Pasteurella haemolytica A1 and Bovine Respiratory Disease: Pathogenesis     

Laurence O. Whiteley DVM  PhD    Samuel K. Maheswaran BVSc  PhD    Douglas J. Weiss DVM  PhD    Trevor R. Ames DVM  MS  Mathur S. Kannan BVSc  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(1):11-22

The severe fibrinonecrotic pneumonia associated with pneumonic pasteurellosis usually results from colonization of the lower respiratory tract by Pasteurella haemolytica biotype A, serotype 1(A1). Despite recent research efforts, the authors lack a detailed understanding of the interactions and host response to P. haemolytica in the respiratory tract. The authors hypothesize that management and environmental stress factors or viral infection alters the upper respiratory tract (URT) epithelium allowing P. haemolytica to colonize the epithelium. Once the URT is colonized, large numbers of organisms enter the lung where they interact with alveolar macrophages. Endotoxin, released from the bacteria, crosses the alveolar wall where it activates pulmonary intravascular macrophages, endothelium, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, complement, and Hageman factor leading to complex interactions of cells and mediators. It is the progression of this inflammatory response with neutrophil influx that is ultimately responsible for the pulmonary injury. Leukotoxin is a major virulence factor of P. haemolytica that allows it to survive by destroying phagocytic cells. At subcytolytic concentrations it may also enhance the inflammatory response by activating cells to produce mediators and release reactive oxygen metabolites and proteases.  相似文献   

IOHEXOL AND IOPAMIDOL MYELOGRAPHY IN THE DOG: A CLINICAL TRIAL COMPARING ADVERSE EFFECTS AND MYELOGRAPHIC QUALITY     

William R.  Widmer  DVM  MS  William E.  Blevins  DVM  MS  Samuel  Jakovljevic  DVM  MS  Robert F.  Teclaw  DVM  PhD  Connie M.  Han  RVT  Cheryl D.  Hurd  RVT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1992,33(6):327-333

In a blind clinical trial, adverse effects after iohexol and iopamidol myelography were evaluated in 151 dogs. Eighty-one dogs were given iohexol (240 mgI/ml) and 70 dogs were given iopamidol (200 mgI/ml) by pre-determined assignment. Each dog was evaluated postmyelographically for seizures, hyperthermia, prolonged recovery from anesthesia and intensification of pre-existing neural signs. Myelographic quality was evaluated with a subjective scoring method. In comparing iohexol and iopamidol groups, there was not a statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects or in myelographic quality. Iopamidol and iohexol appeared to be equally efficacious for routine canine myelography.  相似文献   

IMAGES IN MEDICINE     

Samuel  Jakovljevic  DVM  MSc  DVR  Nicole  MacLaren  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(5):457-457

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Endoscopic sex determination and gonadal manipulation in Gulf of Mexico sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi).     

Stephen J Hernandez-Divers  Robert S Bakal  Brian H Hickson  Clarence A Rawlings  Heather G Wilson  MaryAnn Radlinsky  Sonia M Hernandez-Divers  Samuel R Dover 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2004,35(4):459-470

Seventeen Gulf of Mexico sturgeons (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) underwent endoscopic sex determination, gonadal biopsy, and various reproductive surgeries as part of a conservation development plan. The fish were anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) buffered with sodium bicarbonate and maintained on a recirculating water anesthesia circuit. A 6-mm Ternamian EndoTip Cannula, placed through the ventral midline, midway between pectoral and pelvic fins, permitted the introduction of a 5-mm telescope. Swim bladder aspiration and CO2 insufflation of the coelomic cavity provided excellent observation. Second and third cannulae were placed under direct visual control, lateral and cranial or caudal to the telescope cannula. Sex determination was successfully performed in all fish; however, five of 17 sturgeons (29%) required endoscopic gonadal biopsy to confirm sex. Bilateral ovariectomy or orchidectomy was successfully performed in three males and four females. Unilateral ovariectomy and bilateral ligation of the müllerian ducts using an extracorporeal suturing technique was accomplished in an additional three females. No apparent morbidity was associated with the anesthesia or endoscopic surgery in any fish. The ability to safely perform minimally invasive reproductive surgery in fish may have important management and conservation benefits.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Cold Tolerance in NERICAs Compared with Japanese Standard Rice Varieties at the Reproductive Stage          下载免费PDF全文

C. M. Wainaina  Y. Inukai  P. W. Masinde  E. M. Ateka  H. Murage  M. Kano‐Nakata  Y. Nakajima  T. Terashima  Y. Mizukami  M. Nakamura  T. Nonoyama  N. Saka  S. Asanuma  A. Yamauchi  H. Kitano  J. Kimani  D. Makihara 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(6):461-472

New Rice for Africa (NERICA) is a general name for interspecific rice varieties derived from a cross between the high‐yielding Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) between locally adapted African rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud.). Eight NERICAs were evaluated for cold tolerance (CT) at the reproductive stage and compared with their O. sativa parents and three Japanese standard rice varieties over 3 years. Cold tolerance was evaluated based on the filled grain ratio (FGR) after cold water irrigation. The FGR was greatly reduced by cold water irrigation. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 had higher FGR (51.9–57.9 %), while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 had lower FGR (6.2–14.5 %). NERICA 1, 2 and 7 were less affected by cold stress, with a 31 % mean reduction in FGR, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 were greatly affected, with their FGRs being reduced by more than 80 %. NERICA 3 and 4 were moderately affected by cold stress, with about 45 % reduction rate in FGR. FGR significantly influenced the grain weights of the varieties with strong positive correlations (r = 0.83–0.91; P < 0.001), and thus, similar trends in grain weights were observed. Grain weights were reduced by 61.7–96.4 % under cold stress. NERICA 1, 2 and 7 showed significantly better performance than NERICA 3 and 4, while NERICA 6, 15 and 16 performed poorly under cold water irrigation. The Japanese varieties Koshihikari (very tolerant) and Ozora (moderately tolerant) were more affected by cold water irrigation than NERICA 1, 2 and 7. On the basis of the mean reduction rate (%) in FGR under cold stress, the varieties were classified as follows: NERICA 1, 2 and 7 as tolerant; NERICA 3 and 4 as moderately tolerant; and NERICA 6, 15 and 16 as susceptible to cold stress. However, NERICA 7 grain yields were lower under cold stress due to both greatly reduced number of panicles per plant and number of spikelets per panicle. Therefore, NERICA 1 and 2 are suitable candidates for production in the highland regions of East Africa and should be promoted for production.  相似文献   

Randomized controlled clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of intratumoral treatment of canine mast cell tumors with tigilanol tiglate (EBC‐46)     

Thomas R. De Ridder  Justine E. Campbell  Cheryl Burke‐Schwarz  David Clegg  Emily L. Elliot  Samuel Geller  Wendy Kozak  Stephen T. Pittenger  Jennifer B. Pruitt  Jocelyn Riehl  Julie White  Melissa L. Wiest  Chad M. Johannes  John Morton  Pamela D. Jones  Peter F. Schmidt  Victoria Gordon  Paul Reddell 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):415-429

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Letter to the Editor          下载免费PDF全文

Ronald Samuel Jones 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(5):586-586

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Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors and the intestine   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Little D  Jones SL  Blikslager AT 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(3):367-377

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have long been used for the treatment of pain and inflammation because of their inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase (COX). For almost as long as NSAIDs have been in use, multiple adverse effects have been noted. Assessment of many of these adverse effects have been complicated because of the discovery of multiple splice variants of the cox gene, and a greater array of COX inhibitors, especially the COX-2 selective inhibitors have become available. Some of these adverse effects cannot be readily explained by the effect of these drugs on COX. This has sparked a new field of investigation into the COX-independent effects of the COX inhibitors. The major noncyclooxygenase targets of the COX inhibitors of particular relevance to inflammation and the gastrointestinal tract are phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase Akt signaling, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, PPARgamma, nuclear factor KB, mitogen activated protein kinases, and heat shock proteins.  相似文献   

Spinal intramedullary aberrant Spirocerca lupi migration in 3 dogs     

Dvir E  Perl S  Loeb E  Shklar-Hirsch S  Chai O  Mazaki-Tovi M  Aroch I  Shamir MH 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(4):860-864

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Outbreak of shoot blight and dieback of Eucalyptus spp., caused by Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti in Brazil     

Edival Ângelo Valverde Zauza  Lúcio Mauro da Silva Guimarães  Nilza de Lima Pereira Sales  Samuel Alves dos Santos  Rafael Ferreira Alfenas  Acelino Couto Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(2):e12806

An outbreak of a new and severe disease was observed in Eucalyptus plantations of Bahia state, Brazil. An Ascomycota fungus has been frequently associated with the main symptoms of the disease namely leaf spot, branch cankers, shoot blight, defoliation, and dieback. Based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and TEF-1α genes), and pathogenicity test on Eucalyptus plants, Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti was identified as the causal agent of the disease. Although P. eucalytpi has been known from in Brazil since 1998, this is the first report of it causing severe disease and die-back on Eucalyptus spp. and we also record new symptoms associated with the pathogen.  相似文献