Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in horses: objective measurement of the acute phase response   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M B Pepys  M L Baltz  G A Tennent  J Kent  J Ousey  P D Rossdale 《Equine veterinary journal》1989,21(2):106-109

A sensitive and precise immunoassay for equine serum amyloid A protein (SAA) was established and used to determine, for the first time, the circulating concentration of this protein in health and disease. As in other species, equine SAA was present only at trace levels in healthy animals but behaved as an extremely sensitive and rapidly responding acute phase reactant following most forms of tissue injury, infection and inflammation, objectively reflecting the extent and activity of disease. Measurements of SAA should make a significant contribution to diagnosis and management of viral and bacterial infection in horses, and routine serial assays could provide an objective criterion for monitoring prospectively the general health of horses in training and racing.  相似文献   

Microsporidian encephalitis of farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in British Columbia.          下载免费PDF全文

J R Brocklebank  D J Speare    M L Kent 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1995,36(10):631-633

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Current therapies in exotic animal oncology.     

Jennifer E Graham  Michael S Kent  Alain Théon 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2004,7(3):757-81, vii

The majority of information on oncology therapies has been reported in humans, canine, and feline patients, and laboratory animals with experimentally induced tumors. A variety of treatments,including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and others have been used with exotic animals. There are many species of exotic pets, and anatomic differences, as well as husbandry and nutritional requirements, must be taken into account to provide optimal care. By providing a broad overview of therapies and considerations for treatment, this article is intended to provide the practitioner with an overview of approach and options when addressing oncology cases in exotic animals.  相似文献   

FEASIBILITY FOR USING HYPOFRACTIONATED STEREOTACTIC VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC RADIOTHERAPY (VMAT) WITH ADAPTIVE PLANNING FOR TREATMENT OF THYMOMA IN RABBITS: 15 CASES          下载免费PDF全文

Mario Dolera  Luca Malfassi  Giovanni Mazza  Gaetano Urso  Massimo Sala  Silvia Marcarini  Nancy Carrara  Simone Pavesi  Sara Finesso  Michael S. Kent 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(3):313-320

Thymoma is a relatively common tumor in rabbits. Treatment with surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy alone or in combination has been reported with varying outcomes. Stereotactic volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy delivered in a hypofractionated manner allows high doses of radiation to be delivered to the target volume while allowing sparing of adjacent critical structures. This therapy is ideally suited for thymomas in rabbits given their size, the difficulty of multiple anesthesia episodes and the complexity of the radiotherapy plans required due to the tumor's proximity to the heart, lungs, and mediastinal structures. Fifteen rabbits with thymoma were prospectively recruited for this observational, single institution, single arm clinical study. All rabbits were imaged with both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total dose of 40 Gy in six fractions was delivered using a single arc over an 11‐day period with repeat CT simulation done every other fraction for adaptive planning. Follow‐up evaluation was done through repeat CT and MRI imaging and revealed complete responses using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. Two rabbits had died at 618 and 718 days, 10 were alive and three were lost to follow‐up. Observed acute and late effects were graded according to the Veterinary Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (VRTOG) criteria and were found to be minimal.  相似文献   

Never mind the length,feel the quality          下载免费PDF全文

M. S. Kent 《The Journal of small animal practice》2016,57(11):579-579

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Characterization of protection against systemic infection and disease from experimental bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 infection by use of a modified-live noncytopathic type 1 vaccine in calves     

Kelling CL  Hunsaker BD  Steffen DJ  Topliff CL  Eskridge KM 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(7):788-796

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate protection resulting from use of a modified-live noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type 1 vaccine against systemic infection and clinical disease in calves challenged with type 2 BVDV. ANIMALS: 10 calves, 5 to 7 months of age. PROCEDURES: Calves were allocated (n = 5/group) to be nonvaccinated or vaccinated SC on day 0 with BVDV 1 (WRL strain). Calves in both groups were challenged intranasally with BVDV type 2 isolate 890 on day 21. Rectal temperatures and clinical signs of disease were recorded daily, and total and differential WBC and platelet counts were performed. Histologic examinations and immunohistochemical analyses to detect lesions and distribution of viral antigens, respectively, were performed. RESULTS: After challenge exposure to BVDV type 2, nonvaccinated calves developed high rectal temperatures, increased respiratory rates, viremia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, and infection of the thymus. Vaccinated calves did not develop high rectal temperatures or clinical signs of respiratory tract disease. Vaccinated calves appeared to be protected against systemic replication of virus in that they did not develop leukopenia, lymphopenia, viremia, or infection of target organs, and infectious virus was not detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells or the thymus. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The modified-live BVDV type 1 vaccine protected against systemic infection and disease after experimental challenge exposure with BVDV type 2. The vaccine protected calves against infection and viremia and prevented infection of target lymphoid cells.  相似文献   

Effects of a single subcutaneous dose of enoxaparin on veterinary viscoelastic coagulation monitor variables in healthy cats: Double blind,placebo controlled cross-over trial     

Ivayla D. Yozova  Michael S. Kent  Karl E. Jandrey 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2023,37(1):133-139

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Exploration of glycoprotein structures: Sequences and consequences     

Paul W. Kent 《Pest management science》1994,41(3):209-228

The vast expansion in our knowledge of the detailed molecular structure of many glycoproteins has been achieved by purpose-designed methodologies. In this review, principal experimental methods for gaining fundamental evidence are assessed with respect to well-known iV-glycoproteins (e.g. ribonucleases), 0,N-glycoproteins (e.g. glycophorin A) and O-glycoproteins (e.g. submaxiilary gland mucins and some sulfated forms). Relevant properties of N-carbohydrate-peptide links (N-acetylglucosaminyl-asparagine) and O-linkages (N-acetylgalac-tosaminyl-Thr (or -Ser)) are reviewed and the classification and structure of more elaborate glycoproteins is outlined. Key reactions, both chemical and enzymic, effect the cleavage of N- and O-oligosaccharide side-chains from core protein, and subsequent calibrated chromatographic analysis can permit the identification of certain oligosaccharide groupings characteristic of glycoforms (families of glycoproteins different only in the oligosaccharide chain lengths and bond structures). Basic sequencing of individual oligosaccharides is generally achieved by chemical methods (e.g. methylation analysis, degradation with periodate) and by the action of well-characterised specific exo- and endoglycosidases. Degradation of a glycoprotein chemically (e.g. by cyanogen bromide) or enzymically by endopeptidases to glycopeptides provides means for locating oligosaccharide position(s) on the core protein. The presence of O-sulfate ester groups on oligosaccharide side-chains presents further challenging problems for sequencing investigations. Some correlations between oligosaccharide sequences and biological function are considered. While, in the main, the best-known glycoprotein structures are for those of mammalian origin (e.g. Igs), evidence points to other areas of interest in plants (especially yeasts), invertebrates and micro-organisms. Allusion is made to current comparative and fundamental physico-chemical techniques, especially gel permeation chromatography, membrane-transfer, FAB-MS and NMR (NOE, COSY, etc.).  相似文献   

Intermuscular variation in tenderness: association with the ubiquitous and muscle-specific calpains   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

Ilian MA  Morton JD  Kent MP  Le Couteur CE  Hickford J  Cowley R  Bickerstaffe R 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(1):122-132

The biochemistry of intermuscular variation in tenderness is not fully understood. To investigate the role of the calpains in this process we performed two experiments using bovine and ovine species. In the bovine experiment, two distinct muscles, longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LT) and psoas major (PM), were used. In the ovine experiment, four muscles, LT, PM, semimembranosus (SM), and semitendinosus (ST), were used. Muscles were sampled at death for the determination of the steady-state mRNA level of calpains and calpastatin and the activities of calpain 1, 2, and calpastatin. Muscles were also sampled to determine the temporal changes in pH, tenderness, and the activity of the ubiquitous calpain system during postmortem aging. The results of the relative rate of tenderization in both species was found to be related to muscle type; LT had the highest value in both species. Within species, the mRNA steady-state levels of calpain 1 and calpastatin were similar in various bovine and ovine muscles. Bovine calpain 2 mRNA level was significantly lower in the LT than in the PM. Ovine calpain 2 mRNA level was lower, but not significantly different, in the LT compared to the other muscles. The mRNA level of bovine calpain 3 was significantly higher in the LT muscle than in the PM. In the ovine, the mRNA level of calpain 3 was highest in the LT, followed by SM, PM, and ST. Results on the activity of the ubiquitous calpain system in various muscles at death were dependent on muscle type and species. Temporal changes in the activity of calpains and calpastatin during the first 24 h of postmortem aging were similar in the muscles studied: calpain 1 and calpastatin declined significantly and calpain 2 remained relatively unchanged. The temporal changes in muscle pH in both experiments indicated that the extent and rate of pH decline during aging was related to muscle type. Correlation analysis between the relative rate of tenderization and mRNA expression of calpains revealed a strong relationship with calpain 3 in both species.  相似文献   

Osteomyelitis secondary to trauma involving the proximal end of the radius in horses: five cases (1987-2001)     

Swinebroad EL  Dabareiner RM  Swor TM  Carter GK  Watkins JP  Walker M  Schmitz DG  Honnas CM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,223(4):486-491

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical, radiographic, and scintigraphic abnormalities in and treatment and outcome of horses with trauma-induced osteomyelitis of the proximal aspect of the radius. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 5 horses. PROCEDURE: Data collected from the medical records included signalment; history; horse use; degree of lameness; radiographic, ultrasonographic, and scintigraphic findings; treatment; and outcome. RESULTS: Duration of lameness prior to referral ranged from 14 to 60 days. Mean severity of lameness was grade 3 of 5, and all horses had a single limb affected. All horses had signs of pain during elbow joint manipulation and digital palpation over the lateral aspect of the proximal end of the radius. Radiographic lesions consisted of periosteal proliferation, osteolysis, and subchondral bone lysis. Scintigraphy in 3 horses revealed intense pharmaceutical uptake diffusely involving the proximal end of the radius. Two horses had sepsis of the elbow joint. All horses were treated with antimicrobials long-term; 1 horse was also treated by local perfusion of the radial medullary cavity through an indwelling cannulated screw. At follow-up, all horses had returned to their previous function. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that osteomyelitis of the proximal end of the radius can result from a traumatic injury to the antebrachium. Because lesions may be an extension of septic arthritis, a thorough examination of the wound area and elbow joint is recommended. Prolonged systemic antimicrobial treatment can result in a successful outcome.  相似文献