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G. A. Batalova S. N. Shevchenko E. M. Lisitsyn M. V. Tulyakova I. I. Rusakova V. A. Zheleznikova T. P. Gradoboeva 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2018,44(1):1-4
To breed ecologically resistant varieties, it is necessary to determine breeding methods and their sequence and combinations, i.e., to develop a methodology. In 2003, hybrid material of covered oats was obtained on 76 cross combinations. In 2008–2009, 345 of the best elite plants were selected, and further selection was made under different ecologic conditions: sufficient or excess humidification and drought on neutral and aluminum-acid sod-podzolic soils (Kirov region), short growing season on sod-podzolic soils (Udmurt Republic), on dark-grey heavy loam forest soils (Chuvash Republic), and drought on middle-loam chernozem (Samara region). Screening on disease resistance and improving selection under field and laboratory conditions was performed. As a result, the new, adaptive variety Berber was passed into State Varietal Test in 2016. The variety combines high productivity (7.8 t/ha) and valuable grain quality: test weight 608 g/L, huskiness 26.3%, raw protein content 13.87%, raw fat content 3.18%, and resistance to loose smut and crown rust. 相似文献
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Yu. G. Maksimova E. S. Rusakova I. I. Tolpeshta T. A. Sokolova K. Yu. Bliznetsov P. A. Mokrousova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2012,67(2):79-84
In samples taken from the AE-horizon of podzolic soil in the rhizosphere of spruce and the area external to it, the general chemical parameters and buffering to acid and base were determined by continuous potentiometric titration. It was found that the rhizosphere soil is characterized by significantly (at P = 0.9) higher general buffering to the base as compared than is that outside the rhizosphere zone due to increased pH values in the range of 9 to 10. This is explained by the large amount of organic matter, and probably mobile compounds of iron and aluminum, in it. During titration by the base, it is assumed that the main buffer reactions in this pH range are deprotonation of phenol hydroxides of specific and nonspecific organic acids, as well as of surface hydroxyl groups of minerals of iron hydroxides, and increase in the basicity of Fe- and Alorganic complexes. 相似文献
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G.?A.?BatalovaEmail author S.?N.?Shevchenko M.?V.?Tulyakova I.?I.?Rusakova V.?A.?Zheleznikova E.?M.?Lisitsyn 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2016,42(6):407-410
Ecologically plastic naked oat Bekas, which combines high productivity (up to 5.63 t/ha) and grain quality (protein content up to 19.7%; fat content up to 6.7%; starch content up to 54.61%; test weight up to 712 g/L; kernel yield 95–98%; grain yield from sheaf up to 42.3%), was created using selective sampling under different natural conditions: the Northeast Agricultural Research Institute and Falenki Breeding Station (Kirov region), as well as Samara Agricultural Research Institute (Samara region). The grain is large—1000 grain mass is 26.9–29.1 g, grain size is 7–9 × 2.5–3.5 mm, and 2–6 grains are in a spikelet. The new variety is resistant to falling out, to helminthosporium leaf blotch and to crown rust in natural infectious background; it is tolerant to fruit fly. 相似文献
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The paper shows results of the investigation of quantitative parameters of changes in common and readily decomposable organic
matter in the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil under long-term use of straw of cereals and legumes as fertilizer for two 5-field
grain-row crop rotations. 相似文献
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G. A. Batalova R. Changzhong I. I. Rusakova N. V. Krotova 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2010,36(2):93-95
The results of joint research on breeding naked oats by the Rudnitskii Northeast Zonal Agricultural Research Institute (Russia)
and Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences (China) are given. Under conditions in China, the prospective Russian varieties
surpass the Chinese standard variety Baiyan No. 2 in panicle productivity. The efficiency of crosses of naked genotypes varies
from 2.6 to 57.9%. 相似文献
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T. A. Sokolova I. I. Tolpeshta E. S. Rusakova Yu. G. Maksimova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2013,68(4):154-163
An X-ray diffraction technique was used to study the composition of clay material from floodplain soddy- and mucky gley soils formed in the valleys of small streams in the reserve. The content of nonexpandable minerals was higher and the labile mineral content was lower in the fine fractions of the floodplain soils than in similar fractions of upland soils found in adjacent positions. Two types of disordered mixed-layered not found in upland soils-namely, illite-chlorites and chlorite-vermiculites with a variable proportion of individual layeres-were detected in the clay material. Both types of mixed-layer minerals are supposed to originate from stony fragments containing phyllosilicates of supergenic or post-magmatic origin. 相似文献
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E. S. Rusakova I. V. Ishkova I. I. Tolpeshta T. A. Sokolova 《Eurasian Soil Science》2012,45(5):503-513
The method of continuous potentiometric titration (CPT) of soil water suspensions was used to evaluate the acid-base buffering of samples from the major genetic horizons of podzolic soils on a slope and soddy gley soils on the adjacent floodplain of a rivulet. In the soils of the slope, the buffering to acid upon titration from the pH of the initial titration point (ITP) to pH 3 in all the horizons was 1.5?C2.0 times lower than that in the podzolic soils of the leveled interfluve, which could be due to the active leaching of exchangeable bases and oxalate-soluble aluminum and iron compounds with the later soil flows. In the soddy gley soils, the buffering to acid in the mineral horizons was 2?C10 times higher than that in the podzolic soils. A direct dependence of the soil buffering to acid on the total content of exchangeable bases and on the content of oxalate-soluble aluminum compounds was found. A direct dependence of the buffering to basic upon titration from the ITP to pH 10 on the contents of the oxalate-soluble aluminum and organic matter was observed in the mineral horizons of all the studied soils. The soil treatment with Tamm??s reagent resulted in the decrease of the buffering to acid in the soddy gley soils of the floodplain, as well as in the decrease of the buffering to basic in the soils on the slopes and in the soddy gley soils. It was also found that the redistribution of the mobile aluminum compounds between the eluvial, transitional, and transitional-accumulative positions in the undisturbed southern taiga landscapes leads to significant spatial differentiation of the acid-base buffering of the mineral soil horizons with a considerable increase in the buffer capacity of the soils within the transitional-accumulative terrain positions. 相似文献
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Eurasian Soil Science - Pavel Vladimirovich Ototsky was the founder and first editor of the Pochvovedenie journal. The article presents his biography and activity in science and organization of... 相似文献
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I. V. Ishkova E. S. Rusakova I. I. Tolpeshta T. A. Sokolova 《Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin》2010,65(3):99-106
Pale-podzolic soils occupying slope positions in a small stream valley are more acidic and contain less pedogenic chlorites
in the clay fraction than those soils occupying uplands. These characteristics are thought to be caused by more intensive
leaching of matter from eluvial horizons due to intensive lateral interflow of soil water. Soddy-gleyic soils of the stream
bottomland are rich in organic matter and have a slightly acidic reaction in the A1 horizon and an alkaline reaction in the
calcareous subsoil. Both factors lead to accumulation of Feox and Alox supplied to bottomland positions from uplands and slopes and those formed in situ. 相似文献
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The acid–base buffering of gleyic gray-humus soils developed in brook floodplains and undisturbed southern-taiga landscapes has been characterized by the continuous potentiometric titration of soil water suspensions. During the interaction with an acid, the major amount of protons (>80%) is consumed for the displacement of exchangeable bases and the dissolution of Ca oxalates. In the O and AY horizons, Mn compounds make the major contribution (2–15%) to the acid buffering. The buffer reactions with the participation of Al compounds make up from 0.5 to 1–2% of the total buffering capacity, and the protonation of the surface OH groups of kaolinite consumes 2–3% of the total buffering capacity. The deprotonation of OH groups on the surface of Fe hydroxides (9–43%), the deprotonation of OH groups on the surface of illite crystals (3–19%), and the dissolution of unidentified aluminosilicates (9–14%) are the most significant buffer reactions whose contributions have been quantified during the interaction with a base. The contribution of the deprotonation of OH groups on the surface of kaolinite particles is lower (1–5%) because of the small specific surface area of this mineral, and that of the dissolution of Fe compounds is insignificant. In the AY horizon, the acid and base buffering of soil in the rhizosphere is higher than beyond the rhizosphere because of the higher contents of organic matter and nonsilicate Fe and Al compounds. 相似文献
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