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Simple method for extracting the seasonal signals of photochemical reflectance index and normalized difference vegetation index measured using a spectral reflectance sensor 
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下载免费PDF全文 A spectral reflectance sensor(SRS) fixed on the near-surface ground was developed to support the continuous monitoring of vegetation indices such as the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and photochemical reflectance index(PRI). NDVI is useful for indicating crop growth/phenology, whereas PRI was developed for observing physiological conditions. Thus, the seasonal change patterns of NDVI and PRI are two valuable pieces of information in a crop-monitoring system. However, capturing the seasonal patterns is considered challenging because the vegetation index values estimated by the reflection from vegetation are often governed by meteorological conditions, such as solar irradiance and precipitation. Further, unlike growth/phenology, the physiological condition has diurnal changes as well as seasonal characteristics. This study proposed a novel filtering method for extracting the seasonal signals of SRS-based NDVI and PRI in paddy rice, barley, and garlic. First, the measurement accuracy of SRSs was compared with handheld spectrometers, and the R~2 values between the two devices were 0.96 and 0.81 for NDVI and PRI, respectively. Second, the experimental study of threshold criteria with respect to meteorological variables(i.e., insolation, cloudiness, sunshine duration, and precipitation) was conducted, and sunshine duration was the most useful one for excluding distorted values of the vegetation indices. After data processing based on sunshine duration, the R2 values between the measured vegetation indices and the extracted seasonal signals of vegetation indices increased by approximately 0.002–0.004(NDVI) and 0.065–0.298(PRI) on the three crops, and the seasonal signals of vegetation indices became noticeably improved. This method will contribute to an agricultural monitoring system by identifying the seasonal changes in crop growth and physiological conditions. 相似文献
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DNA polymorphism in the growth hormone gene and its association with weight in
olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
ABSTRACT: Variation within the growth hormone gene and its association with growth trait in the olive flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ) was investigated. Based on Southern blot analysis and using various kinds of restriction endonucleases, it was demonstrated that the growth hormone gene exists as a single copy gene in the olive flounder. Polymorphisms of various lengths were also detected by Southern blot analysis, and by the subsequent digestion of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -amplified growth hormone gene fragment with Sau 3AI restriction enzyme. To study the possible association between variation in the growth hormone and weight, 60 progenies of the hatchery strain of three various sizes (large, medium and small weight) were selected and the entire genetic structure of the growth hormone gene was analysed. A total of 15 different genotypes was observed from the random association of six haplotypes. Significant heterogeneity of the growth hormone gene with haplotype and genotype frequencies was detected among the different-sized groups. 相似文献
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Park HR Ahn HJ Kim JH Yook HS Kim S Lee CH Byun MW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(9):2572-2576
Lipid oxidation and color stability of meats treated with irradiated phytic acid were investigated during storage for 2 weeks at 4 degrees C. The phytic acid in deionized distilled water (DDW) was degraded by irradiation at 10 and 20 kGy, and the irradiated phytic acid showed a strong antiradical activity. For measuring the antioxidant effects of irradiated phytic acid in food models, beef and pork were prepared with DDW (control), irradiated (10 and 20 kGy) or non-irradiated phytic acid, and ascorbic acid as a model system. Irradiated phytic acid significantly inhibited the lipid oxidation in meats compared to the control and ascorbic acid treated samples during storage (P < 0.05). The redness of the meats treated with phytic acid had a higher value than did the control and ascorbic acid treated samples, but a significant difference was not observed in the samples treated with phytic acid regardless of irradiation treatment. Irradiated phytic acid was also effective in inhibiting the loss of heme iron and metmyoglobin formation during storage. Results indicated that irradiation might be helpful for improving the antioxidant activity of phytic acid in meats. 相似文献
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Chikara MASUTA Yuko SESHIMO Motomi MUKOHARA Hye Jin JUNG Shigenori UEDA Ki Hyun RYU Jang Kyung CHOI 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2002,68(2):163-168
We analyzed the evolutionary histories of two lily strains of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) isolated in Japan and Korea (HL- and Ly2-CMVs). They share common biological characteristics in that their host ranges
are very restricted perhaps from a unique adaptation to lily plants. Although HL and Ly2 were isolated independently from
different lily species in separate countries, their RNA3 sequences had a very high sequence similarity (97%). The evolutionary
relationships between the two isolates were characterized by comparing their phylogenetic trees for the 3a and CP genes. The
two lily CMVs always formed a distinct cluster within subgroup IB in 3a, but within IA in CP. Together, the phylogenetic tree
topology and the sequence identity between the two lily CMVs suggest that they evolved from a common progenitor.
Received 5 November 2001/ Accepted in revised form 11 January 2002 相似文献
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云南省马铃薯晚疫病菌生理小种的组成与分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用11个分别含有单抗性基因R1~R11及1个不含抗性基因的1套鉴别寄主,对2003~2005年采自云南省10个县市26个采集点的117个马铃薯晚疫病菌的菌株进行生理小种鉴定。结果表明:共鉴定出26个菌株的生理小种,其中优势小种为3.4.6.8.10.11,占所测菌株的28.69%,主要分布在寻甸、丽江、昆明;其次是3.4.10,发生频率为13.11%,主要分布在镇雄;然后是3.10,发生频率为10.66%,主要分布在宣威。 相似文献
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Ahn HJ Jo C Lee JW Kim JH Kim KH Byun MW 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(5):1249-1253
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging effects on emulsion-type cooked pork sausage during storage for 4 weeks. CO(2) (100%), N(2) (100%), or 25% CO(2)/75% N(2) packaged sausage were irradiated at 0, 5, and 10 kGy, and residual nitrite, residual ascorbic acid, nitrosomyoglobin (NO-Mb), color values, and their correlation were observed. Irradiation significantly reduced the residual nitrite content and caused partial reduction of NO-Mb during storage. No difference was observed in ascorbic acid content by irradiation. Irradiation decreased the Hunter color a value of sausage. CO(2) or CO(2)/N(2) packaging were more effective for reducing residual nitrite and inhibiting the loss of the red color of sausage compared to N(2) packaging. Results indicated that the proper combination of irradiation and modified atmosphere packaging could reduce the residual nitrite in sausage with minimization of color change. 相似文献
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Jaeyeob Jeong Chang Gyu Jo Gyeong Won Baek Jae-Hyun Park Ho-Seop Ma Byung Oh Yoo 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2017,36(3):289-303
The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of soil amendment applications on soil and the foliage nutrient status of a Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endlicher) plantation established following clear-cutting in a pine-wilt-disease (PWD)-disturbed forest. We established four soil amendment treatments [(compound fertilizer (CF), compound fertilizer + biochar (CFB), compound fertilizer + sawdust (CFS) and a non-treated control treatment] in an 8-year-old Japanese cypress plantation. Soil organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between the soil amendment treatments and the control treatments, whereas extractable phosphorus (P), NH4+, K+, and Mg2+ concentrations were significantly affected by the addition of biochar in CF. The mean soil CO2 efflux rates during the study period were the highest in CFB (0.79 g CO2 m?2 h?1), followed by CFS (0.71 g CO2 m?2 h?1), CF (0.62 g CO2 m?2 h?1), and the control (0.46 g CO2 m?2 h?1) treatments. Foliar N and P concentrations were significantly higher in the CFB than in the control treatments. The results suggest that the addition of biochar in CF can enhance extractable soil nutrients and foliar N and P conditions of Japanese cypress established in a PWD-disturbed forest. 相似文献
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滩涂土壤有机质含量的反射光谱估算 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Rapid determination of soil organic matter (SOM) using regression models based on soil reflectance spectral data serves an important function in precision agriculture. “deviation of arch”(DOA)-based regression and partial least squares regression (PLSR) are two popular modeling approaches to predict SOM. However, few studies have explored the accuracy of the DOA-based regression and PLSR models. Therefore, the DOA-based regression and PLSR were applied to the visible near-infrared (VNIR) spectra to estimate SOM content in the case of various dataset divisions. A two-fold cross-validation scheme was adopted and repeated 10 000 times for rigorous evaluation of the DOA-based models in comparison with the widely used PLSR model. Soil samples were collected for SOM analysis in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu Province, China. The results indicated that both modelling methods provided reasonable estimates of SOM, with PLSR outperforming DOA-based regression in general. However, the performance of PLSR for the validation dataset decreased more noticeably. Among the four DOA-based models, the linear model of the DOA provided the best estimation of SOM and a cutoff of SOM content (19.76 g kg-1), and the performance for calibration and validation datasets was consistent. As the SOM content exceeded 19.76 g kg-1, SOM became more effective in masking the spectral features of other soil properties to a certain extent. This work confirmed that reflectance spectroscopy combined with PLSR could serve as a non-destructive and cost-efficient way for rapid determination of SOM when hyperspectral data were available. The DOA-based model, which requires only 3 bands in the visible spectra, also provided SOM estimation with acceptable accuracy. 相似文献