biopsies were carried out. Fish sizes (range 65- to 84-cm fork length) were comparable among treatments. Mean 10-min C SHS (mean ± SE) were 113 ± 3.4, 109 ± 2.5, and 111 ± 2.8 cm s?1 for the segment removal treatment, full removal treatment, and control treatment, respectively. ANOVA indicated that the two methods had no significant effect on the 10-min C SHS of Siberian sturgeon compared to the control treatment. Results indicate that fin ray removal has no effect on Siberian sturgeon swimming performance. 相似文献
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8.
为探究轻度镉(Cd)污染稻田的治理修复方法,选用天象土壤调理剂(TX)、秸秆炭材料(JGT)和3种森美思纳米材料(SAX1、PX4、WH4P),在安徽铜陵矿区附近Cd轻度污染水稻田开展了连续两年的田间小区试验,研究了5种土壤调理剂对Cd轻度污染稻田当年与次年土壤有效态Cd含量、土壤pH、水稻产量和Cd含量的影响.结果表... 相似文献
9.
A Colling C Morrissy J Barr G Meehan L Wright W Goff LJ Gleeson B van der Heide S Riddell M Yu D Eagles R Lunt S Khounsy Ngo Than Long Pham Phong Vu Nguyen Than Phuong Nguyen Tung W Linchongsubongkoch J Hammond M Johnson WO Johnson H Unger P Daniels JR Crowther 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(6):192-199
10.
Arora H Du P Tan KW Hyun JK Grazul J Xin HL Muller DA Thompson MO Wiesner U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6001):214-219
Epitaxy is a widely used method to grow high-quality crystals. One of the key challenges in the field of inorganic solids is the development of epitaxial single-crystal nanostructures. We describe their formation from block copolymer self-assembly-directed nanoporous templates on single-crystal Si backfilled with Si or NiSi through a laser-induced transient melt process. Depending on thickness, template removal leaves either an array of nanopillars or porous nanostructures behind. For stoichiometric NiSi deposition, the template pores provide confinement, enabling heteroepitaxial growth. Irradiation through a mask provides access to hierarchically structured materials. These results on etchable and non-etchable materials suggest a general strategy for growing epitaxial single-crystal nanostructured thin films for fundamental studies and a wide variety of applications, including energy conversion and storage. 相似文献