新型插秧机秧船的结构优化试验研究     

胡杭湘  李振镛  汪彰辉  魏亚璋  劳勤业 《农业机械学报》1992,(2)

目前广泛使用的国产机动插秧机普遍存在侧边壅泥严重这一现象。它的存在极大地阻碍了插秧机的推广使用,而这些问题产生的根源在于秧船。为此,我们对秧船的有关结构参数进行了优化试验。  相似文献   

试论北京鸭在世界养鸭业中的地位     

张劳 《中国畜牧杂志》1989,(2)

<正> 北京鸭的育成是中国养鸭史上的辉煌成就。早在公元前一世纪中国就有饲养鸭的记载。东周时期(公元前514～495年)已有较大规模的养鸭业。公元五世纪北魏贾思勰在《齐民要术》中指出:“供厨者子鸭六七十日佳,过此肉硬”,他还介绍:“雏既出,别作笼,笼之,先以粳米为粥糜,一顿饱食之,名曰“填嗉”这对北京鸭的育成有深远影响。 明朝永乐初(1403年)北平改名为北京,1421年再次定都北京,这与后来北京鸭取名有关。运河沟通南北,“岁槽四百万石”船运北上至京,除运粮  相似文献   

The detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in bovine faeces by isolation and the comparison of isolation with the examination of stained smears by light microscopy     

Ris DR  Hamel KL  Ayling JM 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1988,36(3):112-114

The detection of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis organisms in bovine faeces by isolation was compared with that by the microscopical examination of Ziehl-Neelsen stained faecal smears for the presence of clumps of acid-fast M. paratuberculosis organisms. Faeces were obtained from cattle naturally or experimentally infected with M. paratuberculosis as well as from uninfected cattle. Microscopical examination was an unreliable method for the detection of M. paratuberculosis organisms, since the organisms were only detected in 99 (=55.9%) of 177 culturally positive faecal samples. 1111 addition, clumps of acid-fast organisms indistinguishable from M. paratuberculosis were also observed iin three of 18 samples from cattle free from Johne's disease and in 18 of 37 culturally negative samples from paratuberculous cattle. When M. paratuberculosis organisms were added to faeces from an uninfected cow, results showed that isolation attempts should be positive when 15 or more M. paratuberculosis organisms per gram of faeces are present.  相似文献   

Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunospecific assay (ELISA) with the cold complement fixation test for the serodiagnosis of Brucella ovis infection     

Ris DR  Hamel KL  Long DL 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1984,32(1-2):18-20

An enzyme-linked immunospecific assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in sheep is described and compared with the cold complement fixation (CF) test. ELISA was performed in microtiter plates, using horse-radish peroxidase conjugated to anti-normal sheep serum globulins, and hydrogen peroxide plus o-phenylenediamine as substrate. A heated, cell-free B. ovis extract was used as antigen in both tests. ELISA was easier to perform, distinguished better between positive and negative sera, and did not need heat-inactivated sera.  相似文献   

Liberal arts colleges and science education     

Verosub KL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,274(5293):1595a

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Calving patterns in seasonal dairy herds     

Macmillan KL  Henry RI  Taufa VK  Phillips P 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1990,38(4):151-155

Two field studies examined the calving patterns of cows in seasonal dairy herds in the Waikato (Field Study 1) and South Taranaki regions (Field Study 2). The first study examined patterns for cows commencing their second or subsequent lactation in herds which had used an inseminating service during the previous season. The second study included first lactation heifers only in 15 herds where animals had been naturally mated, and in 15 herds in which they had been synchronised and then artificially inseminated at the synchronised oestrus. The parameters describing calving patterns were based on the date for each herd's planned start of calving (PSC), which was 282 days from the date on which breeding commenced in the preceding season. The average interval from PSC to mean calving date for the 35 herds in Field Study 1 was 22 days, with individual herds ranging from 15 to 30 days. In herds with heifers which had been naturally mated (Field Study 2), it was 17.6 days compared to 11.0 days for previously synchronised animals. Calculating the intervals from PSC to median calving date and separately for the last two quartiles more effectively described a herd's calving pattern. The duration for the last quartile of the calving pattern was influenced by the extent and timing of induced calving. In Field Study 1, 88.6% of the 35 herd owners induced premature parturition in at least one cow. In these herds, 11.3% of cows were treated and calved prematurely. Only 61.7% of heifers which had previously been naturally mated calved by 3 weeks after PSC. Their calving dates were not evenly distributed over this 3-week period, with 9.8% in the first week and 25.6% in the third week. The calving pattern for heifers which had been previously synchronised showed several distinct peaks. Calvings to the synchronised mating were completed 15 days after PSC, by which time 64.7% of animals had calved. By 3 weeks after PSC, 72.9% of these heifers had calved. The results showed that there was considerable variation in calving patterns in seasonal dairy herds. This variation would have been due to differences in conception pattern, and the way induced calving had been applied. The calving pattern in heifers which had been naturally mated was less concentrated than had been expected. Synchronisation can significantly concentrate the calving pattern of these first lactation animals. The parameters used to describe calving patterns may be less applicable in herds in which a high proportion of animals is induced to calve prematurely, or where a whole herd is synchronised. Nonetheless, they do serve as an illustrative example of the variation in calving patterns among herds.  相似文献   

Condensation of nonequilibrium phases of refractory silicates from the vapor     

Day KL  Donn B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,202(4365):307-308

Silicon monoxide solid was evaporated in a bell jar containing reducing, neutral, or oxidizing atmospheres at pressures of a few torr. The vapor invariably condensed as smoke-sized particles of silicon sesquioxide, Si(2)O(3). The condensation of a solid whose composition differs from that of the parent gas and is apparently the least stable of the three solid species illustrates the importance of specific nucleation effects in the condensation process. This result has significant implications for theories of formation of grains in space.  相似文献   

家鸡染色体研究进展   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

袁建霞  张劳  李宁 《中国畜牧兽医》2004,31(1):19-21

近年来,由于现代分子细胞遗传学技术,尤其是荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术的出现,使家鸡的染色体研究又进入了一个新的高潮.作者从家鸡染色体核型研究简史、显带研究及其现代分子细胞遗传学研究3个方面对家鸡染色体研究进展作一概述,旨在对其有一较系统全面的了解,以促进其进一步研究,并为其它禽类的染色体研究提供参考.  相似文献   

湖南临澧陈克友:癌症病人搞起活水养鱼     

劳红云 《内陆水产》2011,(1)

入狱、癌症,陈克友经历人生两个大坎后,却渐渐走向了水产养殖的道路,并成为当地山区活水养鱼第一人。他又有着怎样不同寻常的人生?在湖南临澧山区的一条河流边上,每天都可以看到一个忙碌的身影,种草、割草、喂鱼、巡逻……  相似文献   

Effect of maternal cells transferred with colostrum on cellular responses to pathogen antigens in neonatal calves     

Donovan DC  Reber AJ  Gabbard JD  Aceves-Avila M  Galland KL  Holbert KA  Ely LO  Hurley DJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(7):778-782

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of maternal cells or cellular components on neonatal immune responses to intracellular pathogens in calves. ANIMALS: 15 Holstein calves. PROCEDURES: Calves were fed whole colostrum, frozen colostrum, or cell-free colostrum within 4 hours after birth. Leukocytes were obtained from calves before feeding colostrum and 1, 2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after ingestion. Proliferative responses against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and mycobacterial purified protein derivatives were evaluated. Dams received a vaccine containing inactivated BVDV, but were not vaccinated against mycobacterial antigens. RESULTS: All calves had essentially no IgG in circulation at birth, but comparable and substantial concentrations by day 1. Calves that received whole colostrum had enhanced responses to BVDV antigen 1 and 2 days after ingestion of colostrum. In contrast, calves that received frozen colostrum or cell-free colostrum did not respond to BVDV. No differences were identified among the 3 groups in response to mycobacterial antigens. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results indicated that transfer of live maternal cells from colostrum to neonatal calves enhanced responses to antigens against which the dams had previously responded (BVDV), but not to antigens to which the dams were na?ve (mycobacterial purified protein derivatives). Results suggested that cell-mediated immune transfer to neonates can be enhanced by maternal vaccination.  相似文献