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1.
Vishwajit S. Chowdhury Yoshimitsu Ouchi Guofeng Han Hatem M. Eltahan Shogo Haraguchi Takuro Miyazaki Jun-ichi Shiraishi Toshihisa Sugino Takashi Bungo 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13578
We examined the effects of oral administration of L-citrulline (L-Cit) on plasma metabolic hormones and biochemical profile in broilers. Food intake, water intake, and body temperature were also analyzed. After dual oral administration (20 mmol/head/administration) of L-Cit, broilers were exposed to a high ambient temperature (HT; 30 ± 1°C) chamber for 120 min. Oral administration of L-Cit reduced (p < .001) rectal temperature in broilers. Food intake was increased (p < .05) by heat stress, but it was reduced (p < .05) by L-Cit. Plasma levels of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine, which initially increased (p < .0001) due to heat stress, were reduced (p < .01) by oral administration of L-Cit. Plasma insulin levels were increased by heat exposure (p < .01) and oral L-Cit (p < .05). Heat stress caused a decline (p < .05) in plasma thyroxine. Plasma lactic acid (p < .05) and non-esterified fatty acids (p < .01) were increased in L-Cit-treated heat-exposed broilers. In conclusion, our results suggest that oral L-Cit can modulate plasma concentrations of major metabolic hormones and reduces food intake in broilers. 相似文献
2.
Anim Boanyo?DansohEmail author Akio?Koizumi Takuro?Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(5):405-410
A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of glue application and placement of butt-joints on the compressive and tensile properties in a butt-jointed lamination. The aim was to provide background information for producing butt-jointed, glued, laminated timber. Three butt-jointed lamination models were prepared from spruce-pine-fir (S-P-F) dimension lumber with glued and nonglued butt joints, with different placements of the butt joints in the models. The axial stiffness and strength properties were assessed using both compressive and tensile tests. The results of the study indicated that for the compressive lamination model the application of glue at the butt joint gave more stiffness than the nonglued butt joint. Neither glue application nor placement of the joint had a statistically significant effect on the compressive strength. There were no significant differences between the glued and nonglued butt joint for either tensile strength or stiffness. 相似文献
3.
Takashi?KamiyamaEmail author Hiroyuki?Yamauchi Takuro?Iwai Shoichi?Hanawa Yukihiko?Matsuyama Satoshi?Arima Yuichi?Kotani 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1295-1303
ABSTRACT: Sea water environmental conditions over annual cycles were investigated and compared between two oyster farming areas, western Hiroshima Bay and Oginohama Bay (a branch of Ishinomaki Bay) in Miyagi Prefecture, to appropriately manage oyster culture or more efficiently utilize farming areas. The environmental parameters of temperature, salinity, nutrient concentrations (NO2 –N, NO3 –N, NH4 –N, PO4 –P, and SiO2 –Si) and size-fractionated chlorophyll- a (<0.2, 2–20, >20µm), and abundances of microzooplankton were measured in each bay at the surface, and 2 and 5 m depth layers. Differences in the annual mean values and results with monthly paired Student's t -tests showed that salinity was lower, and temperature, nutrient (especially PO4 –P) and chlorophyll- a concentrations, and abundance of microzooplankton, were higher in Hiroshima Bay than in Oginohama Bay. Differences in environmental conditions between inshore and offshore areas of each bay suggest that inflows of river water in western Hiroshima Bay and sea water from offshore had the most significant effects on the environmental conditions. It is concluded that such oceanographic and biological differences strongly affect the oyster farming system, especially regarding the optimum usage of offshore areas in Summer under clean, cold and stable seawater conditions, rather than food quantity in Hiroshima Bay, and under more abundant food conditions in Oginohama Bay. 相似文献
4.
Zhang Chengming Nobuhiro Tanaka Maria Stefanie Dwiyanti Matthew Shenton Hayato Maruyama Takuro Shinano Chu Qingnan Xie Jun Toshihiro Watanabe 《水稻科学》2022,29(1):76-88
Ionomic profiles are primarily influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Identifying ionomic responses to varietal effects is necessary to understand the ionomic variations among species or subspecies and to potentially understand genetic effects on ionomic profiles. We cultivated 120 rice (Oryza sativa) varieties to seedling stage in identical hydroponic conditions and determined the concentrations of 26 elements (including 3 anions) in the shoots and roots of rice. Although the subspecies effects were limited by the genus Oryza pre-framework and its elemental chemical properties, we found significant differences in ionomic variations in most elements among the aus, indica and japonica subspecies. Principal component analysis of the correlations indicated that variations in the root-to-shoot ionomic transport mechanisms were the main causes of ionomic differences among the subspecies. Furthermore, the correlations were primarily associated with the screening of varieties for elemental covariation effects that can facilitate breeding biofortified rice varieties with safe concentrations of otherwise toxic elements. The japonica subspecies exhibited the strongest elemental correlations and elemental covariation effects, therefore, they showed greater advantages for biofortification than the indica and aus subspecies, whereas indica and aus subspecies were likely safer in metal(loid) polluted soils. We also found that geographical and historical distribution significantly defined the ionomic profiles. Overall, the results of this study provided a reference for further association studies to improve the nutritional status and minimize toxicity risks in rice production. 相似文献
5.
To evaluate windthrow resistance with respect to stem breakage, a nondestructive method for determining the shape of trunk
cross sections was developed. In this method, the coordinates of multiple gauge points set on the perimeter of a trunk are
calculated by measuring the distances between them. The shape between the gauge points is generated with the use of a profile
gauge placed between them. Measurement tests were conducted using profile gauges with lengths of 300 and 900 mm on model specimens
with four shape patterns and four different diameters. The accuracy of the estimation was verified by comparing the section
modulus calculated for the generated image and for the photograph. The average ratio of section modulus (generated/photo)
for all specimens was 0.994, which indicates that the proposed method is highly accurate. The section moduli of hollow trunks
can be evaluated using the profile method together with the drill resistance technique on the condition that 26% of the trunk
diameter could be drilled without skew. 相似文献
6.
Takuro Hirai Kei Sawata Ali Awaludin Yoshihisa Sasaki Takeyoshi Uematsu 《Journal of Wood Science》2012,58(2):128-134
Shaking table tests of the wall-floor joints of wooden light-frame constructions under forced harmonic vibrations are conducted
in this study so as to observe the dynamic responsive characteristics. The principal results are as follows: The responsive
characteristics of timber constructions under strong earthquakes cannot be directly correlated with their resonant frequencies
under free or forced vibrations with low input accelerations, because they behave as continuous bodies when the input accelerations
are less than the apparent frictional limits of structural joints. The apparent frictional limits are reduced by periodic
fluctuation of the effective vertical loads as a result of the vertical motion of the specimens. The characteristic dynamic
responses of wall-floor joints depend clearly upon the frequency and input accelerations of forced vibrations. These dependencies
arise from the nonlinear load-slip relationship of the wall-floor joints. The equivalent stiffness in their successive transient
phases decreases as joint slip increases, which gradually changes the resonant frequencies of the wall-floor joints. This
indicates that the frequency components dominant to ultimate or safety-limit resistance should be distinguished from those
dominant to allowable or serviceability-limit resistance. 相似文献
7.
Estimates of genetic parameters were obtained for body measurement traits of 648 animals at 4 months of age, of 545 at 8 months and carcass traits of 14 972 animals with the use of an animal model by the restricted maximum likelihood procedure. The estimated heritabilities for carcass traits were high (0.41 to 0.54). At 4 months the estimated direct heritabilities for body measurement traits were moderate to high (0.28 to 0.64), except for chest width (0.19); at 8 months they were also moderate to high (0.23 to 0.49), except for chest depth and chest width (0.18 and 0.06, respectively). Maternal heritabilities for all body measurement traits were low at both ages. The results indicate that because of their moderate direct genetic correlations with body measurement traits, carcass weight, rib thickness and subcutaneous fat thickness can be improved; however, rib eye area and beef marbling standard show little such possibility considering their correlation with body measurement traits. 相似文献
8.
Yohei Nakamura Takuro Shibuno Nobuaki Suzuki Jun Nakamori Kiyoaki Kanashiro Yoshiro Watanabe 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(3):503-510
Molecular and otolith analyses were conducted for 173 settlement-stage larvae of emperor fishes (family Lethrinidae) collected
by light traps at Ishigaki Island, southern Japan, in July and August (summer season), to (1) present diagnostic DNA markers
for identification of lethrinid species and (2) compare the size and age at settlement of each species. PCR–RFLP and direct
nucleotide sequencing analyses identified 8 species. Size (standard length, SL) at settlement differed significantly between
species; Lethrinus ornatus (mean SL ± SD, 12.8 ± 1.5 mm), L. obsoletus (14.2 ± 0.8 mm) and L. harak (15.8 ± 1.6 mm) settled at a smaller size than L. atkinsoni (17.0 ± 1.3 mm), L. genivittatus (17.3 ± 1.0 mm), L. olivaceus (18.1 ± 0.6 mm), L. nebulosus (18.6 ± 4.2 mm), and L. sp.2 reported by Lo Galbo et al. (J Mol Evol 54:754–762, 2002) (21.7 ± 1.4 mm). Age at settlement tends to increase with
settlement size; L. obsoletus (mean age ± SD, 25.6 ± 1.2 days), L. atkinsoni (26.1 ± 2.1 days) and L. ornatus (26.3 ± 2.9 days) were younger at settlement than L. nebulosus (28.4 ± 2.1 days), L. harak (29.2 ± 1.7 days), L. olivaceus (29.5 ± 1.0 days), L. genivittatus (30.5 ± 1.7 days) and L. sp.2 (31.0 ± 2.0 days). Although our study showed interspecific variation in body size and age at settlement among 8 lethrinid
species, further seasonal replication is necessary to clarify the general patterns. 相似文献
9.
Yohei Nakamura Masahiro Horinouchi Mitsuhiko Sano Takuro Shibuno 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(6):1401-1408
Whilst the importance of seagrass beds as nurseries for coral reef fishes has been clearly recognized, the vast majority of
early studies on fish nursery habitats emphasized the close proximity of the latter to coral reefs. To determine the potential
nursery role of isolated seagrass beds, we investigated the degree to which juvenile emperor fishes (Lethrinidae) utilized
seagrass beds in the presence/absence of adjacent coral habitats at Ishigaki Island (southern Japan), such fishes being known
to use seagrass beds as nurseries. Seagrass beds in close proximity to coral habitats (distance between the two habitats of
50–200 m) had greater densities of lethrinid juveniles than those without adjacent coral habitats (2.5–4 km) for 3 different
sites investigated, although a significant difference was obtained only for 1 site. Juveniles of Lethrinus atkinsoni, L. obsoletus, L. harak, and L. nebulosus were observed in seagrass beds with and without adjacent coral habitats, whereas L. ornatus occurred only in the former. Overall, most lethrinid juveniles utilize seagrass beds irrespective of the presence of adjacent
adult coral habitat, suggesting that both types of seagrass beds would contribute to lethrinid adult populations. Therefore,
management efforts for lethrinid populations should be applied not only to contiguous coral-seagrass habitat systems but also
to isolated habitats. 相似文献
10.