Reaction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaseolus</Emphasis> spp. genotypes to ashy stem blight caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Macrophomina phaseolina</Emphasis>     

Diego M. Viteri  Angela M. Linares 《Euphytica》2017,213(8):199

Ashy stem blight (ASB) caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goidanich (Mp) is a devastating seed-transmitted disease in common bean in the tropics. The identification of resistant cultivars throughout the cropping season contributes to disease management. Resistance is found in the primary and tertiary gene pools. Our objectives were to determine (1) the reaction of Phaseolus spp. genotypes to two Mp isolates at vegetative and reproductive stages, (2) the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), and (3) resistant plants per genotype at harvest. Twenty-three genotypes from different origins were planted in the greenhouse in 2016 and 2017. One less-aggressive Mp (PRJD16) and one more-aggressive (PRI16) isolate were inoculated one and three times, respectively, by the cut-stem method. ‘Beníquez’, ‘Othello’, and ‘Verano’ were highly susceptible (mean scores >8.0, and AUDPC values from 264.6 to 300.8) to both isolates. BAT 477 and NY6020-4 were intermediate (5.6 and 6.2; AUDPC: 161.6 and 187.1) to PRJD16 and susceptible (7.4 and 8.2; AUDPC: 209.4 and 235.1) to PRI16. Resistant genotypes (mean scores ≤3) were not identified in this study. However, A 195, ‘Badillo’, and ‘PC 50’ possessed lower mean scores (4.3–5.4) and AUDPC values (126.4–150.9) to both isolates. Furthermore, A 195 had the highest percentage of resistant plants (55.6%) followed by PC 50, I9365-31, and PI 321637 (27.8%) to PRJD16 at harvest. Thus, the identification of resistant parents across Phaseolus species is necessary to increase the levels of ASB resistance in common bean cultivars throughout the entire cropping season.  相似文献   

Successful,repeated non-surgical collection of blastocysts from virgin and repeat breeder heifers     

T. Linares  W. A. King  K. Larsson  I. Gustavsson  A. Bane 《Veterinary research communications》1980,4(1):113-118

A total of 55 non-surgical collections, 7 days after spontaneous heat, was made in 19 heifers. Recovery rate was 57% (17/30) from 10 repeat breeder heifers and 72% (18/25) from 9 virgin heifers, this difference was not significant. Fertilization rate in both groups was 94%. The eggs were always recovered in the first 100 ml of flushing medium. Mean lengths of oestrous cycle after non-surgical collection were, respectively, 16.9 and 18.1 days in repeat breeder and virgin heifers. This difference was not significant. However, the cycle in which the first collection was made was significantly shorter (P<.005) than the cycle immediately before the collections. Only 61% of possible eggs were non-surgically collected from 4 superovulated repeat breeder cows and no further eggs were found after slaughter, one to two hours later.  相似文献   

A method for preparation of chromosomes from bovine zygotes and blastocysts   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

W. A. King  T. Linares  I. Gustavsson  A. Bane 《Veterinary research communications》1979,3(1):51-56

A simple technique for making chromosome preparations from zygotes and early blastocysts is described. The morphological features of blastocysts and total number of cells greatly influence the quality of the preparation.  相似文献   

A new large‐scale and cost‐effective restoration method for cold‐water coral gardens     

Maria Montseny  Cristina Linares  Núria Viladrich  Pol Capdevila  Stefano Ambroso  David Díaz  Josep‐Maria Gili  Andrea Gori 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(5):977-987

1. Gorgonians dwelling on the Mediterranean continental shelf are among the most frequent fishing bycatch taxa. These species display several traits, such as long lifespans and slow growth, which make them very vulnerable to the impacts caused by fishing activities with far‐reaching and long‐lasting effects.
2. Hence, restoration and mitigation actions are crucial to enhance and speed up the natural recovery of damaged cold‐water coral gardens. Given the growing concern to develop effective and affordable restoration actions, the present study aims to propose and technically validate a new large‐scale and cost‐effective restoration method.
3. This technique, named ‘badminton method', consists of attaching bycatch Eunicella cavolini colonies to cobble supports and returning them to the continental shelf by gently throwing the gorgonian transplants directly from a boat.
4. Two consecutive field experiments were conducted in order to find the best cobble type support and gorgonian size to be used: first, to evaluate the landing efficiency of gorgonian transplants at different depths (from 5 to 30 m) and second, to evaluate their capability to maintain a correct position over time.
5. Natural cobbles with large gorgonians attached were the best option. Field results and modelling approaches suggest that the transplants would correctly land on the continental shelf seabed in a predicted area of around 60 m². Moreover, they would successfully maintain an upright position ensuring gorgonian survival over time.
6. The success of this method highlights the feasibility of large‐scale and low‐cost restoration actions with promising results for the conservation and recovery of cold‐water coral gardens.

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Organic Fertilization in Traditional Mediterranean Grapevine Orchards Mediates Changes in Soil Microbial Community Structure and Enhances Soil Fertility     

Fuensanta García‐Orenes  Antonio Roldn  Alicia Morugn‐Coronado  Carlos Linares  Artemi Cerd  Fuensanta Caravaca 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2016,27(6):1622-1628

Soil microbial populations and their functions related to nutrient cycling contribute substantially to the regulation of soil fertility and the sustainability of agroecosystems. A field experiment was performed to assess the medium‐term effect of a mineral fertilizer and two organic fertilization systems with different nitrogen sources on the soil microbial community biomass, structure, and composition (phospholipid fatty acids, pattern, and abundance), microbial activity (basal respiration, dehydrogenase, protease, urease, β‐glucosidase, and total amount of phosphomonoesterase activities), and physical (aggregate stability) and chemical (total organic C, total N, available P and water‐soluble carbohydrates) properties in a vineyard under semiarid Mediterranean conditions after a period of 10 years. The three fertilization systems assayed were as follows: inorganic fertilization, addition of grapevine pruning with sheep manure (OPM), and addition of grapevine pruning with a legume cover crop (OPL). Both treatments, OPM and OPL, produced higher contents of total organic carbon, total N, available P, water‐soluble carbohydrates, and stable aggregates. The organic fertilization systems increased microbial biomass, shifted the structure and composition of the soil microbial community, and stimulated microbial activity, when compared with inorganic fertilization. The abundances of fungi and G+ bacteria were increased by treatments OPM and OPL, without significant differences between them. Organic and inorganic fertilization produced similar grapevine yields. The ability of the organic fertilization systems for promoting the sustainability and soil biological and chemical fertility of an agroecosystem under semiarid conditions was dependent of the organic N source. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

PROGRESS IN THE CERTIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL STAINS     

COMMISSION ON STANDARDIZATION OF STAINS  Conn HJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1924,59(1514):18

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THE TIDAL AIR OF LABORATORY ANIMALS     

PERSONNEL OF U. S. NAVY MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT NO.  Kleiber M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1944,99(2583):542

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长白猪等生长肥育猪不同营养水平肥育对比试验——Ⅰ.肥育及胴体性状     

柳小春 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(3)

选择类似条件的长白、大约、长大杂、四元杂断奶仔猪各20头,均等分成两组,分别喂给按美国饲养标准和中国饲养标准配合的日粮,对试验结果进行了最小二乘分析,结果表明,品种组合及营养水平对日增重均有极显著影响,品种组合对后腿比例、瘦肉率、四腿瘦肉率、皮率有显著或极显著影响,对其它性状无显著影响;营养水平除对屠宰率有显著影响外,对其它胴体性状无显著影响,品种组合与营养水平间互作仅在胴体直长、眼肌面积、四腿瘦肉率等少数性状上存在显著影响,采用美国饲养标准饲喂瘦肉型外来品种及其杂种具有饲养成本低,周转快的优点。  相似文献   

Prehistoric agriculture in tropical highlands     

Linares OF  Sheets PD  Rosenthal EJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1975,187(4172):137-145

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临夏草地畜牧业资源的开发利用     

马忠魁 《草业科学》1991,8(1):55-58

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