Haemoglobin and packed cell volume of yaks at high altitude     

H. WINTER  U. TSHEWANG  BJ GURUNG  AW BEATTIE 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(9):299-301

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Top 20 environmental weeds for classical biological control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4  

AW SHEPPARD  RH SHAW†  & R SFORZA‡ 《Weed Research》2006,46(2):93-117

Classical biological control remains the only tool available for permanent ecological and economic management of invasive alien species that flourish through absence of their co‐evolved natural enemies. As such, this approach is recognized as a key tool for alien species management by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) and the European Strategy on Invasive Alien Species (ESIAS). Successful classical biological control programmes abound around the world, despite disproportionate attention being given to occasional and predictable non‐target impacts. Despite more than 130 case histories in Europe against insect pests, no exotic classical biological control agent has been released in the EU against an alien invasive weed. This dearth has occurred in the face of increasing numbers of exotic invasive plants being imported and taking over National Parks, forests and amenity areas in this region, as well as a global increase in the use of classical biological control around the world. This paper reviews potential European weed targets for classical biological control from ecological and socioeconomic perspectives using the criteria of historical biological control success, taxonomic isolation from European native flora, likely availability of biological control agents, invasiveness outside Europe and value to primary industry and horticulture (potential for conflicts of interest). We also review why classical biological control of European exotic plants remains untested, considering problems of funding and public perception. Finally, we consider the regulatory framework that surrounds such biological control activities within constituent countries of the EU to suggest how this approach may be adopted in the future for managing invasive exotic weeds in Europe.  相似文献   

Trachymene glaucifolia associated with bentleg in lambs     

AW PHILBEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(12):468-468

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Skeletal myopathy induced by monensin in adult turkeys     

AW PHILBEY 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(7):250-251

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Conception rates in European fallow does (Dama dama dama) following intrauterine insemination with frozen-thawed semen from Mesopotamian fallow (Dama dama mesopotamica) and crossbred (Dama dama dama x Dama dama mesopotamica) bucks     

GE MYLREA  G. EVANS†  AW ENGLISH 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(9):294-295

Ninety eight parous fallow does received laparoscopic intrauterine insemination of frozen-thawed semen at one of 2 fixed intervals following oestrus synchronisation treatment. Semen was collected from a Mesopotamian (Dama dama mesopotamica) and a crossbred (F1) (Dama dama dama x Dama dama mesopotamica) fallow buck. Does were inseminated at either 56 or 66 hours after the removal of an intravaginal controlled internal drug releasing device. Eighty eight does received a single straw of frozen-thawed semen containing a total of 50 x 10(6) spermatozoa, while the remaining 10 received split straws containing 25 x 10(6) spermatozoa. Overall, the use of F1 semen containing 50 x 10(6) spermatozoa resulted in a 68% (17/25) conception rate compared with the Mesopotamian semen, which resulted in a 41% (26/63) conception rate. Conceptions were also achieved using 25 x 10(6) spermatozoa of either Mesopotamian or F1 semen (3/8 versus 2/2, respectively). Overall, the conception rate was higher for F1 than Mesopotamian semen (P less than 0.025) and there was a significant interaction with time of insemination (P less than 0.05); for F1 semen there was no difference in conception rate at the 2 insemination times, but for Mesopotamian semen conception was significantly higher (P less than 0.005) following insemination at 66 hours than at 56 hours.  相似文献   

Effect of pork belly composition and nitrite level on nitrosamine formation in fried bacon     

J W Pensabene  J I Feinberg  C J Dooley  J G Phillips  W Fiddler 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1979,27(4):842-845

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Loss of IGF2 imprinting: a potential marker of colorectal cancer risk   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cui H  Cruz-Correa M  Giardiello FM  Hutcheon DF  Kafonek DR  Brandenburg S  Wu Y  He X  Powe NR  Feinberg AP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5613):1753-1755

Loss of imprinting (LOI), an epigenetic alteration affecting the insulin-like growth factor II gene (IGF2), is found in normal colonic mucosa of about 30% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but it is found in only 10% of healthy individuals. In a pilot study to investigate the utility of LOI as a marker of CRC risk, we evaluated 172 patients at a colonoscopy clinic. The adjusted odds ratio for LOI in lymphocytes was 5.15 for patients with a positive family history [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.70 to 16.96; probability P = 0.002], 3.46 for patients with adenomas (95% CI, 1.14 to 11.37; P = 0.026), and 21.7 for patients with CRC (95% CI, 3.48 to 153.6; P = 0.0005). LOI can be assayed with a DNA-based blood test, and it may be a valuable predictive marker of an individual's risk for CRC.  相似文献   

Muscular thin films for building actuators and powering devices     

Feinberg AW  Feigel A  Shevkoplyas SS  Sheehy S  Whitesides GM  Parker KK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5843):1366-1370

We demonstrate the assembly of biohybrid materials from engineered tissues and synthetic polymer thin films. The constructs were built by culturing neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes on polydimethylsiloxane thin films micropatterned with extracellular matrix proteins to promote spatially ordered, two-dimensional myogenesis. The constructs, termed muscular thin films, adopted functional, three-dimensional conformations when released from a thermally sensitive polymer substrate and were designed to perform biomimetic tasks by varying tissue architecture, thin-film shape, and electrical-pacing protocol. These centimeter-scale constructs perform functions as diverse as gripping, pumping, walking, and swimming with fine spatial and temporal control and generating specific forces as high as 4 millinewtons per square millimeter.  相似文献   

Mutation affecting the 12th amino acid of the c-Ha-ras oncogene product occurs infrequently in human cancer   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

A P Feinberg  B Vogelstein  M J Droller  S B Baylin  B D Nelkin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,220(4602):1175-1177

A point mutation alters the 12th amino acid of the c-Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in a human bladder cancer cell line. This is, at present, the only mutation known to result in a human transforming gene. This mutation may therefore represent a possible target for mutagenesis leading to carcinogenesis in humans. By means of restriction enzyme analysis, 29 human cancers, including 20 primary tumor tissues, derived from organs commonly exposed to environmental carcinogens, were tested for the presence of this mutation. None of ten primary bladder carcinomas exhibited the mutation; nor did nine colon carcinomas or ten carcinomas of the lung. Thus the point mutation affecting the 12th amino acid of the c-Ha-ras gene product, while a valuable model for carcinogenesis, does not appear to play a role in the development of most human epithelial cancers of the bladder, colon, or lung.  相似文献   

Use of restriction fragment length polymorphisms to determine the clonal origin of human tumors   总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37  

B Vogelstein  E R Fearon  S R Hamilton  A P Feinberg 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,227(4687):642-645

A novel strategy to determine the clonal origin of human tumors has been devised. The strategy involves the use of a cloned polymorphic X-chromosomal gene and two restriction endonucleases. The first endonuclease distinguishes the paternal and maternal copies of the gene through a DNA polymorphism of restriction fragment length. The second endonuclease distinguishes active from inactive copies of this gene through changes in DNA methylation. As illustrations of this strategy, three human cancers were each shown to be monoclonal. The analysis described should have a wide variety of clinical and experimental applications.  相似文献