Influences of Cadmium and Zinc Interaction and Humic Acid on Metal Accumulation in Ceratophyllum Demersum   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sushera Bunluesin  Prayad Pokethitiyook  Guy R. Lanza  Julian F. Tyson  Maleeya Kruatrachue  Baoshan Xing  Suchart Upatham 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,180(1-4):225-235

Interactions between Zn and Cd on the accumulation of these metals in coontail, Ceratophyllum demersum were studied at different metal concentrations. Plants were grown in nutrient solution containing Cd (0.05–0.25 mg l^?1) and Zn (0.5–5 mgl^?1). High concentrations of Zn caused a significant decrease in Cd accumulation. In general, adding Cd solution decreased Zn accumulation in C. demersum except at the lowest concentration of Zn in which the Zn accumulation was similar to that without Cd. C. demersum could accumulate high concentrations of both Cd and Zn. The influence of humic acid (HA) on Cd and Zn accumulation was also studied. HA had a significant effect on Zn accumulation in plants. 2 mg l^?1 of HA reduced Zn accumulation at 1 mg l^?1 level (from 2,167 to 803 mg kg^?1). Cd uptake by plant tissue, toxicity symptoms and accumulation at 0.25 and 0.5 mg l^?1, were reduced (from 515 to 154 mg kg^?1 and from 816 to 305 mg kg^?1, respectively) by addition of 2 mg l^?1 of HA. Cd uptake reached a maximum on day 9 of treatment, while that of Zn was observed on day 15. Long-term accumulation study revealed that HA reduced toxicity and accumulation of heavy metals.  相似文献   

Classification of the parenchymal cells in Fasciola gigantica based on ultrastructure and their expression of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs)     

Pankao V  Sirisriro A  Grams R  Vichasri-Grams S  Meepool A  Kangwanrangsan N  Wanichanon C  Ardseungneon P  Viyanant V  Upatham ES  Sobhon P 《Veterinary parasitology》2006,142(3-4):281-292

Parenchymal cells in adult Fasciola gigantica can be classified into three types based on their ultrastructural features and different quantities of fatty acid binding protein (FABP) being stored. Parenchymal cell type 1 (Pc1) has pale cytoplasm consisting largely of a loose network of fine fibers, and it contains few mitochondria but numerous glycogen particles. This cell type may be specialized in the storage and metabolism of glycogen and glucose. Parenchymal cell type 2 (Pc2) has similar cytoplasmic features as Pc1 but contains more numerous mitochondria, and high concentration of FABP as reflected by high density of immunostaining and immunogold labeling using specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb) to FABP as probe. Pc2 may, thus, specialize in the storage and metabolism of fatty acids and other lipids. Parenchymal cell type 3 (Pc3) has dense cytoplasm containing large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex and mitochondria, which is typical of a secretory cell. Furthermore, Pc3 has very little glycogen particles and is not stained by MoAb against FABP. It could, thus, be concerned with the synthesis of fibers, which form the scaffold of the parenchyma.  相似文献   

Removal of Lead from Contaminated Soils by Typha Angustifolia     

Panich-Pat  T.  Pokethitiyook  P.  Kruatrachue  M.  Upatham  E. S.  Srinives  P.  Lanza  G. R. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2004,155(1-4):159-171

A greenhouse study was demonstrated for removal of lead (Pb) from contaminated soil by the narrow — leaved cattail, Typha angustifolia. The plants were grown in sandy loam soil containing various concentrations of Pb(NO₃)₂ (53.3, 106.7, 160, 213.3, and 266.7 mg Pb kg^-1 soil). Most lead was accumulated in roots and then transported to leaves. In soil contaminated with 266.7 mg kg^-1 of lead, the plants accumulated 7492.6 mg Pb kg^-1 dry weight in the roots and 167 mg Pb kg^-1 dry weight in the leaves. Yet, no growth retardation from lead was detected. T. angustifolia has high potential as a plant to clean up lead contaminated soil due to its vigorous growth, high biomass productivity, and because it is a perennial in nature. Further work is required to study on the iron plaque formation and its role in metal immobilization.  相似文献   

Phytoextraction and Accumulation of Lead from Contaminated Soil by Vetiver Grass: Laboratory and Simulated Field Study     

S. Chantachon  M. Kruatrachue  P. Pokethitiyook  S. Upatham  S. Tantanasarit  V. Soonthornsarathool 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2004,154(1-4):37-55

A soil-culture study was conducted to investigate the phytoextraction of lead (Pb) in two species of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides and V. nemoralis) irrigated with an increasing level of Pb(NO₃)₂ (5, 7, 9 and 11 g L^-1) for 12 weeks. In a laboratory study, the removalof lead from soil was correlated with lead accumulation by roots and shoots of both species of vetiver grass. High concentration of lead (9—11 g L^-1) resulted in decrease of growth, total chlorophyllcontent and biomass of V. zizanioides, while V. nemoralis died after one week of application. Toxicity symptoms (e.g., burning leaf margins, shoot die back) occurred in vetiver grass at a high concentration of lead. Based on the data V. zizanioides tolerated and accumulated the greatest amount of lead most effectively. A simulated field experiment was conducted to examine the efficiency of vetiver grass in removing lead from contaminated soil. The vetiver grasses, V. zizanioides and V. nemoralis, were grown in soil contaminated with Pb(NO₃)₂ (5, 7, 9, and 11 g L^-1) for 3 months. The removal of lead from soil was correlated with lead accumulation by roots and shoots of both grass species. The grass roots took up more lead than the shoots. V. zizanioides could uptake more lead from soil than V. nemoralis. The effects of lead on the biomass of V. zizanioides and V. nemoralisshowed that in both species, the biomass was decreased when the lead concentration was increased. In comparison, V. zizanioidesshowed greater biomass than V. nemoralis.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody against recombinant fatty acid binding protein of Fasciola gigantica     

Sirisriro A  Grams R  Vichasri-Grams S  Ardseungneon P  Pankao V  Meepool A  Chaithirayanon K  Viyanant V  Tan-Ariya P  Upatham ES  Sobhon P 《Veterinary parasitology》2002,104(2):119-129

Biological options for nematode parasite control are being sought, as the long-term efficacy of conventional anthelmintics comes increasingly under threat from drug-resistant parasites. Three biological methods with the potential to reduce pasture contamination by parasitic nematode larvae were examined: (a) killing of larvae developing in dung by nematophagous fungi; (b) removal of dung through earthworm ingestion; (c) burial of dung in soil as might occur through the action of dung beetles. Field trials with the test bio-control agents were carried out in autumn and spring by adding dung from sheep infected with Ostertagia (Teladorsagia) circumcincta to pots of ryegrass/white clover. The factorial treatment structure included five fungal treatments (individual applications of Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium gephyropagum and Harposporium helicoides, a combination of all the three fungi together and an untreated control), two dung burial treatments (dung buried or deposited on the soil surface) and two earthworm treatments (earthworms present or absent). D. flagrans and H. helicoides, individually or in combination, reduced recovery of infective stage larvae in experiment 1, while only H. helicoides reduced recovery in experiment 2. In both the experiments, dung burial increased the total number of larvae recovered, while the number of infective larvae were reduced by the action of earthworms. Increased recovery following burial, along with the fact that larvae moved rapidly from soil onto herbage, suggests that soil may provide a protective reservoir for infective larvae infesting herbage.  相似文献