Soil organic carbon stock variability in the Northern Gangetic Plains of India: interaction between agro‐ecological characteristics and cropping systems          下载免费PDF全文

V. K. Singh  M. Rani  B. S. Dwivedi  S. K. Singh  V. K. Gupta  K. Majumdar  R. P. Mishra 《Soil Use and Management》2015,31(4):461-473

Soil organic carbon (SOC) content and its spatial distribution in the Northern Gangetic Plain (NGP) Zone of India were determined to establish the cause–effect relationship between agro‐ecological characteristics, prevailing crop management practices and SOC stock. Area Spread Index (ASI) approach was used to collect soil samples from the NGP areas supporting predominant cropping systems. Exponential ordinary kriging was found most suitable geo‐statistical model for developing SOC surface maps of the NGP. Predicted surface maps indicated that 43.7% area of NGP had 0.5–0.6% SOC, while the rest of the area was equally distributed with high (0.61–0.75%) and low (< 0.5%) SOC content levels. Averaged across cropping systems, maximum SOC content was recorded in Bhabar and Tarai Zone (BTZ), followed by Central Plain Zone (CPZ), Mid‐Western Plain Zone (MWPZ), Western Plain Zone (WPZ) and South‐Western Plain Zone (SWPZ) of the NGP. The SOC stock was above the optimum threshold (> 12.5 Mg/ha) in 97.8, 57.6 and 46.4% areas of BTZ, CPZ and MWPZ, respectively. Only 9.8 and 0.4% area of WPZ and SWPZ, respectively, had SOC stock above the threshold value. The variation in SOC stock was attributed largely to carbon addition through recycling of organic sources, cropping systems, tillage intensity, crop or residue cover and land‐use efficiency, nutrient‐use pattern, soil texture and prevailing ecosystem. Adoption of conservation agriculture, balanced use of nutrients, inclusion of legumes in cropping systems and agro‐forestry were suggested for enhancing SOC stock in the region.  相似文献   

Identification of genic SSRs in jute (Corchorus capsularis,Malvaceae) and development of markers for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes and regulatory genes          下载免费PDF全文

Pratik Satya  Avrajit Chakraborty  Sourav Jana  Snehalata Majumdar  Maya Karan  Debabrata Sarkar  Subhojit Datta  Jiban Mitra  Chandan S. Kar  Pran Gobinda Karmakar  Nagendra K. Singh 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):784-797

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First report of Calonectria cerciana causing leaf blight of Eucalyptus in northern India     

Ratnaboli Bose  Shailesh Pandey  Pooja Joshi  Sabyasachi Banerjee  Amit Pandey  Maneesh S. Bhandari 《Forest Pathology》2021,51(1):e12658

Eucalyptus spp. and their hybrids are frequently cloned and mass planted across farmland tracts and commercial plantations in northern India. It is a viable feeder species to the paper and pulp industries in this region. In 2018 and 2019, during field surveys conducted in northern India, a serious leaf blight disease was frequently observed in E. tereticornis plantations. Isolation from the blighted leaf samples consistently yielded fungal isolates having Calonectria‐like morphology. Morphological features coupled with sequence analysis of partial β‐tubulin (TUB2) and partial translation elongation factor‐alpha (TEF1) gene regions of two fungal isolates confirmed the species as Ca. cerciana. In detached leaf assays and glasshouse inoculation experiments, both isolates produced symptoms similar to those observed on the naturally infected leaves. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by re‐isolating Ca. cerciana from the inoculated leaves. This work is the first to confirm that Ca. cerciana is associated with a serious leaf blight disease of Eucalyptus in northern India and is an important addition to the taxonomy of Calonectria fungi in India.  相似文献   

A comparative account of the structure of the growth hormone encoding gene and genetic interrelationship in six species of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Labeo</Emphasis>     

R. Rajesh  K. C. Majumdar 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2007,33(4):311-333

The growth hormone (GH) gene isolated and cloned from various Labeo species (L. rohita, L. calbasu, L. fimbriatus, L. gonius, L. bata, and L. kontius) is shown to contain a single copy in the haploid genome, with an overall size of ∼2.5 kb. The GH gene in all the Labeo species studied has five exons and four introns of various sizes with the exon/intron boundary sequence of GT/AG. The length variation of the GH gene between the species is found to be due to length variation in the form of several deletions in the third intron. The length of individual exons is the same in all the species with an open reading frame (ORF) of 630 bp (210 amino acids) except in L. rohita, which has a 9 bp deletion in the fourth exon, resulting in a shorter GH of 621 bp (207 amino acids). The similarity in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences between the different Labeo species is greater than 97%, in spite of eight amino acids being altered in the GH protein of Labeo that reside outside the conserved domain sequence required for its function. Nucleotide substitutions are seen in the form of 20 transitions and three transversions in the ORF of the GH gene. Both types of transitions (A–G; T–C) and only one type of transversion (A–C) are detected in the GH gene. Codon preference in GH gene shows a strong preference for G and C in the wobble position of the codons. Genetic interrelationships determined between Labeo and other species of fishes using nucleotide sequence of GH cDNA supports the overall teleost classification of Nelson (Fishes of the World. Wiley, New York, 1984) with separate clades for Ostariophysi, Protacanthopterygii, and Acanthopterygii. Besides, the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) analysis clearly distinguishes between the species having five exons and four introns in the GH gene from the species having six exons and five introns in the same gene. The Labeo species analyzed in the present study could be clustered into two groups using the maximum-parsimony method on the intron sequences data of the GH gene.  相似文献   

Low stress mechanical properties of fabrics woven from bamboo viscose blended yarns     

Abhijit Majumdar  Sagar Baburao Pol 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(9):1985-1991

This paper presents the low stress mechanical properties of plain fabrics woven from cotton, bamboo viscose and cotton-bamboo viscose blended yarns. Three blends (100 % cotton, 50:50 cotton-bamboo and 100 % bamboo) were used to produce three yarn counts (20, 25 and 30 Ne). Each of these yarns was used to make fabrics with different pick densities (50, 60 and 70 picks per inch). It was found that bending rigidity, bending hysteresis, shear rigidity, shear hysteresis and compressibility is lower for bamboo fabrics as compared to those of 100 % cotton fabrics. On the other hand, extensibility, tensile energy and compressional resilience are higher for 100 % bamboo fabrics than 100 % cotton fabrics. Higher pick density increases linearity of load-elongation curve, bending rigidity, shear rigidity and compressional resilience. Shear and bending rigidities show very good correlation with the respective hysteresis values.  相似文献   

BOOK REVIEW: Soil Analysis. Edited by S. K. Singh,D. R. Biswas,C. A. Srinivasamurthy,S. P. Datta,G. Jayasree,P. Jha,S. K. Sharma,R. N. Katkar,K. P. Raverkar,A. K. Ghosh,Indian Society of Soil Science,New Delhi,India, 2019, pp. INR1400, ISBN 81-903797-8-X.     

Sabyasachi Majumdar  Laxmanarayanan Muruganantham  Kapudeep Karmakar  Prakash Nagabovanalli Basavarajappa 《European Journal of Soil Science》2022,73(4):e13259

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Effect of thyroid hormone depletion on monoamines and expression patterns of catfish GnRH in the air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus     

K. V. Sathya Sai Kumar  I. Swapna  Aparna Dutta Gupta  K. C. Majumdar  B. Senthilkumaran 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2005,31(2-3):189-192

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Arsenic Contamination in Rice, Wheat, Pulses, and Vegetables: A Study in an Arsenic Affected Area of West Bengal, India     

P. Bhattacharya  A. C. Samal  J. Majumdar  S. C. Santra 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,209(1-4):3-13

Water retention and transport in soils is dependent upon the surface tension of the aqueous phase. Surfactants present in aqueous solution reduce the surface tension of aqueous phase. In soil–water systems, this can result in water drainage and reductions in field capacity and hydraulic conductivity. In this investigation, the surface tension of surfactant solutions mixed with soil—in a constant fixed ratio—was measured as a function of surfactant concentration. Two anionic surfactants were used: sodium dodecyl sulphate and sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate. Two soils were also used—a clay soil and a sandy soil. The key observation made by this investigation was that the addition of soil to the surfactant solution provided a further component of surface tension reduction. Neither soil sample reduced the surface tension of water when surfactant was absent from the aqueous phase, though both soils released soil organic matter at low surfactant concentrations as shown by measurement of the chemical oxygen demand of the supernatant solutions. Furthermore, both surfactants were shown to be weakly adsorbed by soil as shown by the use of a methylene blue assay. It is therefore proposed that the additional reduction in surface tension arises from synergistic interactions between the surfactants and dissolved soil organic matter.  相似文献   

Materials science. Thermoelectricity in semiconductor nanostructures     

Majumdar A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,303(5659):777-778

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A process for controlling intracellular bacterial infections induced by membrane injury     

Roy D  Liston DR  Idone VJ  Di A  Nelson DJ  Pujol C  Bliska JB  Chakrabarti S  Andrews NW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5676):1515-1518

Strategies for inhibiting phagolysosome fusion are essential for the intracellular survival and replication of many pathogens. We found that the lysosomal synaptotagmin Syt VII is required for a mechanism that promotes phagolysosomal fusion and limits the intracellular growth of pathogenic bacteria. Syt VII was required for a form of Ca2+-dependent phagolysosome fusion that is analogous to Ca2+-regulated exocytosis of lysosomes, which can be triggered by membrane injury. Bacterial type III secretion systems, which permeabilize membranes and cause Ca2+ influx in mammalian cells, promote lysosomal exocytosis and inhibit intracellular survival in Syt VII +/+ but not -/- cells. Thus, the lysosomal repair response can also protect cells against pathogens that trigger membrane permeabilization.  相似文献