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Habsah A. Kadir Muhamad B. Zakaria Abdul A. Kechil Moh D. S. Azirun 《Pest management science》1989,25(4):329-335
The potential insecticidal activity of Spilanthes acmella Murr. (Compositae) extracts was assessed in this study. The extracts were shown to be toxic against adults of American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L. The active component in S. acmella extract was isolated and identified as N-isobutyl-2,6,8-decatrienamide (spilanthol). The results from topical application of spilanthol show that it has a high acute toxicity and spilanthol was the most potent compound when compared to three conventional insecticides. The potency was found to be 1.3, 2.6 and 3.8 times more toxic than carbaryl, bioresmethrin and lindane, respectively. Electrophysiological studies indicated immediate hyperexcitation followed by complete inhibition of the cockroach cercal nerve activity. 相似文献
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应用液剂定量直接喷布法,对两种蚜虫、棉红蜘蛛、家蝇进行多次室内速效触杀毒力测定,以及在温室进行的棉红蜘蛛残效测定初步表明:(1)乐果对两种蚜虫和棉红蜘蛛的速效触杀毒力均接近或超过 E-1059;对家蝇具有高度的触杀毒力。(2)甲基异 G-1059不论对两种蚜虫或棉红蜘蛛都表现很高的杀虫毒力。(3)甲基 K-1059和马拉硫磷对两种蚜虫和棉红蜘蛛毒力的都不够强。(4)三硫磷对棉红蜘蛛成虫也具有高度的触杀毒力,粗制原油的毒力强度接近 E-1059.三硫磷对棉红蜘蛛的残效相当好。(5)AC-3741对棉红蜘蛛成虫的速效触杀毒力也相当强,杀螨毒力强度约为 E-1059的一半;但对两种蚜虫的毒力不够强。 相似文献
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1960—1961年在北京对棉蚜、桃蚜、棉红蜘蛛及山楂红蜘蛛进行的田间药效试验表明:(1)乐果对两种蚜虫及两种红蜘蛛的速效或残效均接近或超过E-1059,在食用作物上的残毒期较短(7日),使用范围也较广。(2)马拉硫磷的杀蚜效力也较好,但不如乐果,杀螨效力不强。(3)三硫磷粗制原油的杀螨效力很突出:对棉红蜘蛛的速、残效接近或超出 E-1059,显著超过甲基 E-1059和马拉硫磷;对山楂红蜘蛛的速、残效也接近 E-1059,对两种红蜘蛛的残效都比较持久,但杀蚜效力较差,远不如乐果。(4)AC-3741也具有高度的杀螨效力,对棉红蜘蛛的毒杀效力超出甲基 E-1059和马拉硫磷,残效也较好。 相似文献
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C. C. Moh 《Euphytica》1971,20(1):119-125
Summary Seed-coat color is an important agronomic character to determine the marketability of a dry bean variety. People in a location have a specific preference for certain colors of beans. It is known that many black bean varieties are superior in disease resistance and yielding capacity, and because of their seed-coat color, the cultivation is restricted in many bean growing areas.By treating the seeds of black bean varieties with EMS or gamma rays, it is possible to induce a range of seed-coat colors from white, yellow, to grey brown. Coupled with the screening technique described in this paper, it is practicable to isolate the seed-coat color mutants which correlate with green hypocotyl color at a very early stage of seedling development. Genetic tests showed that the induced mutants are due to single genetic locus changes from dominant to recessive. Thus, by using mutation breeding technique, homozygous lines of seed-coat color mutants can be achieved in the second selfed generation. The advantages of using the induced mutation technique for seed-coat color breeding in beans, as compared with the conventional hybridization method, are discussed.This work was supported by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission under Contract AT (30-1)-2043. Publication No NYO-2043-214. 相似文献
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Kyi Moe Seinn Moh Moh Aung Zaw Htwe Takeo Yamakawa 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(15):1726-1739
We investigated the effects of poultry manures (PM) and cow manures (CM) using estimated mineralizable nitrogen (EMN) method on nitrate, nutrient content and growth parameters of komatsuna and compared with chemical fertilizer (CF) in an abandoned soil. We applied manures as EMN based on their total N content. The 100% of EMN by PM or CM enhanced dry matter (DM) but depressed nitrate content. The PM-Keifun (PMK) with total N (4.87%) produced greater growth parameters, DM, nutrient content and lower nitrate content but manures with total N (<2%) could not. The solo CF150 did not promote leaf number but increased nitrate and Na content. In conclusion, a higher total N (>4%) concentration of manure led to increase availability and nutrient contents, DM, and depressed nitrate content of komatsuna, comparable with solo CF in an abandoned soil. 相似文献
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Aung Zaw Htwe Seinn Moh Moh Kyi Moe Takeo Yamakawa 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2018,64(2):222-229
ABSTRACT Co-inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria with plant growth-promoting bacteria has become more popular than single inoculation of rhizobia or plant-growth-promoting bacteria because of the synergy of these bacteria in increasing soybean yield and nitrogen fixation. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum SAY3-7 and Streptomyces griseoflavus P4 co-inoculation on plant growth, nodulation, nitrogen fixation, nutrient uptake, and seed yield of the ‘Yezin-6’ soybean cultivar. Nitrogen fixation was measured using the acetylene reduction assay and ureide methods. Uptake of major nutrients [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg)] was also measured. This study showed that single inoculation of SAY3-7 significantly increased shoot biomass; nodulation; Relative Ureide Index (RUI %), percent nitrogen derived from N fixation (% Ndfa); N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptakes; during the later growth stages (R3.5 and R5.5), compared with control. These observations indicate that SAY3-7 is an effective N-fixing bacterium for the plant growth, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation with an ability to compete with native bradyrhizobia. Co-inoculation of SAY3-7 and P4 significantly improved nodule number; nodule dry weight; shoot and root biomass; N fixation; N, P, K, Ca, and Mg uptake; at various growth stages and seed yield in ‘Yezin-6’ soybean cultivar compared with the control, but not the single inoculation treatments. Significant differences in plant growth, nodulation, N fixation, nutrient uptake, and yield between co-inoculation and control, not between single inoculation and control, suggest that there is a synergetic effect due to co-inoculation of SAY3-7 and P4. Therefore, we conclude that Myanmar Bradyrhizobium strain SAY3-7 and P4 will be useful as effective inoculants in biofertilizer production in the future. 相似文献
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Sung-Suk Suh Jinik Hwang Mirye Park Hyo Hyun Seo Hyoung-Shik Kim Jeong Hun Lee Sang Hyun Moh Taek-Kyun Lee 《Marine drugs》2014,12(10):5174-5187
Certain photosynthetic marine organisms have evolved mechanisms to counteract UV-radiation by synthesizing UV-absorbing compounds, such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs). In this study, MAAs were separated from the extracts of marine green alga Chlamydomonas hedleyi using HPLC and were identified as porphyra-334, shinorine, and mycosporine-glycine (mycosporine-Gly), based on their retention times and maximum absorption wavelengths. Furthermore, their structures were confirmed by triple quadrupole MS/MS. Their roles as UV-absorbing compounds were investigated in the human fibroblast cell line HaCaT by analyzing the expression levels of genes associated with antioxidant activity, inflammation, and skin aging in response to UV irradiation. The mycosporine-Gly extract, but not the other MAAs, had strong antioxidant activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Furthermore, treatment with mycosporine-Gly resulted in a significant decrease in COX-2 mRNA levels, which are typically increased in response to inflammation in the skin, in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, in the presence of MAAs, the UV-suppressed genes, procollagen C proteinase enhancer (PCOLCE) and elastin, which are related to skin aging, had increased expression levels equal to those in UV-mock treated cells. Interestingly, the increased expression of involucrin after UV exposure was suppressed by treatment with the MAAs mycosporine-Gly and shinorine, but not porphyra-334. This is the first report investigating the biological activities of microalgae-derived MAAs in human cells. 相似文献
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Moh Tariq Amir Khan Mohd Asif Faryad Khan Taruba Ansari Mohammad Shariq 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2020,70(6):507-524
ABSTRACT This review deals with the mechanism of antagonistic action of bacterial and fungal biocontrol agents such as the production of antibiotics, siderophores, enzyme secretion, competition for nutrition, plant growth promotion by rhizosphere microorganism. The utilisation of synthetic pesticides has been the predominant control processor for diseases brought about by phytopathogenic microorganisms. Notwithstanding, their open and improper application in intensive agriculture has realised issues that have prompted ecological contamination, considerable residues in agricultural products and phytopathogen resistance. They are likewise disrupting the quantity of beneficial microorganism which is available in the soil and capable of expanding soil fertility. Along these lines, there is a need to look through the option of synthetic pesticides that are safe, environmental and monetarily feasible to confront this problem. Biocontrol agent’s utilisation is the best alternative method to control the different kinds of diseases, such as nematode infestation, fungal pathogen and bacterial pathogen. Nowadays, biocontrol agents assume a significant role in the field of agriculture. It is a financially savvy, environment-friendly and inhibits the advancement of pathogenic microorganism sustainably. This review emphasises the role of biocontrol agents against different pathogenic microorganisms and their significance potentiality to improve plant growth and enhance defence system of plants. 相似文献