Heat stress and effect of shade materials on hormonal and behavior response of dairy cattle: a review     

Reena Kamal  Triveni Dutt  Manjunath Patel  Amitava Dey  Panch Kishore Bharti  Poolangulam Chinnakkan Chandran 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):701-706

In tropical countries, at high temperatures, several physiological rearrangements occur in cows as they attempt to facilitate heat dissipation and/or reduce metabolic heat production. Following exposure to heat, cattle appear to acclimatize within 2–7 weeks. The failure of homeostasis at high temperatures may lead to reduced productivity or even death. The situation is even worse when humidity adds to high temperature. Livestock with elevated body temperature exhibit lower DMI and growth with less efficiency, reducing profitability for dairy farms in hot and humid climates. Shading of feed and water also offers production advantages. Although several elaborate methods for reducing heat stress in cows have been reported, simple shade materials appear to be the most cost-effective methods that are currently applicable to tropical developing countries. Different materials are being used to provide shade during warm weather. The shade material determines the microclimate—it should be light, strong, durable, weatherproof, good looking and a bad conductor of heat, and free from tendency to condense moisture inside. This review discusses various shade materials and their advantages and disadvantages in different situations.  相似文献   

Fracture of the apex of the patella after medial patellar desmotomy in a horse     

CB RILEY  JV YOVICH 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(1):37-39

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Environment. Environmental monitoring network for India     

Sundareshwar PV  Murtugudde R  Srinivasan G  Singh S  Ramesh KJ  Ramesh R  Verma SB  Agarwal D  Baldocchi D  Baru CK  Baruah KK  Chowdhury GR  Dadhwal VK  Dutt CB  Fuentes J  Gupta PK  Hargrove WW  Howard M  Jha CS  Lal S  Michener WK  Mitra AP  Morris JT  Myneni RR  Naja M  Nemani R  Purvaja R  Raha S  Vanan SK  Sharma M  Subramaniam A  Sukumar R  Twilley RR  Zimmerman PR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5822):204-205

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Therapeutic compliance     

CB CHAPMAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(6):442-442

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Relationship between gestation length of artificially inseminated ewes and number, weight and sex of lambs born     

F A Thrift  R H Dutt 《Journal of animal science》1972,34(3):441-444

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Effect of lactation duration on reproductive performance of sows   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A J Svajgr  V W Hays  G L Cromwell  R H Dutt 《Journal of animal science》1974,38(1):100-105

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Reaction of some wild and cultivated potato varieties to charcoal rot     

Devendra Sahai  B. L. Dutt  K. D. Paharia 《American Journal of Potato Research》1970,47(11):427-429

With a view to select potato varieties possessing resistance to charcoal rot, laboratory tests were carried out at the Central Potato Research Institute, Simla (India). Five hundred and twenty six clones comprising tuber-bearing species ofSolanum and varieties and hybrids of potato were screened for their reaction toMacrophomina phaseoli (Maubl.) Ashby. A high degree of resistance was observed in six clones ofSolanum chacoense and four hybrids withS. chacoense germ plasm, while moderate susceptibility was observed in another six clones ofS. chacoense, three clones ofSolanum tuberosum ssp.andigena and nineteen hybrids produced at the Institute.  相似文献   

A possible predisposition to dilated cardiomyopathy in Huntaway dogs     

JS Munday  CB Dyer  AC Hartman  GMB Orbell 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):231-234

AIM: To compare the prevalence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in New Zealand Huntaway dogs with the prevalence of DCM in other breeds of dog.

METHODS: The necropsy database at Massey University was used to identify cases of DCM diagnosed between January 1999 and March 2006. Dogs were considered to have DCM if echocardiographic, gross necropsy, or histological findings were consistent with this diagnosis. The prevalence in Huntaways was then compared with the prevalence observed in all breeds of dog, as well as the prevalence observed in large breeds of dog.

RESULTS: Twelve dogs were identified with DCM. One was diagnosed using echocardiography, while the other 11 were diagnosed by gross necropsy examination. The gross diagnosis of DCM was confirmed histologically in 6/11 dogs. The prevalence of DCM in Huntaways was significantly higher than the prevalence seen in all breeds of dog (p=0.008), and the prevalence in large breeds of dog (p=0.025). All four Huntaways diagnosed with DCM were male, and had an average age of 4 years. Three dogs presented with symptoms attributable to impaired heart function while one presented with symptoms of chronic renal failure. The duration of clinical symptoms prior to presentation ranged between 1 day and 3 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that Huntaways may be predisposed to the development of DCM. Although the increased prevalence in this breed was significant, only small numbers of affected Huntaways were identified, and additional cases are required to confirm these preliminary findings.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Huntaways are the most common working dog in New Zealand. The premature loss of a working dog is expected to have a significant economic impact on farmers. Further investigation of DCM in Huntaways may allow measures to reduce the prevalence in this breed.  相似文献   

Foliar Phosphorus Applications in the Forms of Phosphate and Phosphite Have Contrasting Effects on Wheat Performance Under Field Conditions     

Zambrosi  Fernando CB 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2019,22(5):395-401

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Since phosphite (Phi) cannot replace phosphate (Pi) as source of phosphorus (P) for plants, and grain crops might experience P deficiency after anthesis,...  相似文献   

A pilot study to investigate the measurement of immunoglobulin A in Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals’ faeces and their dam’s milk     

CB Riley  CJ Jenvey  FJ Baker  A Corripio 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2020,68(4):225-230

ABSTRACT

Aims: To determine if an ELISA for measurement of IgA in equine serum could be used to measure concentrations of IgA in foal faeces and to determine correlations with concentrations in the milk of the dam.

Methods: Faeces from 20 Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals and milk from their dams were collected within 12?hours (Day 0) and at 6 days after parturition (Day 6). On Day 6, faeces could not be collected from 2/20 foals, and milk samples could not be collected from 3/20 mares. An equine IgA ELISA validated for serum and plasma was used to measure concentrations of IgA in all samples in triplicate. The precision of the assay for each sample type was determined using modified CV.

Results: IgA was not detectable in 7/20 Day 0 faecal samples and in 2/18 Day 6 faecal samples. For samples with detectable IgA, the mean modified CV was 10.5 (95% CI?=?6.0–15.0)% for Day 0 faecal samples, and was 6.8 (95% CI?=?4.3–9.4)% for Day 6 faecal samples. Median concentrations of IgA in faeces on Day 0 were lower than concentrations on Day 6 (0.7?mg/g vs. 37?mg/g dry matter; p?=?0.003). Concentrations of IgA in milk and faeces on Day 6 were statistically correlated (r?=?0.59; p?=?0.006).

Conclusions and clinical relevance: The IgA ELISA showed acceptable precision when used to estimate concentrations of IgA in foal faeces during the first week of life, but IgA could not be detected in 37% of meconium samples collected on Day 0. This assay may be useful for investigation of the role of maternal milk IgA in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal foals, but further assessment of both accuracy and precision of the ELISA is required.  相似文献