Fractionation of cock spermatozoa     

B S Gehlaut  N S Mangle  I C Datta 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(4):603-608

An account is given of the methodology for fractionation of cock spermatozoa into head and tail fractions by ultrasonication, followed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Quantitative estimates of DNA attested to 89.4% purity of the head fraction and low contamination of tails with heads. Recovery of protein and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) activity, following sperm fractionation, averaged 94.3% and 95.7%, respectively. Contamination of the head fraction with tails, as assessed by MDH assay, was only 4.65%, and the purity of the tail fraction was 91%. Intensive succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) activity was histochemically localised in the separated tail fraction and in the tail portion of intact spermatozoa. However, SDH activity was discernible neither in the head fraction nor in the head of intact spermatozoa.  相似文献   

Effect of orally administered furazolidone on volume and sperm concentration of dwarf and non-dwarf cock semen     

B S Gehlaut  N S Mangle  I C Datta 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1989,43(4):609-612

2 groups of 20 cocks each were selected at random from non-dwarf White Leghorn (28 weeks post-hatch) and dwarf Krishna-J (38 weeks post-hatch) genotypes. The treated groups comprised 10 White Leghorn and 10 Krishna-J cocks. The remaining birds served as controls. 8 weeks prior to furazolidone treatment, semen was collected from both control groups at regular 4-day intervals, for 4 weeks. Cocks of the treated groups of both genotypes were administered furazolidone (0.14 g/bird/day) for 7 consecutive days. Semen was collected from all cocks at regular 4-day intervals for 4 weeks. Semen from the cocks of the same group was pooled. The pooled ejaculate volume and sperm density did not differ significantly in the 2 genotypes. The semen output as well as sperm density increased along with progressive attainment of sexual maturity. Furazolidone treatment caused significant reduction in semen volume as well as sperm concentration in either genotype.  相似文献   

Replication of turkey herpesvirus and Marek's disease virus in chick embryo skin organ culture.     

L B Prasad 《Research in veterinary science》1979,27(1):82-88

Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) and an attenuated Marek's disease virus (MDV) replicated in organ cultures of chick embryo skin as assessed by immunofluorescence and/or electron microscopy. HVT-specific immunofluorescent antigen was detected in the feather follicle epithelium (FFE) and in the surface layer of the skin epidermis. Electron microscopy of infected explants revealed herpes-type cytopathology. Immature particles of both viruses appeared first in the nucleus. Oval or horseshoe-shaped non-enveloped particles of HVT and enveloped virions of MDV were seen in the cytoplasm of some transitional cells. The difference in the ability of HVT and MDV to form an envelope was believed to account for the difference in their transmissibility in chickens. The results indicated that HVT replicated in the FFE and in the epidermis of the skin. However, attempts to localise the site(s) of MDV replication by electron microscopy were unsuccessful.  相似文献   

In ovo embryotoxicity of α-endosulfan adversely influences liver and brain metabolism and the immune system in chickens     

Pushpanjali  R.L. Prasad  S.K. Singh  S.B. Jadhao 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2005,82(2):103-114

There is a lack of laboratory-based embryonic chicken toxicity studies with the ecologically relevant low dose/s of endosulfan that utilizes a more practical approach such as the chorioallontoic membrane (CAM) injection. In this investigation, 2μg AR grade α-endosulfan/egg (40% of LD₅₀ for embryos) was injected through the CAM in 12-day-old chicken embryos and the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase, EC 3.1.3.9), fructose 1,6-diphosphatase (FDPase, EC 3.1.3.11), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase, EC 3.6.1.3) and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH, EC 1.3.99.1) and DNA and RNA content in liver and brain tissues and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) in the latter were determined at 24, 48, and 72 h post-exposure. The wet weight of the embryos did not differ between groups. Following endosulfan exposure, except increase in the hepatic ATPase activity (P < 0.01), there was a significant decrease in the following parameters: G6Pase activity in both the liver and brain (P < 0.01), SDH activity in the brain (P < 0.01), brain overall DNA and RNA concentration (P < 0.05), brain AChE activity (P < 0.01). Exposure of 18-day-old embryos to 2-μg endosulfan for 24 h caused decrease (P < 0.01) in the lymphocyte count and IgG content. Histopathology of thymus and bursa of Fabricius revealed a reduction in the population of thymic follicles, smaller thymocytes with the clear vacuoles in cytoplasm and fewer bursocytes accompanied by infiltration of erythrocytes in lymphoid follicles of the endosulfan-treated embryos. It was inferred that in ovo injection of 0.041 μg/g egg weight of α-endosulfan suppress gluconeogenesis (main energy source in embryonic life), nerve transmission, and immunity.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity analysis of two buffalo populations of northern India using microsatellite markers   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R. Arora  B. D. Lakhchaura  R. B. Prasad  M. S. Tantia  R. K. Vijh 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2004,121(2):111-118

The genetic diversity in two buffalo populations of northern India, the Bhadawari and the Tarai was assessed using a set of 22 heterologous (bovine) microsatellite markers. The average number of alleles across all loci in both populations was found to be 4.7, indicating that this set of 22 bovine microsatellite markers could be used to study genetic variation in buffalo species also. The overall polymorphic information content (PIC) value for these markers was 0.54. The average observed and expected heterozygosities for both populations were 0.59 and 0.64, respectively. Common alleles with varying allele frequencies in both populations also represented the genetic variability existing between Bhadawari and Tarai buffaloes. However the θ estimates for population differentiation indicated low levels of differentiation between the two populations. This was further supported by the low genetic distance (0.155) between Bhadawari and Tarai, which was calculated using Nei's standard genetic distance method. The present study on Bhadawari and Tarai populations represents a much‐needed preliminary effort that could be extended to other local buffalo populations of India as well.  相似文献   

Copper nanoparticle induced macromutation in Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. (Leguminosae): a pioneer report     

Sandip Halder  Aninda Mandal  Debadrito Das  Sudha Gupta  Asoke Prasun Chattopadhyay  Animesh Kumar Datta 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2015,62(2):165-175

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Identification of genic SSRs in jute (Corchorus capsularis,Malvaceae) and development of markers for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes and regulatory genes          下载免费PDF全文

Pratik Satya  Avrajit Chakraborty  Sourav Jana  Snehalata Majumdar  Maya Karan  Debabrata Sarkar  Subhojit Datta  Jiban Mitra  Chandan S. Kar  Pran Gobinda Karmakar  Nagendra K. Singh 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(5):784-797

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Effect of conservation agriculture on soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration and lability: A study from a rice–wheat cropping system on a calcareous soil of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains     

Abir Dey  Brahma Swaroop Dwivedi  Ranjan Bhattacharyya  Siba Prasad Datta  Mahesh Chand Meena  Raj K. Jat  Raj Kumar Gupta  Mangi Lal Jat  Vinod Kumar Singh  Debarup Das  Ravi G. Singh 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(3):429-438

Increasing soil carbon (C) in arable soils is an important strategy to achieve sustainable yields and mitigate climate change. We investigated changes in soil organic and inorganic carbon (SOC and SIC) under conservation agriculture (CA) in a calcareous soil of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The treatments were as follows: conventional-till rice and wheat (CT-CT), CT rice and zero-till wheat (CT-ZT), ZT direct seeded rice (DSR) and CT wheat (ZT-CT), ZTDSR and ZT wheat without crop residue retention (ZT-ZT), ZT-ZT with residue (ZT-ZT+R), and DSR and wheat both on permanent beds with residue (PB-PB+R). The ZT-ZT+R had the highest total SOC in both 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil layers (20% and 40% higher (p < .05) than CT-CT, respectively), whereas total SIC decreased by 11% and 15% in the respective layers under ZT-ZT+R compared with CT-CT. Non-labile SOC was the largest pool, followed by very labile, labile and less labile SOC. The benefits of ZT and residue retention were greatest for very labile SOC, which showed a significant (p < .05) increase (~50%) under ZT-ZT+R compared with CT-CT. The ZT-ZT+R sequestered ~2 Mg ha⁻¹ total SOC in the 0–15 cm soil layer in 6 years, where CT registered significant losses. Thus, the adoption of CA should be recommended in calcareous soils, for C sequestration, and also as a reclamation technique.  相似文献   

Impact of High Night‐Time and High Daytime Temperature Stress on Winter Wheat          下载免费PDF全文

S. Narayanan  P. V. V. Prasad  A. K. Fritz  D. L. Boyle  B. S. Gill 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(3):206-218

High temperature is a major environmental factor that limits wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Climate models predict greater increases in night‐time temperature than in daytime temperature. The objective of this research was to compare the effects of high daytime and high night‐time temperatures during anthesis on physiological (chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll concentration, leaf level photosynthesis, and membrane damage), biochemical (reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration and antioxidant capacity in leaves), growth and yield traits of wheat genotypes. Winter wheat genotypes (Ventnor and Karl 92) were grown at optimum temperatures (25/15 °C, maximum/minimum) until the onset of anthesis. Thereafter, plants were exposed to high night‐time (HN, 25/24 °C), high daytime (HD, 35/15 °C), high daytime and night‐time (HDN, 35/24 °C) or optimum temperatures for 7 days. Compared with optimum temperature, HN, HD and HDN increased ROS concentration and membrane damage and decreased antioxidant capacity, photochemical efficiency, leaf level photosynthesis, seed set, grain number and grain yield per spike. Impact of HN and HD was similar on all traits. Greater impact on seed set, grain number and grain yield per spike was observed at HDN compared with HN and HD. These results suggest that HN and HD during anthesis cause damage of a similar magnitude to winter wheat.  相似文献   

Epidemiological and bacteriological survey of buffalo mastitis in Nepal   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dhakal IP  Dhakal P  Koshihara T  Nagahata H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(12):1241-1245

A total of 355 Murrah cross buffaloes, consisting of 23 subclinical and 332 clinical mastitis cases brought to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal from 2002 to 2005, were analyzed to determine the organisms involved, the seasonal occurrence of mastitis, and antibiotic susceptibility of mastitis pathogens. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) such as Staphylococcus albus and S. epidermidis were the predominant organisms associated with subclinical cases, and CNS and Coliforms in clinical cases. The maximum number (16%) of clinical cases of mastitis were observed in the month of July, when temperature and humidity are highest. The incidence of clinical mastitis was higher in animals during 1st calving and during the 1st month of parturition. Resistance to antibiotics was determined for 55, 23 and 149 isolates of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Coliforms, respectively. In vitro drug sensitivity testing revealed that enrofloxacin had the highest average sensitivity (91%) for all types of bacteria. The effectiveness of other drugs detected were gentamicin (87%), tetracycline (83%) and chloramphenicol (82%). The antibiogram showed that both gentamicin and enrofloxacin are slowly becoming resistant. Mastitis pathogens have developed resistance to ampicillin and penicillin.  相似文献