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Passive transfer of antibodies to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26, O111 and O157 antigens in neonatal calves by feeding colostrum 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Widiasih DA Matsuda I Omoe K Hu DL Sugii S Shinagawa K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):213-215
To study whether or not passive immunity of neonatal calves against Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O26, O111, and O157 was obtained by colostrum administration, serum antibodies in calves after the feeding were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in comparison with antibodies in colostrum and sera from donor dams. The highest antibody titers to STEC in colostrum from dams were detected soon after parturition. The antibody titers were found to be elevated in sera of neonatal calves (4-9 hr after birth) orally administered with colostrum with high antibody titers, suggesting that passive immunity of neonatal calves to STEC infection may be obtained by feeding colostrum. These results suggest that colostrum administration to neonatal calves may play an important role in elevating serum antibodies against STEC in neonatal calves. 相似文献
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Periodic swarming by adult train millipedes Parafontaria laminata (Attems, 1909) occurs in central Japan on an 8-year cycle, and the emergence of new adults is highly predictable. Millipede biomass reaches a maximum and feeding habits change upon the emergence of adults. Larvae are geophagous while adults feed on both litter and soil. We hypothesized that the shift in the developmental stages of P. laminata influenced the carbon dynamics in the soil and conducted a field mesocosm experiment in a larch plantation forest over 2 years (1999 and 2000) using three developmental stages: sixth- and seventh-instar larvae and adults. By experimentally manipulating millipede density at four levels, we obtained the following results: larvae were geophagous, while adults consumed both litter and soil (mixed-feeding) and consequently showed stronger density effects on litter decomposition rates than larvae; adult activities in the high-density treatment increased soil microbial biomass but not at low adult densities or at the larval stages; and adults increased the carbon accumulation in soil layers especially at high densities due to their mixed-feeding on litter and soil. We determined that due to synchronized postembryonic development with high densities and changes in feeding habits, the train millipede periodically sequestered carbon in this forest. 相似文献
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Tony Hadibarata Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff Risky Ayu Kristanti 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):4669-4677
The decolorization of the recalcitrant dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) by the culture filtrate of Polyporus sp. S133 and the effect of various environmental factors were investigated. Both biodegradation and biosorption were playing an important role in bioremoval mechanisms. The highest biosorption of RBBR in Polyporus sp. S133 was shown by all carbon sources such as sucrose, glucose, fructose, and starch. No biosorption was shown by the addition of aromatic compounds and metal ions; 97.1?% RBBR decolorization was achieved in 120-rpm culture for 96?h, as compared to 49.5?% decolorization in stationary culture. Increasing the shaking rotation of the culture to more than 120?rpm was proven to give a negative effect on decolorization. The highest production of laccase was shown at pH 4 and constantly decreases when the pH level increases. The addition of glucose, ammonium tartrate, Cu2+, and protocatechuic acid was the suitable environmental condition for RBBR decolorization. There was a positive relationship between all environmental conditions and laccase production in the decolorization of RBBR. 相似文献
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Functional traits of organisms often depend on their developmental stages during growth. However, whether the ecological functions of organisms change at different developmental stages remains poorly understood, especially for soil animals. The train millipede, Parafontaria laminata, which has a synchronised life cycle, often dominates in soil invertebrate communities in central Japan. Because adults of this species are litter-feeders and larvae are soil-feeders, we hypothesised that the train millipede assumes a different role in of the cycling of nitrogen (N) depending on its developmental stage. To determine the effects of P. laminata on N retention or loss in temperate forest soil, millipede density was manipulated in two mesocosm experiments using adult and larval millipedes. We found strong evidence that the effects of P. laminata on N dynamics differ between millipede developmental stages. Larvae enhanced N leaching, which was significantly higher in the high-density treatment than in treatments without millipedes (control). In contrast, adults did not affect N leaching, although high and intermediate adult density significantly increased soil N content compared to control and low-density treatments. Our results suggest that soil-feeding larvae promote soil N mineralisation, whereas litter-feeding adults inhibit N mineralisation, potentially sustaining N levels in the soil for at least the duration of our experimental period. Because natural populations of P. laminata exhibit high abundance and a synchronised life cycle at the landscape level, the soil-to-litter feeding shift that depends on P. laminata's developmental stage-of may cause large temporal variation in N dynamics in forest ecosystems compared to macrofauna-free systems. 相似文献
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Tony Hadibarata Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff Azmi Aris Salmiati Topik Hidayat Risky Ayu Kristanti 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(3):1045-1054
A newly isolated white-rot fungus, Armillaria sp. strain F022, was isolated from the decayed wood in a tropical rain forest. Strain F022 was capable of decolorizing a
variety of synthetic dyes, including azo, triphenylmethane, and anthraquinone dyes, with an optimal efficiency of decolorization
obtained when dyes added after 96 h of culture, with the exception of Brilliant Green. All of the tested dyes were decolorized
by the purified laccase in the absence of any redox mediators, but only a few were completely removed, while others were not
completely removed even when decolorization time was increased. The laccase, with possible contributions from unknown enzymes,
played a role in the decolorization process carried out by Armillaria sp. F022 cultures, and this biosorption contributed a negligible part to the decolorization by cultures. The effect of dye
to fungal growth was also investigated. When dyes were added at 0 h of culture, the maximum dry mycelium weight (DMW) values
in the medium containing Brilliant Green were 1/6 of that achieved by the control group. For other dyes, the DMW was similar
with control. The toxic tolerance of dye for the cell beads was excellent at least up to a concentration of 500 mg/l. The
optimum conditions for decolorization of three synthetic dyes are at pH 4 and 40°C. 相似文献
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Swarms of the train millipede (Parafontaria laminata) are known to occur every 8 years; during the swarms, adults emerging from the soil have an extremely high density in natural and plantation forests in central Japan. Their influence on organic layer accumulation on forest floors was investigated under field conditions in plantation larch forests in central Japan, before and after the adult swarming period of 2000. In addition, the adult millipede feeding preference and the amount of food consumed were observed in the laboratory. The field density of adults ranged from 11 to 311 individuals m−2 in October 2000; the highest biomass was 28.6±16.4 g dry wt m−2. Reduction of the forest floor organic layer was density- dependent when the population consisted of 7th instar larvae; however, the adult population did not consume in a density-dependent manner. Higher levels of geophagy were observed in high-density treatments in the laboratory. We hypothesized that the geophagy of the millipedes was partly supported by the naturally high organic matter content of Andosol, and that soil consumption would sustain an extremely high biomass in a temperate conifer forest soil. 相似文献
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Anom Bowolaksono Muhammad Fauzi Ayu Mulia Sundari Anantya Pustimbara Retno Lestari Abinawanto Astari Dwiranti Fadhillah 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(5):744-753
The fate of the corpus luteum, a transient endocrine gland formed and degraded during an oestrous cycle, is decided by various physiological factors, such as luteinizing hormone (LH). As a stimulator of progesterone, LH is known to maintain corpus luteum functional and structural integrity by inhibiting apoptosis, a programmed cell death. Therefore, we aim to investigate its action during the mid-luteal phase hypothesized that LH suppresses the death mechanism of bovine luteal steroidogenic cells (LSC) by analysing the expression of proteins involved. Cultured bovine LSC obtained from corpus luteum were treated for 24 hr with recombinant TNF and IFNG in the presence or absence of LH. The result showed that LH proved to have a protective effect by increased cell viability (p < .05) and prevented DNA fragmentation (p < .05), as demonstrated by the WST-1 colorimetric assay and TUNEL assay. Expression analysis of mRNA and protein levels showed that LH altered the expression of BCL2 (p < .05), CASP3 (p < .05), FAS (p < .05), and BAX (p < .05) to support cell survival. In conclusion, our study suggests that LH prolongs the corpus luteum life span through the anti-apoptotic mechanism by increasing cell viability and suppressing apoptosis-related genes and protein expression. 相似文献