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Prokof’eva Tatiana Shishkov Vasiliy Kiriushin Aleksey 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(5):2049-2058
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Complex phenomena of the precipitation and accumulation of calcium carbonate in urban soils and sediments have been studied. They are linked to the interactions... 相似文献
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Zazovskaya E. P. Mergelov N. S. Shishkov V. A. Dolgikh A. V. Dobryansky A. S. Lebedeva M. P. Turchinskaya S. M. Goryachkin S. V. 《Eurasian Soil Science》2022,55(3):299-312
Eurasian Soil Science - Cryoconite is an organomineral sediment on the surface of glaciers. It has predominantly an eolian origin, demonstrates high microbial activity, and contains a relatively... 相似文献
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Tatiana V. Prokof’eva Alexey V. Kiryushin Vassiliy A. Shishkov Feodor A. Ivannikov 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(2):515-524
Purpose
The volume of dust deposition on the soil surface in Moscow is big enough and make several tens of grams per square meter annually. The role of dust as a soil-forming material is especially high in places with practically no other soil parent materials. It is necessary to consider solid atmospheric precipitation as a parent soil material in urban conditions and its impact on soil properties.Materials and methods
Samples of two soil bodies were taken near two major highways of Moscow, and airborne solid deposit samples were collected from the roadside barrier in summer and from plant leaves after snowmelt. The fallout samples were studied by methods used for soil because of its silicate matrix (Si～30 % total). Main complex characteristics of samples were obtained by chemical analysis and with a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Bulk elemental composition, available phosphorus and potassium, carbonates, organic carbon and oil hydrocarbon contents, pH, redox potential, magnetic susceptibility, and particle-size distribution of dust and soils were determined.Results and discussion
Near the highways, where the process of dust transfer is activated, there are possibilities of dust inclusion into soil and formation of new soil horizons on these deposits. Pedofeatures are formed during a very short period of time. The soil-forming processes are connected with both soil organic matter and mineral compound transformation. Chemical properties of the studied soils correspond to those of usual Moscow soil horizons and dust samples studied previously by Prokofyeva et al. (2011) and Prokof’eva et al. (2015). It was established that atmospheric solid aerosol imports organic carbon, carbonates, and other salts; pollutants such as oil hydrocarbons; and heavy metals into the soil. Airborne deposits influence soil physical properties by enriching the soil with clay and coarse silt fractions.Conclusions
Investigation of dust deposit composition provides data for characterizing material being continuously deposited on the urban soil surface. The atmospheric fallouts together with construction waste and natural rocks provide the common geochemical properties of urban soils.9.
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Irena Atanassova Biser Hristov Toma Shishkov Stefan Doerr 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2017,63(12):1697-1710
The present study describes signature lipid biomarkers in reclaimed mine soils (RMSs), an unreclaimed spoil and a natural soil (Vertisol) for a major coal mine basin in Eastern Europe. Alkanes, fatty acids and fatty alcohols, as well as coal biomarkers were abundant in the mine soils and the unreclaimed spoil. The alkanes distribution in the RMSs was bimodal with maxima at C18 and C29/C31 and points at two origins for the alkanes, terrigenous plants, including soil borne and from the coal source. Fatty acid carbon preference indices (CPIeven/odd = 10.4 and 8.1 for the mine soils under pine and grass vegetation) reflect the increasing role of terrestrial vegetation in the formation of organic matter. The higher concentrations of the long-chain alkanes, fatty acids and alcohols are speculated as the reason for the severe and extreme water repellency observed with the Vertisol and the unreclaimed spoil. The presence of terrigenous steroid and triterpenoid markers in the RMSs is an indication of the ongoing soil formation processes. The analysis of lipid extracts allowed for the assessment of sensitive molecular indicators of biogenic terrigenous and coal origin and the degree of soil recovery following >20 years of spoils reclamation. 相似文献