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1.
A. HüTtermann Marie-Therese Oelbe E. Fritz G. Schlechte A. Bytom A. D. Jungk Y. Okon E. Fallik Rivka Hadas S. Sarig E. Yahalom Sara Tal A. Hartmann B. Kishinevsky Debora Gurfel Rina Lobel Y. Kapulnik D. A. Phillips Y. Hadar Y. Chen E. Jurkevitch J. Katan A. Gamliel H. Ziegler I. Chet A. Ordentlich Hadar Kless A. Oppenheim Avia Zilberstein D. Holland J. Berman A. Zamir R. Kaufman N. Bawnik C. Koncz J. Schell 《Phytoparasitica》1987,15(2):141-147
2.
Summary The genetics of 8 electrophoretically detectable enzymes in lentil was examined. The enzyme systems glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, malic enzyme, phosphoglucomutase, alcohol dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, shikimic dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase were assayed. The allozymes at each of the studied loci behaved in a codominant manner and segregated in the expected Mendelian fashion. Linkage tests between these loci and an additional morphological trait revealed two linkage groups that involved 5 loci, the rest were independent of each other. 相似文献
3.
Zooming in on a quantitative trait for tomato yield using interspecific introgressions 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
To explore natural biodiversity we developed and examined introgression lines (ILs) containing chromosome segments of wild species (Solanum pennellii) in the background of the cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum). We identified Brix9-2-5, which is a S. pennellii quantitative trait locus (QTL) that increases sugar yield of tomatoes and was mapped within a flower- and fruit-specific invertase (LIN5). QTL analysis representing five different tomato species delimited the functional polymorphism of Brix9-2-5 to an amino acid near the catalytic site of the invertase crystal, affecting enzyme kinetics and fruit sink strength. These results underline the power of diverse ILs for high-resolution perspectives on complex phenotypes. 相似文献
4.
S. Jeyakumar Arun Kumar DeA. Kundu Kuntola RoyJai Sunder M.S. KunduM. Balakrishnan Subhash ChandS.K. Zamir Ahmed 《Livestock Science》2013,152(1):79-87
Assessing the health of the testes in domestic animals is an important aspect of the breeding soundness examination and selection. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple method for scanning and to establish ultrasonographically the gross anatomic structures of the goat testes. Six adult male goats were examined to study the sonographic appearance of normal testes and epididymides using a water bath based ultrasound scanning technique. The ultrasonographic examinations were done using a 5–9 MHz/60 mm (7.5 MHz) linear-array transducer and a B-mode scanner. The ultrasonographic examination was performed in goats after standardizing the procedure on six testes collected from slaughter house. Results showed that in live goats when the probe was placed directly over the scrotum it gave distorted and unclear image. In water bath method the entire scrotum was dipped into a container filled with water and linear probe was used to observe the sonographic features of the testis. Each testis was viewed vertically, resulting in longitudinal image which was frozen, measured and printed through a thermal printer. The results of the ultrasonogram revealed that the testicular parenchyma was homogenous and moderately echogenic throughout. The diameter (mean±se) of the right and left testes was 4.47±0.14 and 4.42±0.07 cm respectively and no significant difference was observed between the testes. The mediastinum testis was a 1.50±0.22 cm wide linear structure of greater echogenicity than the testicular parenchyma when viewed in the transverse plane and nearly circular echogenic “spot” in the midline of the testis when viewed horizontally. The head and tail of the epididymides were easily identified on all the testes, but the epididymal body and ductus deferens were difficult to identify consistently. The tail of the epididymis was easily identified on the distal end of the testis with sonolucent tubules and appeared sonographically as a ‘peaked cap’ upon the testicular parenchyma. The diameter (mean±se) of the tail of right and left epididymis was 2.11±0.18 and 1.92±0.06 cm and no significant difference was observed between epididymides. The vascular pampiniform plexus (1.42±0.18 cm) was easily identified on the proximal end of the testes. The tunics of the testes appeared as a bright echogenic line. Inter-testicular septum appeared between testes as a hyperechoic line. It is concluded that ultrasonography permits a noninvasive evaluation of the internal structure of the scrotum and testes and water bath based sonographic examination may prove to be a valuable simple diagnostic methodology for evaluating physiopathologic conditions of goat testes and can be employed as a routine investigative method during breeding soundness and clinical examination. 相似文献
5.
Yeruham I Zamir S Perl S Garazi S 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2002,73(2):77-78
An apparently idiopathic interface diseasee in a 2-year-old Boer billy goat is described. Clinical features of the disease were the presence of a pruritic multiple focally disseminated dermatitis with flat-topped, angular, scaly plaques and papules with corrugated surfaces in the skin of virtually the entire body. The aetiology of the disorder in the described case is unknown. 相似文献
6.
C. Shoham G. Forer U. Mor J. Kern S. Cohen I. Harpaz Rachel Ben-Joseph Y. Antignus H. Czosnek S. Cohen R. Ber Rachel Ben-Joseph N. Navot D. Zamir Venezia Melamed-Madjar J. Hameiri M. Chen I. Ishaaya Zmira Mendelson M. J. Berlinger R. Dahan Sara Mordechi I. M. Seligman 《Phytoparasitica》1987,15(3):259-265
7.
Plant evolution under domestication has lead to increased productivity but at the same time it narrowed the genetic basis of crop species.…… 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):235-235
Plant evolution under domestication has lead to increased productivity, but at the same time it narrowed the genetic basis of crop species. A major objective in modem breeding is to return to the wild ancestors of crop plants and employ some of the diversity that was lost during domestication for the improvement of agricultural yields. Most of the genetic variation present in wild species has a negative effect on the adaptation of plants to agricultural environments, hence the challenge is to identify and utilize the rare advantageous traits in breeding program. To enhance the rate of progress of breeding based on wild species resources we developed a population of tomato segmental introgression lines （ILs-congenics）. The ILs are comprised of marker-defined genomic regions taken from the green fruited wild species S. pennellii and introduced （through genetic crosses） onto the genetic background of the elite inbred variety M82 （Eshed and Zamir, 1995）. The ILs constitute an ＇exotic library＇ where the entire wild species genome was partitioned among 76 lines each carrying a single homozygous introgressed segment. Implementation of this resource for quantitative trait loci （QTL） mapping is based on the nearly isogenic nature of the lines such that any phenotypic difference between M82 and an IL, or the hybrid of M82 with an IL （ILH）, is attributable to the S. pennellii genomic segments. 相似文献
8.
ABSTRACT Cylindrocarpon root rot, caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans, is an important disease on ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) in Canada. We studied the effects of iron (Fe) on disease severity and pathogen growth. When Hoagland's solution was amended with Fe at 56 and 112 mug/ml compared with 0 mug/ml, disease initiation and final severity on hydroponically maintained ginseng roots was significantly (P<0.0001) enhanced. Under field conditions, wounding of roots with a fine needle followed by application of 0.05% FeNaEDTA to the rhizosphere of treated plants significantly enhanced Cylindrocarpon root rot in 2003 and 2004 compared with unwounded roots with Fe or wounded roots without Fe. Foliar applications of Fe (as FeNaEDTA) to ginseng plants three times during the 2002 and 2003 growing seasons significantly increased Fe levels in root tissues. These roots developed larger lesions following inoculation with C. destructans in vitro. When radioactive Fe ((59)Fe) was applied to the foliage of ginseng plants, it was detected in the secondary phloem and in cortical and epidermal tissues within 1 week. Artificially wounded areas on the roots accumulated more (59)Fe than healthy areas. Diseased tissue also had threefold higher levels of phenolic compounds and Fe compared with adjoining healthy tissues. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed enhanced levels of protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, phloridizin, and quercetin. Phenolic compounds produced in diseased and wounded tissues sequestered Fe in vitro. The effects of Fe on mycelial growth, conidial germ tube length, and secondary branching of germ tubes of C. destructans were examined in vitro. When grown on Chrome-azurol S medium, Fe also was sequestered by C. destructans through siderophore production, which was visualized as a clearing pigmented zone at the margin of colonies. Mycelial dry weight was significantly increased in glucose/ yeast broth containing Fe at 56 or 112 mug/ml. Conidial germ tube length and secondary branching of hyphae also were enhanced after 8 and 16 h by Fe. Colony growth of C. destructans was not enhanced by Fe, but significantly greater spore production was observed with Fe at 56 and 112 mug/ml compared with no Fe in the medium. Although these levels of Fe had no effect on fungal pectinase enzyme activity, polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity was significantly (P <0.0001) enhanced. We conclude that Fe enhances Cylindrocarpon root rot through enhanced pathogen growth, sporulation, and PPO enzyme activity. Fe sequestered by phenolic compounds produced in wounded tissues can enhance Fe levels at the site of infection. The pathogen also has the ability to sequester Fe at these sites. 相似文献
9.
A genomic library of Lycopersicon pennellii in L. esculentum: A tool for fine mapping of genes 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
The cultivated tomato contains only a small fraction of the genetic variation present in its wild relatives. In order to use the wild germplasm in tomato breeding and genetic studies we developed a new kind of genetic resource which is composed of 50 L. esculentum lines each containing a single introgression from the green fruited species L. pennellii (LA 716). Each of the introgression lines is nearly isogenic to the cultivated tomato; these lines provide complete coverage of the wild species genome. The lines contain on the average an introgression of 33 cM from a total genome size of 1200 cM. The size and identity of the introgressed segments was determined based on RFLP analysis of 350 markers. This resource can be viewed as a genomic library of the wild species in the cultivated background. It covers the entire genome with single independent inserts per line and therefore every phenotypic difference between the introgression lines can be associated with the unique introgressed segment. The development and potential application of this resource are discussed. 相似文献
10.
L O Zamir A Nikolakakis F Sauriol O Mamer 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1999,47(5):1823-1835
Fusarium culmorum produces two major trichothecenes, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and sambucinol, and some minor apotrichothecenes. It was desired to investigate if during their biosynthesis a C-11-keto intermediate was involved. To verify this postulate, trichodiene, a known precursor to trichothecenes, was synthesized with two deuteriums at C-11 and one at C-15. It was then fed to F. culmorum cultures, and the derived metabolites were purified and analyzed. The results ruled out the involvement of an 11-keto intermediate but revealed two novel apotrichothecenes. The characterization of their structures suggested that one of the 2-hydroxy-11alpha-apotrichothecene stereoisomers (2alpha or 2beta) could be converted to sambucinol. These apotrichothecenes were therefore synthesized labeled specifically with two deuteriums at C-4 and C-15 and fed to F. culmorum cultures. Indeed, the result established for the first time that 2alpha-hydroxy-11alpha-apotrichothecene was a precursor to sambucinol. A biosynthetic scheme for the production of trichothecenes and apotrichothecenes is described. 相似文献