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1.
Hongjie Wang Qinghua Liu Xuezheng Shi Dongsheng Yu Yongcun Zhao Weixia Sun Jeremy Landon Darilek 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(2):149-154
Carbon storage in agricultural soils plays a key role in terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycles. Paddy soil is one of the major
cultivated soil types in China and is of critical significance in studies on soil carbon sequestration. This paper estimated
the organic and inorganic carbon density and storage in paddy soils, and analyzed the paddy soil stock spatial distribution
patterns in China based on subgroups and regions using the newly compiled 1:1 000 000 digital soil map of China as well as
data from 1 490 paddy soil profiles. Results showed that paddy soils in China cover an area of about 45.69 Mhm2, accounting for 4.92% of total soil area in China. Soil organic and inorganic carbon densities of paddy soils in China showed
a great heterogeneity. Paddy soil organic carbon densities (SOCD) in soil profile ranged from 0.53 to 446.2 kg/m2 (0 to 100 cm) while the paddy soil inorganic carbon densities (SICD) ranged from 0.05 to 90.03 kg/m2. Soil organic carbon densities of paddy soils in surface layer ranged from 0.17 to 55.38 kg/m2 (0 to 20 cm), with SICD of paddy soils ranging from 0.01 to 21.85 kg/m2. Profile based and surface layer based paddy soil carbon storages (SCS) are 5.39 Pg and 1.79 Pg, respectively. Paddy soil
organic carbon storage (SOCS) accounts for 95% of the total carbon storage. Profile based and surface layer based SOCS of
paddy soils are 5.09 Pg and 1.72 Pg, respectively. Soil inorganic carbon storage (SICS) of paddy soils accounts for 5% of
the total carbon storage in China. Profile based and surface layer based paddy SICS are 0.30 Pg and 0.07 Pg respectively.
Among all the eight paddy soil subgroups, hydromorphic, submergenic and percogenic paddy soils account for 85.2% of the total
paddy soil areas all over China. Consequently, profile based carbon storages of these three subgroups account for 78.1% of
the total profile based paddy SCS in China. Most paddy soils in China are distributed in the East-China, South-China and South-west
China regions, therefore, 92.6% of China’s profile based paddy SCS focuses on these three regions. The estimates of soil carbon
stocks in paddy soils will help to identify areas or soil subgroups which are of particular interest for soil carbon gains
and losses.
Translated from Ecology and Environment, 2006, 15(4): 659–664 [译自: 生态环境] 相似文献
2.
Shengxiang Xu Xuezheng Shi Yongcun Zhao Dongsheng Yu Changsheng Li Manzhi Tan 《Geoderma》2011,166(1):206-213
China's rice paddies, accounting for 19% of the world's total, play an important role in soil carbon (C) sequestration. In order to reduce uncertainties from upscaling spatial processes of the DeNitrification-DeComposition (DNDC) model for improving the understanding of C sequestration under recommended management practices (RMPs), we parameterized the DNDC model with a 1:1,000,000 polygonal soil database to estimate how RMPs influence potential C sequestration of the top 30 cm of Chinese paddy soils and to identify which management practices have the greatest potential to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) in these soils. These practices include reduced/no tillage, increasing crop residue return, and increasing manure applications. A baseline and eleven RMP scenarios were projected from 2009 to 2080, including traditional and conservation tillage, increasing crop residue return, increasing manure incorporation, and the combination of these practices. The results indicated that C sequestration potential under modeled RMPs increased compared to the baseline scenario, and varied greatly from 29.2 to 847.7 Tg C towards the end of the study period with an average rate of 0.7 to 20.2 Tg C yr− 1. In general, increasing crop residue return was associated with higher rates of C sequestration when compared to increasing manure application or practicing conservation tillage. The simulations demonstrated that the most effective soil C sequestration strategy probably involves the implementation of a combination of RMPs, and that they vary by location. 相似文献
3.
迎春5号杨生长评价与经营密度 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
迎春５号杨是牡丹江林区１９９２年从中国林科院引起的黑小杨混合系中选育出的优良无性系,该品种具有生长迅速,材质优良,抗性等优良特性,１５年生林分平均胸径达３０．１ｃｍ平均树高达２０．１ｍ,单株材积０．５１４９ｍ＾３,显著超过了小黑杨等参试品种,根据树冠面积与胸径相关关系选择数学模型进行拟合,得到ｙ＝ａ＋ｂｘ＋ｃｘ＾２＋ｄｘ＾３为最佳模型,以此编制迎春５号杨经营密度表。 相似文献
4.
5.
木霉制剂对茉莉白绢病和土壤微生物数量的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用稀释分离法研究了木霉菌在土壤中的定殖动态以及木霉制剂对土壤微生物数量的影响情况,田间测定了木霉制剂对茉莉白绢病的防治效果。结果表明,在含有基质的情况下,木霉菌在土壤中的存活数量呈先上升后下降的趋势;并且木霉菌在灭菌土中的存活量明显高于自然土。茉莉种植园施入木霉制剂后,茉莉根围土壤中细菌和真菌的数量显著提高,白绢病的发病率明显降低;处理区的最高防效达71.07%。 相似文献
6.
以好食脉孢菌和红酵母为发酵菌种,通过固态发酵玉米秸秆生产类胡萝卜素。将类胡萝卜素产量作为发酵指标,通过对培养基含水量、培养基初始pH值、氮源添加量、碳源添加量、无机盐添加量、培养基装量的单因素试验和正交试验确定最优培养基条件:秸秆用量10 g,干豆渣(氮源)用量3 g,麸皮(碳源)用量4 g,MgSO4添加量0.4%(与秸秆量比W/W),pH值约为5.5,培养基含水量为60%,培养基装量为12.5 g/250 mL,最佳发酵条件为接种量20%(好食脉孢菌∶红酵母=1∶1),培养温度28℃,培养时间96 h。通过优化后的类胡萝卜素产量为224.75μg/g。 相似文献
7.
磷是土壤生态系统中的重要组成元素,开展土壤磷循环研究对提高磷肥利用效率和降低磷的生态环境风险具有重要意义。磷酸盐氧同位素技术已经被证明是一种示踪环境中磷生物地球化学行为的有效方法。本文系统综述了磷酸盐氧同位素技术的研究进展和未来发展方向。详细介绍了磷酸盐氧同位素的技术原理、样品处理和测定方法;阐述了无机磷和有机磷的氧同位素特征及时空分布特征;从评估土壤磷微生物利用状况和示踪土壤磷循环两个方面探讨了磷酸盐氧同位素技术在土壤磷循环研究中的应用前景,分析了磷来源、环境条件、生物活动和样品前处理过程对土壤磷酸盐氧同位素特征的影响,最后展望了该技术未来的研究方向。以期为磷酸盐氧同位素技术在土壤学和环境科学领域的发展和应用提供新的视角和科学指导。 相似文献
8.
基于产量的稻田肥力质量评价及障碍因子区划——以进贤县为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
土壤肥力质量评价及土壤肥力障碍因子分析,对于区域土壤利用和改良、指导农业生产结构布局具有重要意义。以江西省进贤县为研究区,通过水稻遥感解译测产,结合主成分分析进行土壤质量评价;采用综合指数法表征土壤肥力质量水平,分析该区域低肥力质量区域主要障碍因素,并进行障碍因子区划。结果表明,该地区土壤肥力质量评价的最小数据集(MDS)指标包括:有机质、阳离子交换量(CEC)、全钾(TK)、交换性钙(Ex.Ca)、容重、粉黏比;土壤质量综合指数与水稻产量相关系数达到0.73(p0.01),以当地水稻平均产量7.215 t hm~(-2)确定土壤质量综合指数阈值为0.65。分析得出,该地区影响土壤肥力的主要障碍包括有机质含量低和容重较大反映的低熟化度障碍、中量元素缺乏反映的酸化障碍、全钾含量低和高粉黏比反映的结构障碍等。根据障碍因素将研究区域划分为三大障碍区:东南部丘陵区主要障碍因子为酸化和土壤结构障碍;中西部低岗平原主要为土壤酸化障碍;北部滨湖区主要障碍为水稻土熟化程度低。通过对不同区域施行针对性改良措施有益于提高土壤肥力。 相似文献
9.
不同方法预测河北省土壤有机碳密度空间分布特征的研究 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
运用多元线性回归、泛克里格和回归克里格三种方法,结合由DEM获取的地形属性因子预测了河北省土壤有机碳密度的空间分布。多元线性回归预测的残差较大,模型对总方差的解释仅18.6%,采用泛克里格方法后,预测残差降低,预测结果的极差范围变宽,低碳密度区的局部变异得以体现,模型对总方差的解释程度提高到53%。而回归克里格方法应用后预测残差和均方根预测误差进一步降低,模型对总方差的解释程度提高到65%,回归克里格方法也能更好地反映碳密度与地形的关系以及局部变异。三种方法中回归克里格预测效果最好,泛克里格次之,而多元线性回归方法最差。 相似文献
10.
Defining soil geochemical baselines at small scales using geochemical common factors and soil organic matter as normalizers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhigang Wang Jeremy Landon Darilek Yongcun Zhao Biao Huang Weixia Sun 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2011,11(1):3-14