Nitrogen Release from Slow-Release Fertilizers in Soils with Different Microbial Activities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pierfrancesco NARDI  Ulderico NERI  Giovanni DI MATTEO  Alessandra TRINCHERA  Rosario NAPOLI  Roberta FARINA  Guntur V. SUBBARAO  Anna BENEDETTI 《土壤圈》2018,28(2):332-340

Soil microbial activity is recognized as an important factor affecting nitrogen (N) release from slow-release fertilizers. However,studies on the effect of size and activity of soil microflora on fertilizer degradation have provided contrasting results. To date, no clear relationships exist between soil microbial activity and the release of N from slow-release fertilizers. Hence, the aim of this study was to better understand such relationships by determining the release of N from three slow-release fertilizers in soils with different microbial activities. Soils were amended with urea-formaldehyde (UF), isobutylidene diurea (IBDU), and crotonylidene diurea (CDU). Urea, a soluble fertilizer, was used as the control. Fertilized soil samples were placed in a leaching system, and the release of N was determined by measuring ammonium-N and nitrate-N concentrations in leachates during 90 d of incubation. Non-linear regression was used to fit N leaching rate to a first-order model. In all the treated soils, N was released in the order: urea (89%–100%) IBDU (59%–94%) UF (46%–73%) CDU (44%–56%). At the end of incubation, N released from CDU did not differ (P 0.05) among soils. On the contrary, UF and IBDU released significantly lower (P 0.05) amounts of N in the soil with higher microbial activity and lower pH.The rate constant (K_0) for UF was lower (P 0.05) in the soil with lower pH. Taken together, our results indicated that soil microbial size and microbial activity had a marginal effect on fertilizer mineralization.  相似文献   

A combined analysis based on microbial communities and volatile organic compounds as a tool to study soil quality in an urban environment     

Luisa NERI  Fabiano SILLO  Elisa ZAMPIERI  Erica LUMINI  Giovanni MARTURANO  Chiara Degli ESPOSTI  Gianniantonio PETRUZZELLI  Beniamino GIOLI  Alessandro ZALDEI  Rita BARALDI  Raffaella BALESTRINI 《土壤圈》2023,33(4):670-675

<正>Dear Editor,Soil quality is defined as“the capacity of a soil to function,within ecosystem and land use boundaries,to sustain productivity,maintain environmental quality,and promote plant and animal health”(Doran and Parkin 1994).In this context,soil functionality is fundamental to the biosphere and is highly dependent on the associated microbiota.Soil microorganisms are relevant for terrestrial ecosystem functioning,and understanding the functional changes of the biological community i...  相似文献   

Wood colour in Lapacho (Tabebuia serratifolia): chemical composition and industrial implications     

Manuela Romagnoli  Enrico Segoloni  Marcello Luna  Andrea Margaritelli  Moreno Gatti  Ulderico Santamaria  Vittorio Vinciguerra 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(4):701-716

This study is aimed at relating the colour of Tabebuia serratifolia (Bignoniaceae family) wood to its chemical composition and technological characteristics, such as hardness and gluing, important for the manufacture of wood flooring. Samples with standard wood colour and evident chromatic anomalies were subjected to CIELAB colorimetric and gas-chromatography analyses. Red and yellow wood colour is associated with the presence of lapachol and dehydro-α-lapachone, respectively, whereas large amounts of polyphenols were found in black parts, together with other quinone compounds. Wood is hardest where lapachol gives rise to a yellow chromatic zone (L1). Delamination tests have shown that polyphenols affect lamella bonding strength. The results may be used by the wood flooring industry to identify the chemical constituents of T. serratifolia according to its colour and foresee possible problems during the production process.  相似文献