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Menacherry Sunil Paul M. Kočárek Martin Kacerova Tereza Kotíková Zora Kačer Petr Kodešová Radka 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2022,22(2):522-535
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Dissipation of pharmaceutical compounds entered into the natural environment is an important process minimizing the adverse effects on the living organisms. The aim... 相似文献
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Klejdus B Mikelová R Petrlová J Potesil D Adam V Stiborová M Hodek P Vacek J Kizek R Kubán V 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(15):5848-5852
An ultrafast HPLC/UV-vis DAD method working at 254 nm was applied for the determination of isoflavone aglycons and glycosides (genistin, genistein, daidzein, daidzin, glycitin, glycitein, ononin, formononetin, sissotrin, and biochanin A) in roots, stems, leaves, and soy pods of soy plants and in soybeans of five varieties (Korada, Quito, Rita, OAC Erin, and OAC Vison). An Atlantis dC18 ultrafast RP chromatographic column (20 mm x 2.1 mm, 3 microm particle size) was applied for separation of the isoflavone aglycons and glycosides. A flow rate of the mobile phase (0.1% (v/v) acetic acid, pH 3.75-solvent A and methanol-solvent B) was 0.35 mL min(-1), and the column temperature was 36 degrees C. A linear gradient profile from 13 up to 22% B (v/v) from zero to 2.5 min, up to 30% B to 3.21 min, up to 35% B to 4 min, up to 40% B to 4.5 min, up to 50% B to 5.14 min, and followed by negative gradient up to 13% B to 7.71 min was used. The absolute limits of detection per sample injection (5 microL) were the highest for biochanin A (166.2 fmol) and the lowest for genistin (17.0 fmol), respectively. An accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) in combination with sonication was applied for isolation of biologically active compounds. A solid-phase extraction procedure was used to purify the extracts in the case of analysis of soy plants parts. The recoveries of 96-106% were obtained for the different concentrations of the isoflavone aglycons and glycosides and the different matrixes (overall RSDs 2-9%). The highest isoflavone concentrations were found in roots (12.5 microg g(-1) dry weight), while the amounts were about 3-1100 microg g(-1) fresh weight in different varieties of soybeans. 相似文献
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Jana Rydlová David Püschel Radka Sudová Milan Gryndler Olga Mikanová Miroslav Vosátka 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2011,174(1):128-134
This study focused on the application of native strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Sinorhizobium in effective crop production during reclamation of coal‐mine spoil banks. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted in spoil‐bank clay with a low dose of organic amendment to determine whether the microbial inoculation improves growth and utility qualities of two cultivars of Linum usitatissimum L. (oil and fiber flax). Inoculation with two native AMF isolates (Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices, and their mixture) significantly increased growth and shoot phosphorus (P) concentration of both flax cultivars. Inoculated fiber flax plants produced fivefold more fibers than the uninoculated ones. In oil flax, mycorrhizal inoculation significantly but quantitatively to a minor degree decreased the concentration of nonsaturated fatty acids in the seed oil. A mixture of five native Sinorhizobium sp. strains supported growth and P uptake of oil flax only in the absence of AMF. However, these beneficial effects of the bacteria were significantly lower as compared to AMF. No synergic action of Sinorhizobium strains and AMF was observed, and their interactions were often even antagonistic. Inoculation with AMF significantly decreased population density of Sinorhizobium in the soil. These results suggest that a careful selection of suitable bacterial strains is necessary to provide effective AMF combinations and maximize flax‐growth support. 相似文献
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Jana Řepková Antonín Dreiseitl Pavel Lízal Zdeňka Kyjovská Kateřina Teturová Radka Psotková Ahmed Jahoor 《Euphytica》2006,151(1):23-30
Summary Four newly detected accessions of wild barley (Hordeum
vulgare ssp. spontaneum) resistant to powdery mildew caused by Blumeria
graminis f. sp. hordei were studied with the aim of finding the number of genes/loci conferring the resistance of individual accessions, the type of inheritance of the genes and their relationships to the Mla locus. F2 populations after crosses between the winter variety ‘Tiffany’ and four wild barley accessions and use of microsatellite DNA markers were focused on the identification of individual resistance genes/loci by means of their chromosomal locations. In PI466495, one locus conferring powdery mildew resistance was identified in highly significant linkage with the marker Bmac0213. This location is consistent with the known locus Mla on chromosome 1HS. In the other three accessions the resistance was determined by two independent loci. In PI466197, PI466297 and PI466461, one locus was identified on chromosome 1HS and three new loci were revealed on chromosomes 2HS (highly significant linkage with Bmac0134), 7HS (highly significant linkage with Bmag0021) and 7HL (significant linkage with EBmac0755). Our prospective aim is identification of further linked DNA markers and the exact location of the resistance genes on the barley chromosomes. 相似文献
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Vaníčková L do Nascimento RR Hoskovec M Ježková Z Břízová R Tomčala A Kalinová B 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(29):7168-7176
The medfly (Ceratitis capitata) is one of the major agricultural pests controlled through sterile insect technique (SIT) programs. We studied the chemical composition of the volatiles released by calling males from one laboratory and two wild C. capitata populations using two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC × GC/TOFMS) and gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD). Multivariate data analyses revealed significant differences in the quantitative and qualitative composition of male chemical emanations between the three populations. The GC-EAD analyses of the male emanation of three C. capitata populations revealed 14 antenally active compounds. The volatiles isomenthone, β-pinene, ethyl octanoate, indole, geraniol, bornyl acetate, geranyl acetone, and (E)-caryophyllene are newly reported EAD active constituents of the male pheromone. GC-EAD analyses of the laboratory population indicated that the males and females of C. capitata possess comparable sensitivity to male-produced volatiles. Our results are relevant to the development of a pheromone-based monitoring system and also to the SIT control program. 相似文献
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A greenhouse experiment was focused on the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in effective crop production during reclamation of coal‐mine spoil banks. The aim of the study was to find out whether mycorrhizal inoculation improves growth of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and whether it can compensate for high doses of expensive organic amendment. Flax was planted in original spoil‐bank gray Miocene clay amended with organic matter used for spoil‐bank reclamation (mixture of composted urban waste and lignocellulose papermill waste). This amendment was applied in four descending doses equivalent to the application of 500, 200, 100, and 0 t ha–1. The plants received either a mixed inoculum of three AMF species (Glomus mosseae, G. claroideum, and G. intraradices) or were left uninoculated. Growth of flax was significantly increased by mycorrhizal inoculation in pure clay (by 60%) as well as in clay with all amendment doses (by 119% on average). Also, the addition of organic matter increased plant growth but, interestingly, the biomass production was comparable regardless the dose of amendment. Our results suggest that similar yields are attainable with only one fifth of the usual fertilization dose, which can significantly decrease costs related to the reclamation of spoil banks. If mycorrhizal inoculation is applied together with the optimized fertilization, growth of flax planted in spoil‐bank clay can be further improved. 相似文献
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Serpentine soils represent stressful environment with low calcium to magnesium ratio, deficiencies of essential macronutrients, increased concentrations of heavy metals and a low water-holding capacity. A considerable potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to promote plant growth and nutrition can be expected under these adverse conditions. We tested a hypothesis that both host plants and AMF have evolved edaphic tolerance, which enable them to cope with the conditions of serpentine habitats. A reciprocal transplant experiment with a full factorial design was conducted, involving serpentine and non-serpentine substrates, host plants (Knautia arvensis, Dipsacaceae) and AMF isolates. After three-month cultivation under greenhouse conditions, plant growth and nutrition and AMF development were assessed. Our results evidenced the edaphic differentiation and higher tolerance of both plants and fungi of serpentine origin to serpentine soil. The better performance of serpentine plants was likely based on their tolerance to magnesium accumulation in shoot tissues. The serpentine AMF isolate not only developed higher root colonisation in serpentine conditions, but it was also more efficient in the growth promotion of and phosphorus uptake by the serpentine plants. As it had only a slight impact on magnesium uptake and no influence on calcium and nickel uptake by the serpentine plants, the improved P nutrition seemed to be the crucial mechanism of the mycorrhizal promotion effect. In conclusion, our study proved the tolerance of a plant–mycobiont complex to specific conditions of serpentine soils, which may indicate that not only the individual components of serpentine communities but also their functional interactions are subjected to selective evolutionary forces. 相似文献
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Hudec J Burdová M Kobida L Komora L Macho V Kogan G Turianica I Kochanová R Lozek O Habán M Chlebo P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5689-5696
The changes of the antioxidant (AOA) and antiradical activities (ARA) and the total contents of phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonols, and hydroxybenzoic acid in roots and different aerial sections of Echinacea purpurea, nettle, and dandelion, after treatment with ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor, a polyamine inhibitor (O-phosphoethanolamine, KF), and a phenol biosynthesis stimulator (carboxymethyl chitin glucan, CCHG) were analyzed spectrophotometrically; hydroxycinnamic acids content was analyzed by RP-HPLC with UV detection. Both regulators increased the AOA measured as inhibition of peroxidation (IP) in all herb sections, with the exception of Echinacea stems after treatment with KF. In root tissues IP was dramatically elevated mainly after CCHG application: 8.5-fold in Echinacea, 4.14-fold in nettle, and 2.08-fold in dandelion. ARA decrease of Echinacea leaves treated with regulators was in direct relation only with cichoric acid and caftaric acid contents. Both regulators uphold the formation of cinnamic acid conjugates, the most expressive being that of cichoric acid after treatment with CCHG in Echinacea roots from 2.71 to 20.92 mg g(-1). There was a strong relationship between increase of the total phenolics in all sections of Echinacea, as well as in the studied sections of dandelion, and the anthocyanin content. 相似文献