Evaluation of Populus deltoides clones under nursery,field and agrisilviculture system in subhumid tropics of Central India     

Puri  S.  Swamy  S.L.  Jaiswal  A.K. 《New Forests》2002,23(1):45-61

Populus deltoides Bartr., a native of North America, is generally grown in India above latitude 28 °N. One hundred and six clones were evaluated for four years at Raipur situated at 21°12N latitude and 81°36E longitude. These were grown on vertisol soil. Based on growth and survival performance in the nursery for two successive years, nineteen clones were selected for field evaluation. The best five clones (G3, G48, 65/27, D121 and S7C1) were planted in an agrisilviculture system at a spacing of 4 × 4 m with soybean grown as an intercrop. After 4 years these clones had an increment of DBH by 66.5 to 77.5% and of height by 42.2 to 78.6% within one year when compared to that observed at 3 years of age. In rank order of growth the best five clones were 65/27 > G3 > D121 > G48 > S7C1. Total biomass varied between 20.9 to 35.8 Mg ha^–1 in different clones. Among the tree components, stemwood accounted for 52–61% of the total biomass, followed by branches (20–25%), bark (9–13%) and leaves (7–10%). No significant variation between net primary productivity and photosynthetic efficiency was found in different clones. Soybean productivity decreased as the trees aged, reaching 40.5 to 58.1% in 4-year-old trees.  相似文献   

Variation amongst protoplast-derived moth bean Vigna aconitifolia plants     

I. D. Arya  Sarita Arya  D. V. Rao  N. S. Shekhawat 《Euphytica》1990,49(1):33-38

Summary Protoplasts were isolated from leaves of a single plant of Vigna aconitifolia, a drought resistant grain legume. The protoplasts regenerated and formed colony and calli from which 50 entire plants were regenerated and transferred to field conditions. Only 7 plants survived upto maturity and they flowered and produced pods with seed. The protoplast derived plants showed variation in important characters. Two groups of characters (one with 7 sets and another with 6 sets) were studied in the protoclones. In first group protoclones showed variations in seed germination, maturity age, pod length, pod and seed colour, number of abortive seed per pod and response to field rots, however, not much difference was recorded in pollen stainability and meiotic behaviour in these protoclones. In second group analysis of variants showed significance difference for plant height, rachis-length, length and breadth of mature odd leaflets, seed per pod and weight of seed. The results indicate that protoplast can be source of variation in this crop. However, detailed biochemical and genetical analysis of protoclones are required.  相似文献   

A high temperature/low oxygen pulse improves cold storage disinfestation   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Christian Chervin  Sarita Kulkarni  Simone Kreidl  Fiona Birrell  DeAnn Glenn 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》1997,10(3):239-245

Short periods of elevated temperature under controlled atmospheres (CA) effectively control insect pests. Cold treatment is also an effective non-chemical disinfestation process. If synergistic effects can be found by combining treatments, these may provide opportunities for cost reduction. Tests were performed to evaluate the tolerance of Packham's Triumph pears (Pyrus communis L.) to a range of temperatures (30–40 °C) combined with low oxygen (O₂ < 1 kPa). Treatment duration was 16–48 h and was followed by 1 month storage at 0 °C under air. When held at 30 °C, pears withstood up to 30 h of hypoxia. After cold storage, pears ripened slightly faster than controls but were undamaged. A temperature of 35 °C induced slight skin browning, and 40 °C resulted in substantial skin blackening. Some treatments were also tested on survival of lightbrown apple moth (LBAM), Epiphyas postvittana (Walker). All developmental stages were subjected to either 16 h at 30 °C, or 16 h under hypoxia, or 1 month at 0 °C, or a combination of the three treatments. With all treatments combined, all eggs, larvae and adults were killed. Only 4% of the pupae produced adults and combined treatments led to an increase in pupa mortality of 38%. A combined treatment (tolerated by pears) consisting of 30 h at 30 °C under low O₂ plus 1 month cold storage under air, killed 100% of LBAM pupae, and 100% of 5th instar larvae of both codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck). Implementation of such treatments would not require substantial investments for fruit industries equipped with CA storage facilities.  相似文献   

Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Pittenger MF  Mackay AM  Beck SC  Jaiswal RK  Douglas R  Mosca JD  Moorman MA  Simonetti DW  Craig S  Marshak DR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,284(5411):143-147

Human mesenchymal stem cells are thought to be multipotent cells, which are present in adult marrow, that can replicate as undifferentiated cells and that have the potential to differentiate to lineages of mesenchymal tissues, including bone, cartilage, fat, tendon, muscle, and marrow stroma. Cells that have the characteristics of human mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from marrow aspirates of volunteer donors. These cells displayed a stable phenotype and remained as a monolayer in vitro. These adult stem cells could be induced to differentiate exclusively into the adipocytic, chondrocytic, or osteocytic lineages. Individual stem cells were identified that, when expanded to colonies, retained their multilineage potential.  相似文献   

Biochemical changes in duck weed after cadmium treatment. Enhancement in senescence     

Alaka Srivastava  V. S. Jaiswal 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1990,50(1-2):163-170

The effect of Cd on biochemical changes in the free floating duck weed (Spirodela polyrrhiza L. SP₂₀) was studied. Cadmium enhanced senescence; enzymes like peroxidase, protease and phosphatases, which are known as a marker of senescence, were increased after Cd treatment. Nitrate reductase activity was also increased. With increasing Cd levels, Ca, Mg, and Zn concentrations in the plant were decreased while the Fe concentration was increased.  相似文献   

A phenetic analysis and lateral key of the genus Lolium (Gramineae)     

Sarita Jane Bennett 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1997,44(1):63-72

88 herbarium specimens of the genus Lolium were scored for 22 characters, comprising 7 vegetative, 8 inflorescence and 7 seed characters. The aim was to review the species relationship and to produce a lateral key to the genus. The data were analysed using principal components analysis, discriminant function analysis and cluster analysis. All analyses separated L. perenne, L. multiflorum and L. temulentum from each other. The 2 varieties of L. rigidum showed varying degrees of separation from each other and from L. multiflorum. Their distinction as a species and as 2 varieties is discussed. L. perenne and L. rigidum were shown to contain the greatest similarity between species and L. temulentum was found to be the most distinct. A lateral key is proposed that separates the species on the basis of 11 morphological characters that are easily scored in the field.  相似文献   

Multi-Block Data Modeling for Characterization of Soil Contamination: A Case Study     

Kunwar P. Singh  Amrita Malik  Sarita Sinha  Vinod K. Singh 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,185(1-4):79-93

Multi-block (heavy metals, pesticides, physico-chemical parameters) data set pertaining to the soils of alluvium region in Indo-Gangetic plains was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple factor analysis (MFA) methods to delineate the contaminated sites and to identify the possible contamination sources in the study region. In normal PCA, the first three factors were dominated mainly by heavy metals, pesticides and physico-chemical variables, respectively, thus identifying samples/sites contaminated with these. The MFA results, due to its unique weighting scheme of variables of different blocks extracted, to more realistic information about the spatial distribution of samples and relationships among the variables. MFA minimized the influence of variables of one single block on the first few components, allowing variables of all blocks equally to share the common MFA space. This resulted in delineating the sites/regions contaminated with variables (Al, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Na, SO₄, aldrin, lindane, HCB, HCH, DDT, and endosulfan) of all the blocks, rather than by particular block variables as in case of normal PCA, where, the variables of single block dominate the first factors, suppressing other block variables. MFA which can be considered as a method for standardization of the multi-block variables was successfully applied to the three block data set of soils.  相似文献   

Association mapping for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

V. Jaiswal  R. R. Mir  A. Mohan  H. S. Balyan  P. K. Gupta 《Euphytica》2012,188(1):89-102

Association mapping was undertaken in common wheat to identify markers associated with pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST). For this purpose, a population of 242 wheat genotypes and 250 SSR markers were used. The population used consisted of diverse germplasm, which carried sufficient phenotypic variation for PHS for conducting association mapping. The population was found to be structured and stratified into 15 sub-populations; the tolerant and moderately tolerant wheat genotypes were distributed in all the sub-populations. This feature of the population along with other information on population structure was used in association mapping using both the available models, the general linear model (GLM) and the mixed linear model (MLM); hopefully, this minimized the rate of false positives. As many as 30 markers were found to be associated with PHST, 26 markers with GLM and 17 markers with MLM; 13 markers were detected using both the approaches. Only eight SSR markers associated with QTL for PHST were such, which were located within the marker intervals that were earlier reported to carry QTLs for PHST. The remaining 22 markers that were found to be associated with PHST could not be associated with any of the genomic regions known to carry QTLs for PHST, which are known to occur on all the 42 chromosome arms of wheat genome.  相似文献   

Reaction norm analysis of pig growth using environmental descriptors based on alternative traits     

Sarita Zhe Ying Guy  Li Li  Peter Campbell Thomson  Susanne Hermesch 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2019,136(3):153-167

  相似文献   

Encapsulation of shoot tips of guava (Psidium guajava L.) for short-term storage and germplasm exchange     

Manoj K. Rai  V.S. JaiswalU. Jaiswal 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008

Shoot tips obtained from in vitro grown plantlets of guava (Psidium guajava L.) were encapsulated in calcium alginate beads for short-term storage and germplasm exchange. A gelling matrix of 3% sodium alginate and 100 mM calcium chloride was found most suitable for formation of ideal calcium alginate beads. Maximum percent response for conversion of encapsulated shoot tips into plantlets was obtained on growth regulator free full strength liquid MS medium. The regrowth ability of encapsulated shoot tips was affected by medium strength and sucrose concentrations in the medium. Encapsulated shoot tips could be stored at low temperature (4 °C) up to 30 days with a survival frequency of 25%. After 60 days of storage under minimal growth conditions (sucrose lacking medium), about 75% encapsulated shoot tips were converted into plantlets when subcultured on 3% sucrose containing medium. Plantlets regenerated from encapsulated shoot tips were acclimatized successfully.  相似文献