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1.
Erkut Turan Cengiz Unsal Mehmet Utkan Oren Omer Gurkan Dilek Ismail Gokce Yildirim Murat Sarierler 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(3):229-235
The aim of this study was to test the applicability of electrical stimulation of lumbar spinal nerve roots and obtain normative electrical root stimulation (ERS) data for L7 nerve root and sciatic nerve in dogs. For that purpose ERS and sciatic nerve stimulations were performed consecutively, in totally 40 healthy dogs. ERS was applied in the L7/S1 intervertebral space via monopolar needle electrodes. Muscle responses were recorded from the gastrocnemius muscles on the left and right hind limbs. Sciatic nerve stimulation was performed at the greater trochanter level on the left hind limb, with records obtained from the left gastrocnemius muscle. Mean root latencies of the left and right side were 5.22?±?0.49 ms and 5.29?±?0.53 ms, respectively. There was no significant difference in root latency between the right and left sides. The mean terminal latency was 3.82?±?0.46 ms. The proximal motor nerve conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve was 63.15?±?3.43 m/s. The results of this study show that ERS provides objective data about the integrity of lumbar spinal nerve roots by evaluating the entire population of motor fibres and total length of the motor axon in dogs. ERS can be considered a useful diagnostic method for confirmation of diagnoses of lumbosacral diseases. 相似文献
2.
The intent of the study was to clarify the technique and the application of the electrophysiological bulbocavernosus reflex (EBCR) test in healthy female dogs. For this aim, 15 healthy female dogs were used in the study. The stimulations were made on the clitoris and the responses were recorded from the right side of the external anal sphincter muscle with a concentric needle recording electrode. The EBCR had response latencies between 18.99 and 25.69ms with the mean value of 22.26ms. The EBCR reflex test is not yet widely used for the evaluation of the functional integrity of sacral spinal cord segments and nerve roots in veterinary clinics. Our experiences indicated that the EBCR reflex test gives valuable data about sacral spinal reflex arc functionality and can be accepted as a routine diagnostic method in small animal clinics for evaluation of the sacral reflex arc. 相似文献
3.
A baseline hydrogeochemical investigation was carried out as a contribution to the inventory of wetlands in Büyük Menderes
River (BMR) coastal wetland which is the most important wetland in Turkey that is protected as “Natural Park” by government.
In addition to the wetland values, agricultural activities are also important at this delta. From inland to coastal zone,
the groundwater type is changed from Ca–HCO3 to Na–Cl. Perfect correlation of Cl with Na and SO4 indicated the mixing process between saline and fresh water. The seawater intrusion and “winter-leaching” is the main causes
of salinization. Minor ions as B, Br, and Li versus Cl relationship also showed the marine influence at the BMR coastal wetland.
The δ18O and δD composition of the waters are range between −8.11‰ and −1.65‰ and −49.2‰ and 8.1‰, respectively. Isotope values show
the seawater mixing line and also dissolution of salts in the BMR coastal wetland. Weathering of aluminosilicates in the Paleozoic
schist and clays resulted in the release of silica to the water. Due to the organic activity, iron concentrations reached
to the tolerance limits. On the other hand, the use of phosphate fertilizers increases the phosphorus content in the water.
The high value of As (from 0.6 to 134 μg/l) can be resulted as an evaporation process in the study area. 相似文献
4.
Vural G Baca AU Gauci CG Bagci O Gicik Y Lightowlers MW 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,154(3-4):347-350
Investigations into the genetic strains of Echinococcus granulosus parasites occurring in sheep and cattle in Turkey were undertaken. A total of 112 hydatid cysts were investigated from sheep (100 isolates) derived from widely distributed sites within Turkey as well as from cattle (12 isolates) from the Turkish province of Kars. The parasite genotypes in these isolates were determined by DNA sequencing of part of the mitochondrial Cytochrome C oxidase 1 (cox1) gene. Haplotypes were identified which corresponded clearly to the previously described strain G1 in a total of 107 isolates, including 98 isolates from sheep and 9 isolates from cattle. Five isolates, including 2 sheep and 3 cattle, were determined to belong to the G3 genotype. Parasites of the G3 genotype were identified only in isolates derived from animals in the eastern regions of Turkey. While the majority of the isolates described here had haplotypes corresponding to the G1 genotype, none matched exactly the G1 sequence that was defined in previous studies. Analysis of all GenBank entries for E. granulosus cox1 sequences representing G1, G2 and G3 genotypes identified substantial microsequence variability. G1 and G3 could be distinguished as separate strains, however, the existence of G2 as a separate strain could not be supported. Rather, this can be regarded as a microsequence variation of G3. 相似文献
5.
Water, Air, &; Soil Pollution - The hydrochemical study of the area surrounding the Hisarc?k (Emet-Kütahya) colemanite mine shows extremely high arsenic contamination in ground water... 相似文献
6.
Effects of the chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron (DFB) on the integument of 5th instarGalleria mellonella L. larvae were investigated. When larvae were fed with semi-artificial diets containing 250, 500 and 1000 ppm of the compound,
DFB affected the integument. The affected larvae failed to ecdysis, their cuticle was ruptured, lost haemolymph and blackened.
In treated larvae, cuticle deposition was disrupted and the cuticle thickness was decreased by ∼50% compared with the untreated
control, particularly at day 3 1/2. However, statistically there was no significant difference among the three concentrations
(P>0.05). This may indicate that all three concentrations are equally effective in decreasing level. DFB at 500 and 1000 ppm
also affected the epidermal cells and caused the occurrence of vacuoles.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 16, 2003. 相似文献
7.
The primary purpose of water aeration is to increase the oxygen saturation of the water. This can be achieved by using hydraulic structures because of substantial air bubble entrainment at these structures. This paper reviewed the literature on hydraulic structures used in water aeration processes. The hydraulic structures were divided into two groups as the high-head flow systems and the free-surface flow systems. The high-head flow systems were circular and venturi nozzles, pipe with venturi tube, and high-head conduit, and the free-surface flow systems were weir, stepped cascade, and free-surface conduit. Air/water flow ratio and aeration efficiency in circular nozzles with air holes and venturi nozzles were significantly high. Pipes with venturi tubes showed high aeration efficiency although they had low air/water flow ratio. In high-head and free-surface conduits, almost full oxygen transfer, up to the saturation value, occurred. Forty-five degrees triangular sharp-crested weir had significantly better air/water flow ratio and aeration efficiency than other sharp-crested weir shapes. Stepped cascades, in particular nappe flow regime, were very efficient means of aeration. 相似文献
8.
The salinization process was investigated with hydrogeochemical tools to evaluate the origin of salinity in the Selçuk Plain. Na/Cl and Cl/Br molar ratios of coastal zone that covers an alluvial aquifer, karstic discharges, and a wetland are similar to the local seawater ratio. According to mixing ratios, seawater addition can reach 9–18% in both seasons at the coastal zone especially in karstic springs that are a kind of seawater–freshwater mixing points. A thematic map of the Salinization zone was constructed for the Selçuk Plain using geographical information system tools with different parameters such as major ion ratios, EC values, mixing ratios, and sodium adsorption ratio values. High correlation between Cl and Br, B, Li and Sr explains the salinization process that comes from marine intrusion. The δ 18O and δD composition of water samples varies between ?6.7‰ and ?2.9‰; ?37‰ and ?20‰, respectively. The coastal zone waters are plotted on the mixing line due to the effects of the salinization process in the plain. 相似文献
9.
Clinical and immunological effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine on bovine papillomatosis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has antineoplastic and immunostimulatory properties, and it is currently being clinically tested in anticancer therapy. In order to analyze the immunostimulatory effects of NDV on bovine papillomatosis, we inoculated 14 cows subcutaneously with an attenuated vaccine containing the LaSota strain of NDV (LS-NDV). Four cows with papillomatosis served as controls. Serum samples were collected from each animal 1 h before and, 7 and 21 days after inoculation. In inoculated cows, on days 7 and 21 the mean antibody titers were log2 2.43 +/- 0.92 and log2 5.57 +/- 0.72 by haemagglutination inhibition (HI), and the mean levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were 5.80 +/- 4.19 and 5.39 +/- 2.66 ng/ml by WEHI-164 cytotoxicity assay. Significant differences between inoculated and control animals were evident for antibody titers on day 21 and clinical scores on day 60. A correlation was evident between the TNF-alpha activities and clinical scores on day 21. The clinical observations at day 60 showed that the papillomas in five cows were completely resolved (36%), one animal had no alterations on clinical appearance of the tumor (7%), and papillomas in eight cows were regressed (57%). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that inoculation of LS-NDV vaccine stimulates an antibody response and limited increase in TNF-alpha activity and may enhance clinical recovery in bovine papillomatosis. 相似文献
10.
FC‐16 Clinical and immunological effects of Newcastle disease virus vaccine on bovine papillomatosis
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has antineoplastic and immunostimulatory properties, and it is currently being clinically tested in anticancer therapy. In order to analyse the immunostimulatory effects of NDV on bovine papillomatosis, we inoculated 14 cows subcutaneously with an attenuated vaccine containing the LaSota strain of NDV (LS‐NDV). Four cows with papillomatosis served as controls. Serum samples were collected from each animal 1 h preinoculation and 7 and 21 days postinoculation. In inoculated cows on days 7 and 21, the mean antibody titres were log2 2.43 ± 0.92 and 5.57 ± 0.72, respectively, by haemagglutination inhibition, and the mean levels of TNFα were 5.80 ± 4.19 and 5.39 ± 2.66 ng/mL, respectively, by WEHI‐164 cytotoxicity assay. Significant differences between inoculated and control animals were evident for antibody titres on day 21 and clinical scores on day 60. A correlation was evident between the TNFα activities and clinical scores on day 21. The clinical observations at day 60 showed that the papillomas in five cows had completely resolved (36%), one animal had no alterations on clinical appearance of the tumour (7%), and papillomas in eight cows had regressed (57%). In conclusion, these results demonstrated that inoculation of LS‐NDV vaccine stimulates an antibody response and a limited increase in TNFα activity and may enhance clinical recovery in bovine papillomatosis. Funding: Scientific Research Council of Akdeniz University. 相似文献