Matrix metalloproteinase‐2, ‐7, and ‐9 activities in dogs with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis compared to healthy dogs and dogs with other respiratory diseases     

Merita Mtt  Henna P. Laurila  Saila Holopainen  Kaisa Aaltonen  Liisa Lilja‐Maula  Sanna Viitanen  Minna M. Rajamki 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):462-471

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Low-CO2 Energy Pathways versus Emission Control Policies in Acidification Reduction     

Sanna Syri  Niko Karvosenoja 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,130(1-4):1831-1836

Integrated assessment models were applied to analyze the side-benefits of structural changes in the energy systems of Finland and the EU to reduce acidity critical load exceedances in Finland. The acidification reduction potential of structural measures, induced by the need to restrict carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, was compared with international agreements limiting acidifying emissions. The impacts of the UN/ECE Gothenburg protocol and the European Commission's proposal for a National Emission Ceilings (NEC) Directive were assessed together with domestic and bilateral policy scenarios. The study utilized point-source emission databases of Finland and the neighboring areas and a meso-scale deposition model together with the Europewide transfer matrices of the EMEP/MSC-W and European emission scenarios of IIASA. Further technical reduction measures in the adjacent large sulfur emission sources in Russia would reduce considerably deposition to nearby Finnish areas. Energy saving and shifts in the EU energy system towards less carbon-intensive fuels instead of further technical emission controls were found to have significant potential in limiting acidifying deposition. Implementation of the Kyoto protocol in the EU could reduce the Finnish areas at risk of acidification more than the Gothenburg protocol and the NEC Directive together.  相似文献   

Crystal structure of a lipid G protein-coupled receptor     

Hanson MA  Roth CB  Jo E  Griffith MT  Scott FL  Reinhart G  Desale H  Clemons B  Cahalan SM  Schuerer SC  Sanna MG  Han GW  Kuhn P  Rosen H  Stevens RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6070):851-855

The lyso-phospholipid sphingosine 1-phosphate modulates lymphocyte trafficking, endothelial development and integrity, heart rate, and vascular tone and maturation by activating G protein-coupled sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors. Here, we present the crystal structure of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 fused to T4-lysozyme (S1P(1)-T4L) in complex with an antagonist sphingolipid mimic. Extracellular access to the binding pocket is occluded by the amino terminus and extracellular loops of the receptor. Access is gained by ligands entering laterally between helices I and VII within the transmembrane region of the receptor. This structure, along with mutagenesis, agonist structure-activity relationship data, and modeling, provides a detailed view of the molecular recognition and requirement for hydrophobic volume that activates S1P(1), resulting in the modulation of immune and stromal cell responses.  相似文献   

Recurrent bacterial pneumonia in Irish Wolfhounds: Clinical findings and etiological studies     

Sanna J. Viitanen  Anu K. Lappalainen  Ninna M. Koho  Tiina Pessa‐Morikawa  Lorenzo Ressel  Minna M. Rajamki 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):846-855

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Mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium marinum in reared mullets: first evidence from Sardinia (Italy)          下载免费PDF全文

E Antuofermo  A Pais  M Polinas  T Cubeddu  M Righetti  M A Sanna  M Prearo 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(3):327-337

Mycobacterium marinum is a slow‐growing non‐tuberculous mycobacterium, and it is considered the most common aetiologic agent of mycobacteriosis in wild and cultured fish. The diagnosis is principally made by histology when positive Ziehl–Neelsen stain granulomas are detected. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of mycobacteriosis in extensively cultured Mugilidae of two lagoons (Cabras and San Teodoro) from Sardinia by the use of histology, microbiology, PCR and DNA sequencing. Nine of 106 mullets examined were affected by mycobacteriosis, and the spleen was the most affected organ. The histology detected higher rate (100%) of infection in spleen than the culture and PCR (75% and 62.5%, respectively). The sequencing of hsp65 gene identified M. marinum as the primary cause of mycobacteriosis in the mullets examined. Mullets affected by mycobacteriosis were mainly fished in the San Teodoro lagoon characterized by critical environmental conditions. Histology remains the most common method in detecting fish affected by mycobacteriosis, and PCR‐based methods are essential for species identification. Our finding are worthy of attention because mycobacteriosis caused by M. marinum in reared mullets was evidenced for the first time in Sardinia, suggesting that this disease may be underestimated also in other cultured fish species.  相似文献   

Bioaccumulation of ivermectin from natural and artificial sediments in the benthic organism <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lumbriculus variegatus</Emphasis>     

Tineke Slootweg  Michel Alvinerie  Philipp Egeler  Daniel Gilberg  Jussi V. K. Kukkonen  Jörg Oehlmann  Carsten Prasse  Arto J. Sormunen  Markus Liebig 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(8):1611-1622

Purpose  

Although ivermectin is a widely used lipophilic parasiticide, data on its potential bioaccumulation in aquatic invertebrates are scarce. In this study, bioaccumulation patterns of radiolabeled ³H-ivermectin from sediments into tissues of the sediment-dwelling worm Lumbriculus variegatus were investigated and assessed.  相似文献   

Positional distribution of conjugated linoleic acid in triacylglycerol of Saccharomyces cerevisiae     

Jaakola S  Vahvaselkä M  Laakso S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(15):5611-5616

Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cultivated in the presence of cis-9,trans-11 or trans-10,cis-12 isomers of free conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and the effects of the isomers on the regioisomerisms of triacylglycerol (TAG) of the yeast were elucidated. Both isomers constituted about 34% of all fatty acids and increased drastically the number of different TAG species. Nearly all of the species contained CLA in at least one sn-position. In the most abundant species analyzed (20% of total species), the cis-9,trans-11 isomer appeared in combination with monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1, C:18:1) whereas trans-10,cis-12 isomer was most frequently present with a medium chain fatty acid (C10:0 or C12:0) in the sn-2 position and C16:0 in one of the end positions (14% of total species). With either isomer, the amount of TAG species in which CLA encompassed all sn-positions was ca. 4%. Thus, S. cerevisiae can be used to produce edible single cell oil characterized by very heterogeneous distribution of CLA among the different TAG species.  相似文献   

Comparing floristic composition in treefall gaps of certified, conventionally managed and natural forests of northern Honduras     

Mari Kukkonen  Stefan Hohnwald 《Annals of Forest Science》2009,66(8):809-809

? Forest certification sets requirements for minimizing the impacts of logging on the natural structure and floristic composition of forests.

? We assessed the impact of certification by comparing the floristic composition of 52 taxa of trees and shrubs in the treefall gaps of certified, conventionally managed and protected forests in northern Honduras.

? The highest abundance of light-benefiting taxa was found in certified forests, whereas conventionally managed forests were floristically more similar to natural forests. The environmental conditions measured in certified gaps were not favourable for a natural forest floristic composition.

? Past logging may have altered the species composition in certified forests relatively more than in conventionally managed forests. This implies that the need for restoration operations should be considered in certification requirements, along with landscape-level planning to enhance post-logging recovery.

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Single nucleotide polymorphisms found in the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis (Gigartinales): new markers for population and conservation genetic analyses     

Sanna Olsson  Helena Korpelainen 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2013,23(3):460-467

Release of Carbon in Different Molecule Size Fractions from Decomposing Boreal Mor and Peat as Affected by Enchytraeid Worms     

Mari Lappalainen  Marjo Palviainen  Jussi V.K. Kukkonen  Heikki Setälä  Sirpa Piirainen  Tytti Sarjala  Harri Koivusalo  Leena Finér  Samuli Launiainen  Ari Laurén 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(7):240

Terrestrial export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to watercourses has increased in boreal zone. Effect of decomposing material and soil food webs on the release rate and quality of DOC are poorly known. We quantified carbon (C) release in CO₂, and DOC in different molecular weights from the most common organic soils in boreal zone; and explored the effect of soil type and enchytraeid worms on the release rates. Two types of mor and four types of peat were incubated in laboratory with and without enchytraeid worms for 154 days at +?15 °C. Carbon was mostly released as CO₂; DOC contributed to 2–9% of C release. The share of DOC was higher in peat than in mor. The release rate of CO₂ was three times higher in mor than in highly decomposed peat. Enchytraeids enhanced the release of CO₂ by 31–43% and of DOC by 46–77% in mor. High molecular weight fraction dominated the DOC release. Upscaling the laboratory results into catchment level allowed us to conclude that peatlands are the main source of DOC, low molecular weight DOC originates close to watercourse, and that enchytraeids substantially influence DOC leaching to watercourse and ultimately to aquatic CO₂ emissions.  相似文献