烟草青枯病生防菌的筛选及其田间防效评价   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张洁梅  张仁军  姚正平  吴金虎  王亮  候正学  杨壮  殷红慧  陈穗云 《中国农学通报》2020,36(28):131-136

为筛选出对烟草青枯病有效防治的生防菌,通过稀释涂布法从烟株根际土壤分离到一株具有明显拮抗作用的菌株69-1,经16S rDNA鉴定该菌株为壮观链霉菌(Streptomyces spectabilis),并用该菌株进行烟草青枯病田间防治试验。结果表明,与对照相比,经菌株69-1处理烟株茎围、有效叶片数、最大叶宽、最大叶长、上中下部烟叶单叶干重、最大叶面积、产量均显著增加,且对烟草青枯病的相对防效达60.42%,同时对不同处理组的初烤烟叶进行化学成分的检测分析,发现菌株69-1处理相对于对照组烟叶品质更佳。该菌株菌剂处理不仅可以提高烟株对烟草青枯病的防效,而且还提高烟叶品质和产量,可为烟草青枯病生物防治提供一定参考。  相似文献   

Growth Responses and Differences in Gene Expression depending on Cultivation Temperature between Alternative type Wheat Varieties     

Heo  Ji Hye  Seong  Hye Ju  Yang  Woon Ho  Jung  Woosuk 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(1):47-55

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Two domestic wheat varieties were grown in the growth chamber set at 17°C, 20°C, 23°C and 26°C on average after the emergence of...  相似文献   

Milk vetch dwarf virus infection in the Solanaceae and Caricaceae families in Southeast Asia     

Aamir Lal  Eui-Joon Kil  Vo T. B. Thuy  Chairina Fadhila  Phuong T. Ho  Hee-Seong Byun  Hang T. Dao  Ji-Kwang Kim  Sukchan Lee 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1026-1033

Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) is an important member of the genus Nanovirus and is transmitted by the aphid Aphis craccivora. MDV has multiple single-stranded DNA genome components, each approximately 1 kb, and two or three alpha-satellite molecules. It mainly infects plants of the legume family Fabaceae. Recently, papaya (Carica papaya) collected in Yesan, South Korea, displaying symptoms of leaf yellowing and dwarfism, was identified as a new host for MDV. To examine the geographical distribution of MDV, papaya samples with symptoms were harvested in South Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan in August 2018, along with tomato and pepper samples grown in adjacent fields in Vietnam. The results revealed the presence of MDV not only in papaya but also in pepper and tomato. This MDV infection in members of the Solanaceae family was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization performed using a PCR product of segment S as a probe. Based on sequence analysis of three MDV components (M, S, and C3), we verified the presence of three different isolates of MDV in these three countries and homology between sequences of isolates from papaya and from members of the Solanaceae from Vietnam. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate MDV infection in Vietnam and Taiwan for the first time and confirm that MDV can infect economically important pepper and tomato.  相似文献   

宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状的遗传参数估计和主成分分析     

母童  虎红红  冯小芳  田佳  温万  张娟  顾亚玲 《畜牧兽医学报》2021,52(4):954-966

旨在评估宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状的遗传水平。本研究使用DMU（v6.0）软件的AI-REML模块结合EM算法并配合多性状动物模型对宁夏地区12 415头荷斯坦牛，包括111 735个观察值的9个乳房性状进行遗传参数估计，运用主成分分析法（PCA）探讨构象性状之间的关系。结果表明，宁夏地区荷斯坦牛乳房性状遗传力处于中等偏低水平，乳房深度遗传力值为0.242，乳房质地为0.080，悬韧带为0.183，前乳房附着为0.230，前乳头位置为0.231，前乳头长度为0.173，后乳房高为0.272，后乳房宽为0.378，后乳头位置为0.169。各性状遗传相关范围为-0.277~0.706，表型相关范围为-0.084~0.316。研究共筛选出特征值≥1的4个主成分，占总方差的64.19%，且9个乳房性状在前3个主成分中已全部体现，荷载系数均在0.4以上。本研究通过对宁夏地区奶牛DHI数据的深入挖掘和遗传参数估计，准确地把握了宁夏奶牛群体的结构特征，对于奶牛的选种选配和育种规划具有重要意义。  相似文献   

乡村振兴人才队伍建设存在的问题与对策研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

唐语琪  那晴  尹俊梅  徐兵强  李旭妍 《农业科研经济管理》2020,(2):41-43

党的十九大提出了乡村振兴战略，人才振兴是乡村振兴的关键。目前乡村人才队伍存在总体规模偏少、整体素质偏低、后备力量不足等问题。文章结合这些实际问题，提出相应的对策建议，以期助力乡村振兴人才队伍建设。  相似文献   

棉花叶枝数与种植密度对单株结铃数的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

朱继杰  赵红霞  王士杰  李妙  王国印  黄瑞恒  张晓  万艳霞 《中国棉花》2017,44(1):13-16

为了探明棉花叶枝数和密度对单株结铃的影响规律，试验设置5种留叶枝方式：不留叶枝（CK）、留1叶枝、留2叶枝、留3叶枝、留全部叶枝；5个种植密度（万株·hm^－2）：2.25，3.00，3.75，4.50，5.25。研究结果表明：在同一密度条件下，随叶枝的增多，单株铃数增加；留1叶枝单株铃数较对照增加10%左右，留2、3叶枝单株铃数较对照增加15%左右，保留全部叶枝较对照增加25%左右。在同一叶枝处理下，随密度的增加，单株铃数减少；密度每增加7500株·hm^－2，5种留叶枝方式的单株结铃分别减少2.60个、3.04个、3.06个、3.44个和3.71个。总铃数随叶枝和密度的增加而增加，当总成铃为88.24万个·hm^－2时产量最高。  相似文献   

Predicting the potential geographic distribution of Bactrocera bryoniae and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Diptera: Tephritidae) in China using MaxEnt ecological niche modeling          下载免费PDF全文

Jing Wan  QI Guo-jun  MA Jun  Yonglin Ren  WANG Rui  Simon MCKIRDY 《农业科学学报》2020,19(8):2072-2082

Bactrocera bryoniae and Bactrocera neohumeralis are highly destructive and major biosecurity/quarantine pests of fruit and vegetable in the tropical and subtropical regions in the South Pacific and Australia. Although these pests have not established in China, precautions must be taken due to their highly destructive nature. Thus, we predicted the potential geographic distribution of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis across the world and in particular China by ecological niche modeling of the Maximum Entropy(Max Ent) model with the occurrence records of these two species. Bactrocera bryoniae and B. neohumeralis exhibit similar potential geographic distribution ranges across the world and in China, and each species was predicted to be able to distribute to over 20% of the globe. Globally, the potential geographic distribution ranges for these two fruit fly species included southern Asia, the central and the southeast coast of Africa, southern North America, northern and central South America, and Australia. While within China, most of the southern Yangtze River area was found suitable for these species. Notably, southern China was considered to have the highest risk of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis invasions. Our study identifies the regions at high risk for potential establishment of B. bryoniae and B. neohumeralis in the world and in particular China, and informs the development of inspection and biosecurity/quarantine measures to prevent and control their invasions.  相似文献   

饥饿情况下蠋蝽种内互残行为发生时期及影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

伍绍龙  邓婉  蔡海林  杨佳蒴  曾维爱  周志成  李有志 《中国生物防治学报》2020,36(2):169-174

为明确饥饿情况下蠋蝽种内残杀行为的发生时期和影响因素，指导蠋蝽规模化繁育和释放，本文研究了不同发育时期和密度下的蠋蝽种内残杀行为。研究发现：蠋蝽对卵粒的种内互残行为主要发生在饥饿24 h以内，雌性蠋蝽对卵粒的取食行为显著强于雄性蠋蝽，取食比例是雄性的2.80～3.25倍、取食量是雄性的18.75～21.20倍，雌性取食下的卵粒羽化率为70.66%，显著低于雄性和对照的86.59%和87.88%。发育时期和饲养密度均显著影响蠋蝽的种内残杀行为，主要发生在饥饿后的19.63～36.00 h，并且1、2、3龄若虫没有表现出种内残杀行为，4龄以后种内残杀行为显著；低密度下蠋蝽种内互残行为不显著，但高密度会增强种内互残行为，且随密度的增加，种内互残行为显著增强。  相似文献   

Improvement of ink-jet printing performances using β-cyclodextrin forming inclusion complex on cotton fabric     

Caiyun Zhao  Chaoxia Wang  Kunlin Chen  Yunjie Yin 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(4):619-624

Cotton fabric was modified with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) forming inclusion complex to yield color strength, pattern sharpness, and color fastness for ink-jet printing. The modified cotton fabric was confirmed with the presence of new strong absorption peaks around 1713 cm^-1 and 1243 cm^-1 in FT-IR. β-CD had been covalently grafted on cotton fabric via the esterification reaction of citric acid (CTR) with cellulose and β-CD. The results indicated that printing performances of the ink-jet printed fabric were enhanced through β-CD modification. The K/S value was enhanced from 4.21 to 6.72, the width of printed line was decreased from 1.48 mm to 1.25 mm, and the color fastness was improved to 3-4 level. These improvements were due to the truncated cone structure of β-CD, which can form inclusions with water-based pigment. Meanwhile, the crease recovery performance was also improved with the aid of CTR. A comparison between the unmodified and modified cotton fabric suggested that the crease recovery angle of β-CD modified cotton fabric was increased by 25.0 % in the warp direction. Therefore, printing performance and crease recovery performance of β-CD modified and water-based pigment printed cotton fabric were enhanced remarkably.  相似文献   

直播稻田无人机全程防治病虫草害初探     

马金龙  陈吟 《中国农学通报》2020,36(27):135-141

针对不同设备设计不同喷液量,飞行参数验证防治效果,从而验证无人机在稻田全程应用的可能性,旨在探索2种小型多旋翼植保无人机低空喷洒在整个水稻生长时期病虫草害防治过程中的防效。结果表明:当喷洒水田封闭式除草剂的喷洒量为10650、15000 mL/hm²,其对杂草的株防效与鲜重防效与人工电动喷雾相近。在病虫害的防治试验中,使用推荐用量且喷洒量为10650、15000 mL/hm²时,以及使用70%推荐用量（减量30%）且喷洒量为15000 mL/hm²时,防治效果均与人工电动喷雾器无显著差异。通过验证,选择合适的药剂,配合科学的喷洒参数,可在保证药效的前提下减少农药使用量。多旋翼植保无人机在水稻田有进行大面积全程飞防植保应用有广阔的前景。  相似文献