Chemistry of crop protection—progress and prospects in science and regulation. G Voss and G Ramos. Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co,Weinheim, Germany, 2003. xi + 395 pp. ISBN 3‐527‐30540‐8     

GT Brooks 《Pest management science》2003,59(11):1271-1272

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Evaluation of hematological,biochemical and oxidative stress profile in calves under propofol anesthesia     

Lima  Pedro Paulo Arcanjo  Narciso  Luis Gustavo  Alcindo  Jefferson Filgueira  Deschk  Maurício  Ciarlini  Paulo Cesar  dos Santos  Paulo Sérgio Patto  de Almeida  Breno Fernando Martins 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):27-35

Veterinary Research Communications - Propofol is a widely used drug in veterinary medicine to induce anesthesia; as well as the chosen compound for protocols of intravenous anesthesia. The present...  相似文献   

Tree plantations on farms: Evaluating growth and potential for success     

Jefferson S. Hall  Brian E. Love  Eva J. GarenJacob L. Slusser  Kristin SaltonstallShane Mathias  Michiel van BreugelDiogenes Ibarra  Edward W. BorkDean Spaner  Mark H. WishnieMark S. Ashton 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(10):1675-1683

Interest in native species is growing across the tropics as reforestation of degraded lands becomes more widespread. In this study four tree species native to Panama - Cedrela odorata, Pachira quinata, Samanea saman, and Tabebuia rosea - were grown on rural farms at two dry tropical sites in Panama for up to five years. Survivorship and growth data at these “on-farm” trials are compared to data recorded from nearby experimental or “species selection” trial sites and evaluated in terms of soil fertility and management. Participant farmers were also asked about their interest in planting trees in general as well as their interest in 61 species grown in the species selection trial.Although, on-farm survivorship was variable and generally lower than that found on the species selection trial, one species (S. saman) experienced high and consistent survivorship. High survivorship combined with growth data from farms at both sites for this species suggests it would be a good candidate for extension projects working with rural farmers. Survivorship of other species appears more sensitive to farmer management and/or local site conditions. Generally lower growth on the Los Santos farms as compared to the species-selection trial is attributed to the lower soil fertility (plant available P) at the on-farm sites compared to the species selection trial. In contrast, only one species - P. quinata - had a growth variable found to be significantly lower between the on-farm and species selection trial sites in Rio Hato. C. odorata, P. quinata T. rosea can all be used in on-farm conditions with consideration to specific site and management conditions.By 2009, approximately 80% of the farmers planting trees still wished to participate in tree planting activities. All of the farmers no longer wishing to continue with the project expressed slow growth rates of trees as a principal reason. All but one of these farmers had growth rates for his/her trees markedly below those of the species selection trial nearby. Some farmers wishing to continue had very high mortality rates (>70% for all species), suggesting non-tangible benefits for participating in project activities. Other species that were not tested on-farm but grew well in the species-selection trials and were of interest to local farmers are discussed.As long as specific site and management conditions are carefully considered, data from species selection trials can be useful in informing tree planting projects with rural farmers; however, care should be taken to manage expectations.  相似文献   

Rhabdias kongmongthaensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) from Polypedates leucomystax (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae) in Thailand     

Kuzmin Y  Tkach VV  Vaughan JA 《Folia parasitologica》2005,52(4):339-342

Rhabdias kongmongthaensis sp. n. is described based on specimens found in the lungs of the tree frog Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst) (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae) from Kanchanaburi Province, western Thailand. The new species is similar to two North-American species, Rhabdias ranae and R. americanus, by presence of two lateral pseudolabia, each with two inner submedian protuberances. R. kongmongthaensis differs from both species by relative length and shape of the tail, and by its distribution and host specificity. Presence of lateral pseudolabia distinguishes the new species from the geographically closest Rhabdias species as well as from those parasitizing other rhacophorid frogs.  相似文献   

Commuting distances to local non‐farm workplaces and out‐migration: The case of Northeast Thailand     

Yuko Shirai  Stephen Leisz  Jefferson Fox  A. Terry Rambo 《Asia Pacific viewpoint》2019,60(3):280-295

The relationship between commuting distances and where people work has been studied for urban contexts in both developed countries and developing countries. However, few studies have examined the situation in rural areas, and none look at commuting distances to non‐farm workplaces in rural areas of developing countries. This paper investigates how commuting distance, and thus accessibility, to local non‐farm work influences non‐farm employment and out‐migration from rural villages in Northeast Thailand. The main issues examined are: (i) the distance that rural residents travel to work in local non‐farm jobs; and (ii) the influence that local non‐farm employment has on the number of outmigrants from rural villages. The study finds: (i) distance between villages and non‐farm work sites impact the number of villagers who are employed in regular wage work; (ii) beyond 20 km villagers are less likely to travel to non‐farm employment using their own means of transportation; and (iii) employment in regular wage work decreases outmigration. The findings from this study contribute to the debates over the drivers of rural out‐migration, rural livelihood changes, and agrarian changes that are taking place in Southeast Asia.  相似文献   

Catchment‐scale determinants of nonindigenous minnow richness in the eastern United States          下载免费PDF全文

Brandon K. Peoples  Stephen R. Midway  Jefferson T. DeWeber  Tyler Wagner 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(1):138-145

Understanding the drivers of biological invasions is critical for preserving aquatic biodiversity. Stream fishes make excellent model taxa for examining mechanisms driving species introduction success because their distributions are naturally limited by catchment boundaries. In this study, we compared the relative importance of catchment‐scale abiotic and biotic predictors of native and nonindigenous minnow (Cyprinidae) richness in 170 catchments throughout the eastern United States. We compared historic and contemporary cyprinid distributional data to determine catchment‐wise native/nonindigenous status for 152 species. Catchment‐scale model predictor variables described natural (elevation, precipitation, flow accumulation) and anthropogenic (developed land cover, number of dams) abiotic features, as well as native congener richness. Native congener richness may represent either biotic resistance via interspecific competition, or trait preadaptation according to Darwin's naturalisation hypothesis. We used generalised linear mixed models to examine evidence supporting the relative roles of abiotic and biotic predictors of cyprinid introduction success. Native congener richness was positively correlated with nonindigenous cyprinid richness and was the most important variable predicting nonindigenous cyprinid richness. Mean elevation had a weak positive effect, and effects of other abiotic factors were insignificant and less important. Our results suggest that at this spatial scale, trait preadaptation may be more important than intrageneric competition for determining richness of nonindigenous fishes.  相似文献   

Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis growth and fish community structure,inside and outside a marine‐protected area in the Baltic Sea          下载免费PDF全文

T. R. Nelson  A. E. Jefferson  P. T. Cooper  C. A. Buckley  K. L. Heck Jr  J. Mattila 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2018,25(3):172-185

Growth of Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis L. and fish community structure between sites within a marine‐protected area (MPA) and unprotected sites in the Baltic Sea were examined. Von Bertalanffy, logistic and Gompertz growth models were fitted to P. fluviatilis length at age data, and the logistic model was the most parsimonious for growth between locations. A larger mean maximum size (L_∞) and a smaller instantaneous growth rate (g) were found within the MPA. All three models also predicted that after age seven, fish inside the MPA would be larger. Community structure differed with more P. fluviatilis collected outside of the MPA, and more roach Rutilus rutilus (L.) and bleak Alburnus alburnus (L.) collected inside the MPA. These growth differences may be indicative of recreational fishing effects on P. fluviatilis outside of the MPA, a result of complex interspecific and intraspecific species interactions, or other undetected environmental variation between locations.  相似文献   

Lactose Synthase Components in Milk: Concentrations of α-Lactalbumin and β1,4-Galactosyltransferase in Milk of Cows from Several Breeds at Various Stages of Lactation     

GT Bleck  MB Wheeler  LB Hansen  H Chester-Jones  DJ Miller 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(2):241-247

It is believed that milk production is determined by the number and activity of mammary secretory cells. Secretory activity, as assessed by milk volume, depends on secretion of the major osmole in milk, lactose, which is produced by lactose synthase. The amount of either of the two proteins in lactose synthase may regulate milk production. The objective of this study was to determine whether the concentrations in milk of the two components of lactose synthase, α‐lactalbumin (α‐LA) and β1,4‐galactosyltransferase (B4GALT), were related to genetic background, stage of lactation, breed or parity of dairy cows. α‐Lactalbumin and B4GALT concentrations were measured by ELISA and by enzyme assays, respectively, from single milk samples. Two herds with a total of 279 cows were used in the analysis. One herd contained Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Holstein and Jersey cows; the second herd contained two groups of cows; Holsteins selected for high milk production and Holsteins with 1960s genetics. The α‐LA concentration in milk was greater in Jerseys and Ayrshires than in Holsteins and Brown Swiss. However, no difference in α‐LA concentration was observed in milk from high and low genetic merit cows in the Minnesota herd or among different genetic backgrounds in the Illinois herd. β1,4‐Galactosyltransferase concentrations were similar for all groups that were analyzed. α‐Lactalbumin concentrations were positively correlated with milk protein concentration, milk fat concentration and lactose concentration. β1,4‐Galactosyltransferase concentration in milk exhibited a strong positive correlation with number of days in milk. Although the concentration of B4GALT increased as lactation progressed, the values did not show any correlation with persistency of lactation or late lactation milk production. In conclusion, this survey shows that the two components of lactose synthase are each correlated to protein concentration and individually correlated to the concentration of other milk components and stage of lactation.  相似文献   

Organogenesis and foetal haemodynamics during the normal gestation of healthy black‐rumped agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha,Wagler, 1831) bred in captivity          下载免费PDF全文

FCA Sousa  GT Pessoa  LS Moura  JR Araújo  RPS Rodrigues  MAPS Barbosa  AN Diniz  AB Souza  EG Silva  LU Lucena  MP Sanches  OF Silva‐Filho  PC Guerra  JM Sousa  WC Neves  FR Alves 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(1):60-66

The objective of this study was to define the patterns of organogenesis and foetal haemodynamics during the normal gestation of healthy agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) kept in captivity. Thirty pregnant agoutis that ranged in size from small to medium and weighed between 2.5 and 3 kg underwent B‐mode and Doppler ultrasonography for the biometric evaluation of the foetal organs. The foetal aortic blood flow proved to be predominantly systolic, and the measured flow velocity was 78.89 ± 2.95 cm/s, with a maximum pressure gradient of 2.12 ± 0.27 mmHg. The liver was characterized by its large volume, occupying the entire cranial aspect of the abdominal cavity, and it was associated cranially with the diaphragm and caudally with the stomach. The flow velocity in the portal vein was estimated to equal 12.17 ± 2.37 cm/s, with a resistivity index of 0.82 ± 0.05. The gallbladder was centrally located and protruded cranially towards the diaphragm. The spleen was visualized as an elongated structure with tapered cranial and caudal extremities, and the foetal kidneys were visualized bilaterally in the retroperitoneal region, with the right kidney positioned slightly more cranially than the left. The morphological characterization and hemodynamic analysis of the foetal organs of black‐rumped agoutis via B‐mode and Doppler ultrasonography allow determination of the vascular network and of reference values for the blood flow required for perfusing the anatomical elements essential for maintaining the viability of foetuses at different gestational ages.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of Soil P Availability Tests to Ca-P in Oxisols     

Samuel Vasconcelos Valadares  Víctor Hugo Alvarez V.  Jefferson Luiz de Aguiar Paes  Caio Buainain Lins  Roberto Ferreira Novais 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(15):1834-1842

We assessed the sensitivity of mixed exchange resin (MER) and Mehlich-3 (M3) to calcium-bound phosphate (Ca-P) in Oxisols. These methods were compared with Mehlich-1 (M1) and anion exchange resin (AER), which have high and low sensitivity, respectively, to this soil P form. We used maize (Zea mays L.) as a test plant. Three samples from two Oxisols were treated with five ratios of Triple Superphosphate—TS and Bayóvar Phosphate Rock—BPR (0 + 100; 25 + 75, 50 + 50, 75 + 25 and 100 + 0% TS + BPR). The MER extracted more P than AER and M3 at the highest BPR:TS ratios (high Ca-P) and similar quantities at the higher TS:BPR ratios (low Ca-P) for two soil samples. Unlike M1-extracted P, M3-P, AER-P, and MER-P positively correlated with maize dry matter production and P uptake. Mehlich-3 and MER were suitable to assess P availability in high Ca-P Oxisols.  相似文献