Gastrointestinal tract morphological alteration by unpleasant physical treatment and modulating role of Lactobacillus in broilers     

A. Meimandipour  M. Hair-bejo  M. Shuhaimi  K. Azhar  A.F. Soleimani  B. Rasti 《British poultry science》2010,51(1):52-59

1.?An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supposedly unpleasant physical treatment on broiler performance, small intestinal development and ameliorating role of probiotics.

2.?The following treatments were applied from day one: (1) chicks exposed to normal human contact fed basal diet (control); (2) chicks were exposed to unpleasant physical treatment and fed basal diet (UPT-BD); and (3) chicks were exposed to unpleasant physical treatment and fed basal diet supplemented with Lactobacillus (UPT-BDL). Chicks were exposed to UPT from days 1 to 21. Different segments of gastrointestinal tract were sampled at 14, 28, 35 and 42 d of age.

3.?Broilers of UPT-BD had lower feed consumption compared with control group at 7 d of age. Overall, UPT-BDL birds showed higher body weight gain (BWG) and better feed conversion ratio (FCR) over the course of the experiment.

4.?Birds of UPT-BD had lower concentrations of lactic, propionic and butyric acids in the caecum as compared with other groups at 14 d of age. Acetic acid concentration was profoundly decreased in both UPT groups compared to the control.

5.?Duodenal villus height of UPT-BD broilers showed a slight reduction compared to the control and UPT-BDL birds at 14 d of age. Afterwards until day 42, UPT-BDL birds showed the highest villus height among treatments in different parts of the small intestine.

6.?The results suggested that, even though UPT did not have significant inhibitory effects on the development of the small intestine and broiler performance, it negatively affected bacterial metabolic end products in the caecum, which could be ameliorated by the addition of Lactobacillus.  相似文献   

A New Approach to Select Doubled Haploid Rice Lines under Salinity Stress Using Indirect Selection Index     

Muhammad Fuad Anshori  Bambang Sapta Purwoko  Iswari Saraswati Dewi  Sintho Wahyuning Ardie  Willy Bayuardi Suwarno 《水稻科学》2021,28(4):368-378

This study determined the indirect selection index of doubled haploid(DH) rice using a multivariate analysis approach to select lines adaptive to salinity stress, comprising three experiments. The first experiment involved the selection of good agronomic characters in a field experiment conducted at an experimental station in Bogor, Indonesia. The second experiment involved salinity tolerance screening through hydroponic cultures using 0 and 120 mmol/L NaCl, conducted at a greenhouse in Bogor. The third experiment involved the validation of the indirect adaptability selection index(IASI) through a field experiment in Sukra(saline area). Field experiments followed a randomized complete block design(RCBD), whereas an RCBD nested factorial design was used for the greenhouse experiment. The first and second experiments used 56 DH lines and four check varieties with three replications. In the second experiment, Pokkali and IR29 varieties were also added as tolerant and sensitive checks of salinity, respectively. The third experiment used 28 selected DH lines, Inpari 29 and one sensitive DH line. The good agronomic index(GAI) was 0.465 yield + 0.433 number of productive tillers + 0.31 number of filled grains. This generated 24 DH rice lines with good agronomic traits. The salinity tolerance index(SaTI) was developed through the average of standardized salinity tolerance score and salinity selection index based on discriminant analysis. This generated 34 DH rice lines with good salinity stress tolerance. The IASI(IASI = GAI – Sa TI) selected 28 DH rice lines adaptive to salinity stress and it was considered effective by Sukra validation.  相似文献   

Nitrogen fixation of Sesbania rostrata: Contribution of stem nodules to nitrogen acquisition     

Rasti Saraswati  Tōru Matoh  Jiro Sekiya 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):775-780

Abstract

Nitrogen contents, nodule numbers, and nodule dry weights of 6-week-oId Sesbania rostrata plants grown in sand culture with only root nodules, only stem nodules or with both were compared and the root nodules were found to contribute to nitrogen acquisition more significantly than the stem nodules. Similar findings were obtained in ¹⁵N₂-fixing experiments. An 8-week-old plant with both stem and root nodules fixed 1.50 mg nitrogen in a 12 h light period, while the fixation decreased to 1.15 mg nitrogen after the removal of the stem nodules, suggesting that root nodules played major role in nitrogen fixation. However, acetylene-reducing activities per nodule dry weight were higher in the stem nodules. Under flooding conditions, the aerenchyma tissues contributed to about 40% of N₂ transport to root nodules, and 60% was supplied through stem.  相似文献   

In vivo evaluation of gelatin/hyaluronic acid nanofiber as Burn-wound healing and its comparison with ChitoHeal gel     

Bahman Ebrahimi-Hosseinzadeh  Mirsepehr Pedram  Ashrafalsadat Hatamian-Zarmi  Soheila Salahshour-Kordestani  Mahtab Rasti  Zahra Beagom Mokhtari-Hosseini  Mohammad Mir-Derikvand 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(6):820-826

The study aims at performing a comparative assessment of two types of burn wound treatment. The present study was designed to prepare crosslinked and blended two natural polymers nanofiber scaffolds using gelatin (GE) and hyaluronic acid (HA). The GE/HA composite nanofibrous membranes with varied GE/HA weight ratio have also been successfully fabricated by an electrospinning method. The average diameter of GE/HA fibers was in the range of 20 to 150 nm. In vivo efficacy was also investigated based on a deep second degree burns model for Wistar rats. At 14 days post-operation, the dermal defect basically recovered its normal condition. A percentage of wound closure of GE/HA composite nanofibrous membranes and ChitoHeal gel reached up to 81.9 % and 77.8 % respectively, compared with 65 % of the untreated control (p<0.05). Also, histological parameters were assessed on postoperative day 7 and 14. The results of in vivo experiments showed that more epidermis was formed in the gel and scaffold groups compared to the control group. The numbers of inflammatory cells in these two groups were also smaller as compared with the control group, which could well be the reason for the delayed healing in the control group.  相似文献   

Copper,zinc, and iron concentrations in blood serum and diet of dairy cattle on semi-industrial farms in central Iran     

Noaman V  Rasti M  Ranjbari AR  Shirvani E 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(3):407-411

The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood serum and diet concentrations of copper, zinc, and iron in Holstein dairy cattle kept under semi-industrial farming in Isfahan province, central Iran. Moreover, the effects of season, pregnancy, and daily milk yield on serum Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations were also evaluated. The study was carried out on 12 semi-industrial Holstein dairy cattle farms. A total of 120 blood serum samples (60 in each season) and 24 diet samples (12 in each season) were collected in the summer and winter. The Cu, Fe, and Zn contents were assessed in samples using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In the summer, the mean concentrations of Cu and Fe in serum samples were lower and higher than the critical level, respectively (P < 0.05). In total diet samples, the mean concentrations of Zn were significantly higher than critical level (P < 0.05). In summer, winter, and total diet samples, the mean concentrations of Fe were significantly higher than critical level (P < 0.05). The serum Cu and Zn concentrations were significantly higher in the winter than those determined in the summer (P < 0.05). The serum Cu concentrations were significantly higher in nonpregnant than those in pregnant dairy cattle (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in serum Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of dairy cattle in different daily milk yield groups. It can be concluded that Holstein dairy cattle reared under semi-industrial dairy farming were deficient in serum Cu concentrations, especially in summer. Further, high level of Fe in blood serum might be due to feeding of cattle with diet containing excess quantity of Fe.  相似文献   

The genomic landscapes of human breast and colorectal cancers     

Wood LD  Parsons DW  Jones S  Lin J  Sjöblom T  Leary RJ  Shen D  Boca SM  Barber T  Ptak J  Silliman N  Szabo S  Dezso Z  Ustyanksky V  Nikolskaya T  Nikolsky Y  Karchin R  Wilson PA  Kaminker JS  Zhang Z  Croshaw R  Willis J  Dawson D  Shipitsin M  Willson JK  Sukumar S  Polyak K  Park BH  Pethiyagoda CL  Pant PV  Ballinger DG  Sparks AB  Hartigan J  Smith DR  Suh E  Papadopoulos N  Buckhaults P  Markowitz SD  Parmigiani G  Kinzler KW  Velculescu VE  Vogelstein B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5853):1108-1113

  相似文献   

Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Studies on Epoxy-Cobaltous Sulfate Polymer Hybrids     

Shruti S. Devangamath  Blaise Lobo  Saraswati P. Masti  Shivayogi Narasagoudr 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(7):1490-1499

Cobaltous sulfate heptahydrate (CoSO₄·7H₂O) was incorporated as filler into diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) based epoxy resin system, to prepare organic-inorganic polymer hybrid materials. Mechanical tensile studies and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were carried out in order to study the static and dynamic mechanical properties of the prepared hybrid films. Mechanical tensile studies were carried out at room temperature, at a test speed of 30 mm/min. Highest tensile strength of 24.74±2.42 MPa was achieved for 4.44 wt% filler level (FL), along with an increase in the value of Young’s modulus. Storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″), damping factor (tan δ) were obtained by DMA studies. Glass transition temperature (T_g) was obtained for pure epoxy and filled epoxy, for various FLs varying from 0.28 wt% to 5.00 wt%. Pure epoxy showed highest T_g value compared to filled epoxy hybrids. Highest storage modulus of 9.5 GPa was obtained for 2.22 wt% FL, which also showed highest loss modulus peak. Parameters like effectiveness coefficient (C) and crosslink density were calculated from the storage modulus data. Loss modulus and tan δ curves were analyzed to study the energy dissipation properties of prepared hybrid films. Activation energy (E_a) value for glass transition was obtained from damping factor (tan δ), which showed highest E_a value of 630.5 kJmol^-1, for 4.44 wt% FL. DMA studies for various FLs were carried out at different test frequencies in order to study the changes in dynamic mechanical properties of the prepared hybrid materials with respect to frequency  相似文献   

Screening of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Sargassum ilicifolium Crude Lipid Extracts from Different Coastal Areas in Indonesia     

Saraswati  Puspo Edi Giriwono  Diah Iskandriati  Nuri Andarwulan 《Marine drugs》2021,19(5)

Sargassum brown seaweed is reported to exhibit several biological activities which promote human health, such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of crude lipid extracts of Sargassum ilicifolium obtained from four different coastal areas in Indonesia, namely Awur Bay–Jepara (AB), Pari Island–Seribu Islands (PI), Sayang Heulang Beach–Garut (SHB), and Ujung Genteng Beach–Sukabumi (UGB). Results showed that treatment of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells with UGB and AB crude lipid extracts (12.5–50 µg/mL) significantly suppressed the nitric oxide production after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, both in pre-incubated and co-incubated cell culture model. The anti-inflammatory effect was most marked in the pre-incubated cell culture model. Both two crude lipid extracts showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and high ferric reducing antioxidant power, which were amounted to 36.93–37.87 µmol Trolox equivalent/g lipid extract and 681.58–969.81 µmol FeSO₄/g lipid extract, respectively. From this study, we can conclude that crude lipid extract of tropical S. ilicifolium can be further developed as a source of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.  相似文献   

Inhibitory Potential of Acroptilon repens against Key Enzymes involved in Alzheimer and Diabetes,Phytochemical Profile,Radical Scavenging,and Antibacterial Activity     

Moslem Afsharnezhad  S. Shirin Shahangian  Behnam Rasti  Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi 《Iranian Biomedical Journal》2021,25(1):21

Background:This study was devoted to assessing the inhibitory potential of acetone, methanol, and ethanol extracts of Acroptilon repens against disease-associated enzymes, as well as their antioxidant/antibacterial activity and phytochemical composition. Methods:Comparative assessment using various antioxidant evaluation methods, including FRAP, scavenging ability on DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide, and RP, indicated that the acetone extract presented the highest antioxidant activity, due to its highest total antioxidant content. Results:The TPC and TFC of these extracts were 3.44 ± 0.32 mg GAE/g DW and 2.09 ± 0.2 mg QE/g DW, respectively. The hydrodistillation essential oil from A. repens was analyzed by GC/MS, and 17 compounds were identified. All extracts showed good inhibitory activities against disease-related enzyme acetylcholinesterase and α-amylase, with the lowest IC₅₀ for acetonic extract. Extracts of A. repens exhibited inhibiting activities against the Gram-positive bacteria, with the most effect of acetone extract. Conclusion:Our findings suggest A. repens as a promising source of natural antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-cholinesterase and anti-amylase agents for the management of oxidative damage, and pharmaceutical, food, and cosmeceutical purposes. Key Words: Acroptilon repens, Antioxidants, Phytochemicals  相似文献