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1.
Thomas P. Howard Brendan Fahy Fiona Leigh Phil Howell Wayne Powell Andy Greenland Kay Trafford Alison M. Smith 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014
The effects on barley starch and grain properties of four starch synthesis mutations were studied during the introgression of the mutations from diverse backgrounds into an elite variety. The lys5f (ADPglucose transporter), wax (granule-bound starch synthase), isa1 (debranching enzyme isoamylase 1) and sex6 (starch synthase IIa) mutations were introgressed into NFC Tipple to give mutant and wild-type BC2F4 families with different genomic contributions of the donor parent. Comparison of starch and grain properties between the donor parents, the BC2F4 families and NFC Tipple allowed the effects of the mutations to be distinguished from genetic background effects. The wax and sex6 mutations had marked effects on starch properties regardless of genetic background. The sex6 mutation conditioned low grain weight and starch content, but the wax mutation did not. The lys5 mutation conditioned low grain weight and starch content, but exceptionally high β-glucan contents. The isa1 mutation promotes synthesis of soluble α-glucan (phytoglycogen). Its introgression into NFC Tipple increased grain weight and total α-glucan content relative to the donor parent, but reduced the ratio of phytoglycogen to starch. This study shows that introgression of mutations into a common, commercial background provides new insights that could not be gained from the donor parent. 相似文献
2.
J.L Cadoré S Steiner-Laurent T Greenland J.F Mornex R Loire 《Research in veterinary science》1997,62(3):287
Postmortem bronchoalveolar lavage of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected cats indicated an alveolitis process, and histological examination of their lungs confirmed the occurrence of alveolitis, parenchymatous lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and myomatosis. Similar lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis has been described in human and animal lentiviral diseases: lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in hiv-1-infected human beings, and maedi in sheep infected by the maedi-visna virus. Such lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis may thus be a common feature of lentiviral infections. 相似文献
3.
Gas emissions and the eruptions of mount st. Helens through 1982 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Casadevall T Rose W Gerlach T Greenland LP Ewert J Wunderman R Symonds R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,221(4618):1383-1385
The monitoring of gas emissions from Mount St. Helens includes daily airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide in the volcanic plume and monthly sampling of gases from crater fumaroles. The composition of the fumarolic gases has changed slightly since 1980: the water content increased from 90 to 98 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentrations decreased from about 10 to 1 percent. The emission rates of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide were at their peak during July and August 1980, decreased rapidly in late 1980, and have remained low and decreased slightly through 1981 and 1982. These patterns suggest steady outgassing of a single batch of magma (with a volume of not less than 0.3 cubic kilometer) to which no significant new magma has been added since mid-1980. The gas data were useful in predicting eruptions in August 1980 and June 1981. 相似文献
4.
Peterhans E Greenland T Badiola J Harkiss G Bertoni G Amorena B Eliaszewicz M Juste RA Krassnig R Lafont JP Lenihan P Pétursson G Pritchard G Thorley J Vitu C Mornex JF Pépin M 《Veterinary research》2004,35(3):257-274
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV = maedi-visna in sheep and caprine arthritis encephalitis in goats) are distributed throughout most countries of the world, particularly Europe. Laboratories from 16 European countries established collaborations within the framework of a COST (CO-operation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research) action sponsored by the European Union in order to (i) better organize their research programmes on SRLVs and (ii) to coordinate efforts to combat these two diseases. After five years, a consensus conference--the first one in the veterinary medicine field--concluded the work of this network of laboratories by reviewing the present position and discussing three important questions in the field of SRLVs: routes of transmission, consequences of infection and potential role of eradication programmes at either a European or local level, according to the situation in each country or region. This paper brings together existing information regarding these questions and identifies areas for future research. 相似文献
5.
M Asakawa JW Ludders B Badgley HN Erb LP Posner RD Gleed 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(4):12-13
Adenosine is a potent analgesic in people and reduces the MAC of halothane in dogs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether adenosine reduces the MAC of isoflurane in dogs. Seven beagles (four males and three females) were anesthetized and randomly assigned to receive adenosine (0.3 mg kg–1 minute–1; 6 mL kg–1 hour–1, IV) or saline (0.9%, 6 mL kg–1 hour–1IV). After an interval of ≥7 days, each dog was reanesthetized and treated with the alternate infusion. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dogs were intubated and instrumented for measurement of mean systemic arterial blood pressure and airway concentration of isoflurane and end‐tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide. The MAC for isoflurane was determined using the tail‐clamp technique. Baseline MAC values were 1.25 (1.15, 1.35)% [median (minimum, maximum)] and 1.25 (1.05, 1.45)% before the saline and adenosine treatments, respectively. After 2 hours of infusion with saline or adenosine, MAC values were not different (p = 0.156) and were 1.25 (0.95, 1.35)% and 1.05 (1.00, 1.25)%, respectively. Two hours following the end of each infusion, the MAC values for saline and adenosine treatment groups differed significantly (p = 0.015), but by no more than the normal variation inherent in this study, and were 1.15 (1.15, 1.35)% and 1.05 (1.05, 1.25)%, respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure was 93 (74, 123) mm Hg for saline treated dogs and 67 (52, 72) mm Hg (p = 0.008) during adenosine infusion. End‐tidal carbon dioxide was not different between the two treatment groups. We conclude that adenosine administered at 0.3 mg kg–1 minute–1had no effect on isoflurane MAC in dogs, but decreased mean arterial blood pressure. 相似文献
6.
以发生于本市的一起兔病毒性出血症与大肠杆菌病混合感染的病例为题材，从发病情况、临床症状、病变、实验室检查、防治等几个方面作了详尽的阐述，为临床上治疗该病提供参考依据。 相似文献
7.
A study on the diurnal changes of soil moisture content and on the isothermal and thermally induced moisture fluxes was conducted on an Alfisol at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria, on no-tillage and conventional-tillage plots. These studies were conducted during the 1980 dry season, 9 years after initiating the tillage treatments in 1971. Three bare 5 × 5 m2 plots per treatment were used to study diurnal changes in moisture content as soil dried from the initial moisture status of field capacity. The latter was attained by excessive and deep irrigation. Moisture content, moisture potential, and soil temperature were monitored three times a day (08:00, 14:00 and 18:00 h) at the depths of 0–7, 7–14 and 14–21 cm for four 7 day periods at weekly intervals. These results, along with physical characterization of the soil profile and changes in air temperature, were used to calculate isothermal, thermally induced liquid and vapor fluxes.
Results showed that there was a general increase in soil moisture content with sampling depth during the night (18:00 to 08:00 h), and a general decrease with depth during the day (08:00 to 18:00 h). The amplitude of the diurnal cycle of water content changes decreased with depth, and was superimposed on a progressive depletion in water content in the layers studied. The first layer of the conventional-tillage treatment dried to a lower water content than that of the no-tillage treatment. Partition of moisture fluxes, induced by isothermal and thermal conditions, showed that isothermal liquid flux was dominant in no-tillage, and that thermal vapor flux was very important as soil dried in conventional-tillage.
The direction of the fluxes observed (i.e. isothermal liquid flux always being positive upwards and thermal vapor flux positive during the night and negative downwards during the day) was of critical importance as the soil dried. The liquid fluxes became less important and thermal vapor and probably isothermal vapor fluxes became more important with soil moisture depletion. Vapor movement under these circumstances may have played an important role in supplying water to roots both during the day (deep roots) and night (shallow roots) depending on the magnitude of the fluxes. Vapor fluxes were higher and started earlier in conventional-tillage than in no-tillage. 相似文献
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9.
H Chevalier LP Posner JW Ludders HN Erb RD Gleed 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):114-114
Our purpose was to assess the accuracy and precision of a point of care hemoglobinometer (HemoCue‐B hemoglobin photometer) for measuring hemoglobin concentration in horse blood. Samples of jugular venous blood from 12 healthy adult horses were collected in EDTA. In order to test the device over a wide range of values, each sample was divided into nine aliquots, and autologous plasma was added or removed from the aliquots to produce blood with PCV values that approximated 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80%, respectively. The aliquots were rocked to ensure mixing of plasma and cells. Then hemoglobin by HemoCue‐B (HbHQ) and hemoglobin by the cyanmethemoglobin method (HbCY) were measured on each aliquot. The PCV of each aliquot was also measured and this value was used for subsequent analyses. To test repeatability, hemoglobin was measured twice by the HemoCue‐B on approximately 40% samples. Samples with HbHQ >25.4 g dL?1 required dilution prior to analysis. HbCY ranged from 1.6 to 33.4 g dL?1. After regression, HbCY = ?0.16 + 1.04 HbHQ (n = 101; r2 = 99.6%). By inspection of a modified Bland‐Altman plot, HbHQ values <16 g dL?1 closely approximated HbCY; however, at greater values, HbHQ underestimated HbCY by as much as 3.2 g dL?1. The difference between repeated measurements with the HemoCue‐B was 0.02 ± 0.16 g dL?1 (mean ± SD; n = 10) and nonsignificant. After regression, PCV = ?0.76 + 2.78 HbHQ (n = 101; r2 = 99.4%). We conclude that HemoCue‐B can be used to measure hemoglobin concentration in horse blood, and that it is accurate when hemoglobin is <16 g dL?1. PCV can be estimated by multiplying HbHQ by 2.8 and then subtracting 0.8. 相似文献
10.
Aftertaste is a taste perceiption after a food or beverage is either swallowed or spat out.The primary taste processing area located in the insula was considered to be involved in aftertaste perception.The changes in chemical compositions lead to the changes in aftertaste of tea.Tea fermentation,in which tea catechins are transformed into thearubigins,lead to a strong,distinctive flavor but a plain aftertaste.Theanine has a sweet taste,with little or no aftertaste.The bitter aftertaste of transglucosylated steviosides was reduced when they were converted through transglucosylation of stevioside by α-amylase.Characteristics of aftertaste include quality,intensity,and duration.Foods that have lingering aftertastes typically have long sensation durations.A surface plasmon resonance （SPR） system immobilized β-cyclodextrin indicated larger responses for the gallate-type catechins in comparison to the non-gallate-type catechins.The β-cyclodextrin/SPR system can sense the bitter-astringent taste intensity of the green tea.The SPR system detected the stability of the complex between the gallate-type catechins and β-cyclodextrin,which can be interpreted as the aftertaste produced in humans by the gallate-type catechins. 相似文献