BOOK REVIEW     

GR FALLON 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(9):233-233

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Experimental acute yellow-wood (Terminalia oblongata) intoxication in sheep     

LJ FILIPPICH  GR CAO 《Australian veterinary journal》1993,70(6):214-218

SUMMARY An aqueous suspension of air-dried, hammer-milled leaf of Terminalla oblongata (yellow-wood) was administered to sheep by gavage, as a single dose of 5 to 20 g (dry weight)/kg body weight. Doses of 15 g/kg, or more, caused depression, Inappetence, abdominal pain and reduced ruminal movements within 24 to 48 h and some sheep also showed dyspnoea, oplsthotonus and champing of the Jaws. Haematology and blood gas and acid-base measurements were unaffected. In sheep given a dose of 12.5 g/kg, or more, plasma osmolality, aspartate aminotransferase activity and potassium and bilirubin concentrations Increased while plasma total protein markedly decreased and plasma sodium concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity remained normal. Most sheep were necropsled 48 h after dosing. The liver showed zonal hepatocellular necrosis, the pattern of which varied with the dose given. No renal lesions were observed, although one sheep given a very high dose became azotaemic and hyperkalaemic. Hydrothorax, hydroperlcardlum and ascltes developed In sheep given doses of 15 or 20 g/kg.  相似文献   

Whole-genome sequencing identifies missense mutation in GRM6 as the likely cause of congenital stationary night blindness in a Tennessee Walking Horse     

Yael L. Hack  Elizabeth E. Crabtree  Felipe Avila  Roger B. Sutton  Robert Grahn  Annie Oh  Brian Gilger  Rebecca R. Bellone 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(2):316-323

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Cuticular penetration of 2,4-D as affected by interaction between a diethylene glycol monooleate surfactant and apple leaf cuticles     

Siyuan Tan  Garvin D. Crabtree 《Pest management science》1994,41(1):35-39

Impacts of pH and sorption-desorption of ‘Pegosperse’ 100-O (PEG. 100-O; diethylene glycol monooleate, containing 15% diester) surfactant by apple (Malus pumila M.) leaf cuticles on surfactant-enhanced cuticular penetration of 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid] were studied. Glass cylinders were affixed to enzymatically isolated adaxial apple leaf cuticles after the cuticle segments had been soaked in 10 ml liter^?1 PEG 100-O solution and washed for 20 and 120 min, respectively. Quantities of [¹⁴C]2,4-D in the glass-cuticle chambers passing through the cuticles at pH values from 1 to 6 5 were determined. PEG 100-O significantly increased cuticular penetration of dissociated 2,4-D at pH 4–5; the surfactant had no effect on penetration of undissociated 2,4-D at pH 10. Surfactant-enhanced penetration of 2,4-D occurred only when the surfactant was in the cuticles, while the process of surfactant sorption-desorption alone had no effect on penetration. These results support a ‘hydrophilic channel’ hypothesis, i.e. that surfactants may create hydrophilic channels or increase the area of the channels in the cuticle and, consequently, enhance the passing of polar molecules like dissociated 2,4-D through the cuticle.  相似文献   

Binding of ciprofloxacin labelled with technetium Tc 99m versus 99mTc-pertechnetate to a live and killed equine isolate of Escherichia coli          下载免费PDF全文

Kate Alexander  Wm. Tod Drost  John S. Mattoon  Joseph J. Kowalski  Julie A. Funk    Amanda C. Crabtree 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2005,69(4):272-277

This paper describes a simple methodology for evaluating the bacterial binding of ciprofloxacin labelled with technetium Tc 99m. Using this methodology, the binding of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin by live Escherichia coli was compared with the binding of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin by killed E. coli and the binding of 99mTc-pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) by live E. coli. The antimicrobial effect of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin on E. coli was evaluated. Four groups were defined: live E. coli with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, live E. coli with 99mTcO4 , killed E. coli with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, and killed E. coli with 99mTcO4-. After 0, 2, and 4 h of incubation of 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units of E. coli suspended in 5 mL of sterile distilled water with 1.85 MBq of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin or 99mTcO4, 1 mL from each sample was centrifuged. The radioactivity of the bacterial pellet and that of the supernatant were measured separately, and the percentage of sample radioactivity attributable to bacterial binding was calculated. Of the 99mTc-ciprofloxacin, 3.6% to 5.9% was bound to live or killed E. coli; only 0.1% to 0.2% of the 99mTcO4- was bound to live E. coli (P < 0.0001). No significant difference in 99mTc-ciprofloxacin binding was found between live and killed E. coli (P = 0.887). An antimicrobial effect on E. coli was seen with 99mTc-ciprofloxacin: colony counts were reduced after 4 h. The small amount of 99mTc-ciprofloxacin binding and the lack of difference in binding between live and killed E. coli may limit the utility of this methodology in evaluating the presence of E. coli infection.  相似文献   

Organochlorine residues in golden eagles, United States--March 1964-July 1971     

R F Reidinger  D G Crabtree 《Pesticides monitoring journal》1974,8(1):37-43

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A review of oestrus suppression techniques in mares     

J. R. Crabtree 《Equine Veterinary Education》2022,34(3):141-151

Many fillies and mares are accused of behaving badly by their owners or trainers, and their reproductive hormones and ovaries are commonly blamed for this. Overt oestrus behaviour, however natural, is undesirable when a horse is being ridden, trained and competed. More subtle behaviours may be attributed to the reproductive cycle and presented as the cause of poor performance in the elite competition mare. Sometimes behaviours are complex, perhaps at odds with what one expects for normal reproductive behaviour and in many cases may not be associated with the reproductive cycle at all, rather associated with pain of musculoskeletal or soft tissue origin. The situation represents a diagnostic dilemma to positively associate undesirable behaviours with the ovarian hormones or ovarian pain, before an attempt can be made to modify the behaviour through the suppression of oestrus. This article will review the reasons for presentation, the behavioural patterns of the reproductive cycle and the diagnosis of reproductive behavioural problems. The range of techniques for oestrus suppression will be reviewed along with their clinical application and any known current regulatory issues associated with their use.  相似文献   

Immunohistochemical Expression of Growth Factors in the Follicular Wall of Normal and Cystic Ovaries of Sows          下载免费PDF全文

FJF Sant'Ana  JL Reis Junior  GR Blume  EJ Gimeno  F Rey  HH Ortega 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(2):327-332

The expression of growth factors was evaluated immunohistochemically in normal and cystic ovaries of sows. The immunohistochemically stained area (IHCSA) was quantified by image analysis to analyse the expression of these proteins in the follicular wall of secondary, tertiary and cystic follicles. IGF‐I immunoreactivity was strong in the granulosa cell layer (GC), moderate in the theca interna (TI) and mild in the theca externa (TE) of the normal follicles. There was severe reduction of the labelling to IGF‐I in the GC of the follicular and luteinized cysts. In the normal follicles, the reactivity for IGF‐II was very similar to pattern noted in IGF‐I. There was reduction of the IHCSAs in the GC of the follicular and luteinized cysts, but the decrease was not significant. The staining of the IGF‐II in the TI and TE of the cysts was increased, in comparison with normal follicles. The IHCSAs for VEGF were higher in the GC and TE of the normal follicles in contrast to TI, but this difference was noted only in the tertiary follicle. The VEGF reactivity increased in the GC of the cysts, in relation to normal follicles. The results of the current study show that the formation of ovarian cysts in sows is associated with alterations in the immunohistochemical expression of some growth factors.  相似文献   

Changes in productivity and profitability of wool-growing farms that follow recommendations from agricultural and veterinary studies     

GR LEAN  AL VIZARD  JK WEBB WARE 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(10):726-731

Objective To estimate the changes in productivity and profitability in a group of wool-growing farms as they adopted major recommendations from agricultural and veterinary studies.
Farms Four wool-growing farms in south western Victoria were selected from the clients of the Mackinnon Project, a farm consultancy service run from the University of Melbourne. Each farm had closely followed recommended procedures, kept comprehensive financial and physical records and had been clients for at least 5 years. The comparison group was the South Western Victoria Monitor Farm Project (SWVMFP), about 45 farms in the same region as the study farms that were monitored annually by Agriculture Victoria.
Procedure For a 7-year period, the financial and physical performance of both groups of farms was estimated. Stocking rate, wool production, gross farm income, farm operating costs, net farm income and return on assets were compared.
Results Mean gross farm income of the four study farms steadily rose from 86% of the average SWVMFP farm before the adoption of recommendations to an average of 155%. During the same period, net farm income rose from 70% to 207% of the average of the SWVMFP. Return on asset of the four farms rose irregularly from 26% to 145% of the average of the SWVMFP. Farm operating costs on the four farms were higher than for the SWVMFP group, but the ratio of costs remained relatively constant.
Conclusion The adoption of proven research results was associated with large increases in net farm income. An increase in gross income, rather than a reduction in costs was the main reason for this. Research results offer a way to increase the financial viability of wool-growing farmers, many of whom are currently unable to maintain their lifestyle, resources and infrastructure.  相似文献   

The adenovirus major late transcription factor activates the rat gamma-fibrinogen promoter   总被引：45，自引：0，他引：45  

L A Chodosh  R W Carthew  J G Morgan  G R Crabtree  P A Sharp 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,238(4827):684-688

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