Sarcocystid organisms found in bile from a dog with acute hepatitis: a case report and review of intestinal and hepatobiliary Sarcocystidae infections in dogs and cats          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine L. Irvine  Julie M. Walker  Kristen R. Friedrichs 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(1):57-65

Sarcocystidae is a family of coccidian protozoa from the phylum Apicomplexa that includes Toxoplasma, Neospora, Sarcocystis, Hammondia, and Besnoitia spp. All species undergo a 2‐host sexual and asexual cycle. In the definitive host, replication is enteroepithelial, and infection is typically asymptomatic or less commonly causes mild diarrhea. Clinical disease is most frequently observed in the intermediate host, often as an aberrant infection, and is mostly associated with neurologic, muscular, or hepatic inflammation. Here, we review the literature regarding intestinal Sarcocystidae infections in dogs and cats, with emphasis on the life cycle stages and the available diagnostic assays and their limitations. We also report the diagnostic findings for an 11‐year‐old dog with acute neutrophilic hepatitis, biliary protozoa, and negative biliary culture. Although Toxoplasma and Neospora IgG titers were both high, PCR for these 2 organisms was negative for bile. The organisms were identified by 18S rDNA PCR as most consistent with Hammondia, either H heydorni or H triffittae. This is the first report of presumed Hammondia organisms being found in canine bile.  相似文献   

Initial analytic quality assessment and method comparison of an immunoassay for adrenocorticotropic hormone measurement in equine samples          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine L. Irvine  Kay Burt  Andrew J. Hill  Stephanie Shaw  Kostas Papasouliotis 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(1):154-163

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Hypoglycaemia in the bitch   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C H Irvine 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1964,12(6):140-144

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Neuronal degeneration in an Irish moiled bull calf     

Irvine R  Borsberry S  Scholes S  Gill JJ 《The Veterinary record》2003,152(18):571

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Comparison of carprofen and pethidine as postoperative analgesics in the cat     

T. V. Balmer    D. Irvine  R. S. Jones  †  M. J. Roberts  †  L. Sungsby  ‡  P. M. Taylor    A. E. Waterman  ‡ C. Waters  § 《The Journal of small animal practice》1998,39(4):158-164

The postoperative analgesia and sedation in cats given carprofen (4·0 mg/kg bodyweight by subcutaneous injection preoperatively) was compared to that in cats given pethidine (3·3 mg/kg bodyweight by intramuscular injection postoperatively) in a controlled, randomised, blinded, multicentre clinical trial. Further dosing with the particular analgesic was allowed if a cat was exhibiting unacceptable pain. In total, 57 carprofen cases and 59 pethidine cases were evaluated. Significantly fewer cats in the carprofen group required additional doses of analgesic, and mean pain scores were significantly lower from four hours after ovariohysterectomy, and at 18 to 24 hours after castration, compared to the pethidine group. In conclusion, carprofen provided as good a level of postoperative analgesia as pethidine, but of a longer duration (at least 24 hours) and was well tolerated. It thus provides an option for 'pre-emptive analgesia' in cats about to undergo surgery.  相似文献   

Age-related changes in ecosystem structure and function and effects on water and carbon exchange in ponderosa pine     

Irvine J  Law BE  Kurpius MR  Anthoni PM  Moore D  Schwarz PA 《Tree physiology》2004,24(7):753-763

As forests age, their structure and productivity change, yet in some cases, annual rates of water loss remain unchanged. To identify mechanisms that might explain such observations, and to determine if widely different age classes of forests differ functionally, we examined young (Y, approximately 25 years), mature (M, approximately 90 years) and old (O, approximately 250 years) ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. Laws.) stands growing in a drought-prone region of central Oregon. Although the stands differed in tree leaf area index (LAIT) (Y = 0.9, M = 2.8, O = 2.1), cumulative tree transpiration measured by sap flow did not differ substantially during the growing season (100-112 mm). Yet when water was readily available, transpiration per unit leaf area of the youngest trees was about three times that of M trees and five times that of O trees. These patterns resulted from a nearly sixfold difference in leaf specific conductance (KL) between the youngest and oldest trees. At the time of maximum transpiration in the Y stand in May-June, gross carbon uptake (gross ecosystem production, GEP) was similar for Y and O stands despite an almost twofold difference in stand leaf area index (LAIS). However, the higher rate of water use by Y trees was not sustainable in the drought-prone environment, and between spring and late summer, KL of Y trees declined fivefold compared with a nearly twofold decline for M trees and a < 30% reduction in O trees. Because the Y stand contained a significant shrub understory and more exposed soil, there was no appreciable difference in mean daily latent energy fluxes between the Y stand and the older stands as measured by the eddy-covariance technique. These patterns resulted in 60 to 85% higher seasonal GEP and 55 to 65% higher water-use efficiency at the M and O stands compared with the Y stand.  相似文献   

Hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis associated with an anomalous vas deferens in a bull     

J W Tyler  B P Smith  J Irvine 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(5):871-872

Hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis were diagnosed in a 2-year-old Limousin bull. Salient historical and clinical observations included weight loss, anorexia, intermittent colic, polyuria, polydypsia, and an ammoniacal breath odor. Intravenous treatment with fluids and antibiotics did not induce a favorable response. An anomalous vas deferens was observed on postmortem examination. The vas deferens ended in a blind polyp that protruded into the lumen of the urethra. This polyp may have caused chronic intermittent obstruction, predisposing to the hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis.  相似文献   

Convergent domestication of cereal crops by independent mutations at corresponding genetic Loci   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Paterson AH  Lin YR  Li Z  Schertz KF  Doebley JF  Pinson SR  Liu SC  Stansel JW  Irvine JE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1995,269(5231):1714-1718

Independent domestication of sorghum, rice, and maize involved convergent selection for large seeds, reduced disarticulation of the mature inflorescence, and daylength-insensitive flowering. These similar phenotypes are largely determined by a small number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that correspond closely in the three taxa. The correspondence of these QTLs transcends 65 million years of reproductive isolation. This finding supports models of quantitative inheritance that invoke relatively few genes, obviates difficulties in map-based cloning of QTLs, and impels the comparative mapping of complex pheno-types across large evolutionary distances, such as those that separate humans from rodents and domesticated mammals.  相似文献   

Cell signaling. The art of the soluble     

Irvine R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5826):845-846

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Bright Spots, Structure, and Magmatism in Southern Tibet from INDEPTH Seismic Reflection Profiling   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

LD Brown  W Zhao  KD Nelson  M Hauck  D Alsdorf  A Ross  M Cogan  M Clark  X Liu  J Che 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5293):1688-1690

INDEPTH seismic reflection profiling shows that the decollement beneath which Indian lithosphere underthrusts the Himalaya extends at least 225 kilometers north of the Himalayan deformation front to a depth of approximately 50 kilometers. Prominent reflections appear at depths of 15 to 18 kilometers near where the decollement reflector apparently terminates. These reflections extend north of the Zangbo suture to the Damxung graben of the Tibet Plateau. Some of these reflections have locally anomalous amplitudes (bright spots) and coincident negative polarities implying that they are produced by fluids in the crust. The presence of geothermal activity and high heat flow in the regions of these reflections and the tectonic setting suggest that the bright spots mark granitic magmas derived by partial melting of the tectonically thickened crust.  相似文献