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1.
研究苯一步催化氧化合成苯酚的新方法，以Ｆｅ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｎ－Ｏ／海泡石为催化剂，双氧水及添加剂为氧化剂。探讨添加剂性质、催化反应温度及双氧水浓度对反应过程的影响规律，并提出催化氧化的反应机理。 相似文献
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起垄有利于增加土壤的透气性及保水能力,是马铃薯种植环节中重要的一环。针对目前马铃薯播种机起垄装置功能单一、效率低、作业效果差等问题,提出一种适用于山东地区的两段式组合起垄装置,通过覆土圆盘和翼面铲的配套作业,同时完成覆土、起垄和整形作业,有利于种薯扎根稳定、生长发达,提高马铃薯播种机的作业效率和质量。通过分析覆土圆盘、翼面铲的作业过程以及土壤的运动过程,对翼面铲的总体尺寸及铲尖、铲面、翼板等主要部件进行参数设计。利用EDEM仿真软件建立土壤与两段式组合起垄装置的联合仿真模型并进行试验,对两段式组合起垄装置的起垄量模拟曲线进行分析,得出装置的作业质量相比仅依靠覆土圆盘作业有显著提升。田间试验表明,当马铃薯播种机前进速度为0.25m/s时,两段式组合起垄装置所起土垄平均高度为251mm,平均垄底宽为698mm,平均垄距为902mm,平均垄体土壤紧实度可达到390.33kPa,作业效果良好,满足山东地区马铃薯起垄农艺要求。 相似文献
4.
拨禾指式不对行玉米收获装置的试验 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为解决玉米收获机不对行收获问题,采用先割断秸秆、再拨禾摘穗技术,提高玉米收获机对种植行距的适应性;通过对拨禾指、甩刀与摘穗机构的优化组合,设计、制作出拨禾指式玉米收获装置,对关键技术及影响因素进行了分析,提出了拨禾指将玉米秸秆分禾、喂入、输送过程中的技术条件。通过在中国东北高产垄作和黄淮海一年两熟玉米种植区进行试验表明,各项技术指标符合国家标准,行距的适应范围为300～800 mm,对机具跨区作业、机器利用率和增加农机户收入具有现实意义和实用性。 相似文献
5.
In water-limited regions, oases are important localities for maintaining ecological biodiversity and supporting social and
economic development. For oases situated by the side of rivers, variability of streamflow is often considered as a dominant
factor influencing the vulnerability of oases forest, whereas other factors receive much less attention. Here we argue that
ecological and hydrological processes creating spatial habitat heterogeneity and particularly the change of habitat structure
through time are critical aspects when assessing vulnerability of oasis forest. This is demonstrated by dendroecological studies
of a dynamic landscape in Ejina Oasis in the lower reach of Heihe River, the second largest inland river in China. Our results
show that radial growth of euphrates poplar trees in Ejina Oasis did not follow the variation of streamflow coming from the
middle reach, and the poplar tree-ring growth did not change in the same way from one site to the other. An index of multi-directional
change (MDCi) is defined from tree-ring data to describe the change in spatial habitats through time. We propose that the decreasing trend
of MDCi indices since the 1950s is related to persistently increasing human activities, whereas high-frequency variability in MDCi indices is related to frequent and strong local disturbances such as windstorms as well as human activities that directly
cause changes in streamflow. The results obtained from this study have potentially broad implications for identifying dryland
ecosystems that are at risk or susceptible to change, and for making spatially explicit decisions for rational utilization
of water resources. 相似文献
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六安市发展农产品物流有利于解决"三农"问题,推进农业产业化进程加快建成农业强市.为加快发展六安市农产品物流,必须加强农村基础设施与农产品生产基地建设,加大农产品物流技术的研究和开发,为农产品企业的发展营造良好的外部环境,加强农产品市场建设,积极推进农业产业化进程,建立农产品营销网络体系. 相似文献
8.
Junli Hu Fuyong Wu Shengchun Wu Junhua Wang Xiangui Lin Ming Hung Wong 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(9):2195-2202
Purpose
Fruiting vegetables are generally considered to be safer than other vegetables for planting on cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farms. However, the risk of transferring Cd that has accumulated in the stems and leaves of fruiting vegetables is a major issue encountered with the usage of such non-edible parts. The objective of this study was to resolve the contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to the production of low-Cd fruiting vegetables (focusing on the non-edible parts) on Cd-contaminated fields.Materials and methods
An 8-week pot experiment was conducted to investigate the acquisition and translocation of Cd by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants on an unsterilized Cd-contaminated (1.6 mg kg?1) soil in response to inoculation with the AM fungus, Funneliformis caledonium (Fc) or Glomus versiforme (Gv). Mycorrhizal colonization rates of cucumber roots were assessed. Dry biomass and Cd and phosphorus (P) concentrations in the cucumber shoots and roots were all measured. Soil pH, EC, total Cd, phytoavailable (DTPA-extractable) Cd, available P, and acid phosphatase activity were also tested.Results and discussion
Both Fc and Gv significantly increased (P?<?0.05) root mycorrhizal colonization rates and P acquisition efficiencies, and thus the total P acquisition and biomass of cucumber plants, whereas only Fc significantly increased (P?<?0.05) soil acid phosphatase activity and the available P concentration. Both Fc and Gv significantly increased (P?<?0.05) root to shoot P translocation factors, inducing significantly higher (P?<?0.05) shoot P concentrations and shoot/root biomass ratios. In contrast, both Fc and Gv significantly decreased (P?<?0.05) root and shoot Cd concentrations, resulting in significantly increased (P?<?0.05) P/Cd concentration ratios, whereas only Gv significantly decreased (P?<?0.05) the root Cd acquisition efficiency and increased (P?<?0.05) the root to shoot Cd translocation factor. Additionally, AM fungi also tended to decrease soil total and phytoavailable Cd concentrations by elevating plant total Cd acquisition and soil pH, respectively.Conclusions
Inoculation with AM fungi increased the P acquisition and biomass of cucumber plants, but decreased plant Cd concentrations by reducing the root Cd acquisition efficiency, and resulted in a tendency toward decreases in soil phytoavailable and total Cd concentrations via increases in soil pH and total Cd acquisition by cucumber plants, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential application of AM fungi for the production of fruiting vegetables with non-edible parts that contain low Cd levels on Cd-contaminated soils.9.
Effects of mycorrhizal inoculation of upland rice on uptake kinetics of arsenate and arsenite 
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下载免费PDF全文 We assessed the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation on short‐term uptake kinetics of arsenate and arsenite by excised roots of upland rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Zhonghan 221). A concentration of 0.01–0.05 mM arsenic (As) differentially affected the influx rates of both arsenate and arsenite into rice roots non‐inoculated or inoculated with Glomus mosseae and G. versiforme. While Vmax for arsenate uptake by non‐mycorrhizal roots was 1.02 µmol g?1 fresh weight h?1, it was reduced by a factor of 2.4 for mycorrhizal roots (about 0.42 µmol g?1 fresh weight h?1) in the high‐affinity uptake system. However, at high concentrations of 0.5–2.5 mM As only G. versiforme was able to reduce As influx. The results show that mycorrhizal effects on As uptake of upland rice are both concentration and species‐specific. 相似文献
10.