Efficacy of the morantel sustained release trilaminate matrix against gastrointestinal nematodes in beef calves     

L G Rickard  G L Zimmerman  E P Hoberg  P W Lockwood  D W Weber  R Miller 《Veterinary parasitology》1989,33(2):125-133

The effectiveness of the morantel sustained release trilaminate (MSRT) in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes through a grazing season was evaluated using 60 yearling beef stocker calves randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 animals each. In April 1985, the calves comprising the treatment group each received an MSRT designed to release morantel tartrate continuously for 90 days while those of the control group remained unmedicated. All animals were weighed and samples of rectal feces were taken at 14-day intervals, beginning on Day 0, until trial termination (Day 168). At trial termination, 10 control and 10 treated calves were necropsied for recovery of gastrointestinal nematodes. Three sets of parasite-na?ve tracer calves were utilized to evaluate the initial, interim and final levels of pasture contamination by nematode larvae. Overall, the use of the MSRT resulted in a 75.5% reduction (P less than 0.001) in output of nematode eggs from the principals, an 81.8% reduction (P less than 0.001) in numbers of gastrointestinal nematodes in principals (at trial termination), and a 96.9% reduction (P less than 0.05) of pasture larval nematode contamination (as indirectly indicated by parasite burdens in tracer calves). The mean weight advantage of treated calves was 16.6 kg per head (P less than 0.001).  相似文献   

Factors affecting volatile terpene and non-terpene biotransformation products in plant cell cultures.     

W Zhu  G Asghari  G B Lockwood 《Fitoterapia》2000,71(5):501-506

Suspension cultures from Peganum harmala were shown to carry out biotransformations of a number of terpenes and non-terpenes. The rate of biotransformation was dependent upon substrate concentration, density of cell suspensions, and the structure and isomeric form of the substrates.  相似文献   

Production of glucosinolate hydrolysis products in Farsetia aegyptia suspension cultures following elicitation     

Al-Gendy AA  Lockwood GB 《Fitoterapia》2005,76(3-4):288-295

Levels of glucosinolates in Farsetia aegyptia var. ovalis suspension cultures were monitored after treatment with yeast extract, chitosan, methyl jasmonate, ampicillin, and Phytophthora infestans autoclaved mycelia as elicitors. Glucosinolates were identified, and an estimation of their levels obtained from their hydrolysis products. Yeast extract improved glucotropaeolin (benzyl-glucosinolate) and glucocheirolin [3-(methylsulfonyl)propyl-glucosinolate] accumulation, and production of sec-butyl, isobutylglucosinolate and gluconasturtiin (2-phenylethyl-glucosinolate) was only detected in yeast elicited cultures. Increases were shown in glucotropaeolin levels in cultures elicited using methyljasmonate, and chitosan and methyljasmonate in combination.  相似文献   

Clinical and pathological findings of Babesia infection in dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PJ IRWIN  GW HUTCHINSON 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(6):204-209

The clinical and pathological findings of Babesia infection in 32 dogs in northern Australia are presented. Eleven different breed types were represented from 6 localities in north Queensland and one locality in northern Western Australia. Twenty three (72%) were males. Babesia-infected dogs were grouped by the degree of haematological disturbance and clinical severity: Acute babesiosis (25/32), all pups with severe haemolytic anaemia; subclinical carriers (5/32) with non-specific malaise, characterised haematologically by a normal erythrogram but marked leucopenia; chronic anaemia, observed in 2 adult dogs. Pups were azotaemic (serum urea greater than 6.6 mmol/l) and had elevated serum bilirubin levels (20.8 to 48.5 mmol/l). Total serum protein was usually within the normal range. Pups that died were also hypoglycaemic and severely hyperkalaemic (K+ greater than 10 mmol/l). Low parasitaemias in routine blood smears complicated diagnosis but smears made from ear or toe capillaries, or after haematocrit concentration, greatly enhanced finding parasitised cells. At necropsy, pallor and jaundice were the most consistent observations. Haemoglobinuric nephrosis, an active reticulo-endothelial system and capillaries packed with large numbers of infected erythrocytes were the main histopathological findings. A combination of imidocarb dipropionate at 5 mg/kg body weight, given intramuscularly, with fluid therapy and blood transfusion was the most successful treatment.  相似文献   

Suspected Cryptostegia grandiflora (rubber vine) poisoning in horses     

DR COOK  GW CAMPBELL  AR MELDRUM 《Australian veterinary journal》1990,67(9):344-344

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Mycostasis in relation to the microbial nutrient sinks of five soils     

A.B. Filonow  J.L. Lockwood 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1983,15(5):557-565

[^l4C]exudation from fungal propagules on 5 soils over 4–24 h was studied in relation to mycostasis. [^l4C]exudation from sclerotia of Macrophomina phaseolina, chlamydospores of Thielaviopsis basicola, and conidia of Cochliobolus victoriae after 24 h on two sandy loam soils and a loam was generally greater than exudation on the two clay loam soils. Results were similar for conidia of Stemphylium sarcinaeforme but differences were not statistically significant. When natural soils were pulsed with [¹⁴C]glucose, ¹⁴CO₂ evolved by the soil microflora over 2–12 h showed a similar trend. [¹⁴C]exudation from M. phaseolina sclerotia and C. victoriae conidia incubated on soils was greater than that from propagules incubated aseptically on a bed of sand through which water percolated at a flow rate sufficient to inhibit germination. Propagules of C. victoriae, M. phaseolinia and T. basicola germinated greater on one or more of the coarse-textured soils than on fine-textured soils. Using γ-irradiated soils, more [^l4C]exudate was adsorbed by the clay loams than by the loam and sandy loam soils, suggesting that the adsorptive capacity of soils may be an important factor in controlling fungal utilization of soluble nutrients. Fungal germination in soil appears to be jointly influenced by two opposing tendencies: the ease with which germination occurs in response to exogenous nutrients and the amount of endogenous substrate lost or retained.  相似文献   

Construction of a general human chromosome jumping library, with application to cystic fibrosis   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

F S Collins  M L Drumm  J L Cole  W K Lockwood  G F Vande Woude  M C Iannuzzi 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4792):1046-1049

In many genetic disorders, the responsible gene and its protein product are unknown. The technique known as "reverse genetics," in which chromosomal map positions and genetically linked DNA markers are used to identify and clone such genes, is complicated by the fact that the molecular distances from the closest DNA markers to the gene itself are often too large to traverse by standard cloning techniques. To address this situation, a general human chromosome jumping library was constructed that allows the cloning of DNA sequences approximately 100 kilobases away from any starting point in genomic DNA. As an illustration of its usefulness, this library was searched for a jumping clone, starting at the met oncogene, which is a marker tightly linked to the cystic fibrosis gene that is located on human chromosome 7. Mapping of the new genomic fragment by pulsed field gel electrophoresis confirmed that it resides on chromosome 7 within 240 kilobases downstream of the met gene. The use of chromosome jumping should now be applicable to any genetic locus for which a closely linked DNA marker is available.  相似文献   

Disruption of the mauna loa magma system by the 1868 hawaiian earthquake: geochemical evidence     

Tilling RI  Rhodes JM  Sparks JW  Lockwood JP  Lipman PW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4785):196-199

To test whether a catastrophic earthquake could affect an active magma system, mean abundances (adjusted for "olivine control") of titanium, potassium, phosphorus, strontium, zirconium, and niobium of historic lavas erupted from Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii, after 1868 were analyzed and were found to decrease sharply relative to lavas erupted before 1868. This abrupt change in lava chemistry, accompanied by a halved lava-production rate for Mauna Loa after 1877, is interpreted to reflect the disruptive effects of a magnitude 7.5 earthquake in 1868. This interpretation represents a documentable case of changes in magmatic chemical variations initiated or accelerated by a major tectonic event.  相似文献   

Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides: degradation by microbes   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

C I Chacke  J L Lockwood  M Zabik 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,154(751):893-895

In culture, most of the actinomycetes and filamentous fungi tested degraded PCNB; several actinomycetes dechlorinated DDT to DDD, but no microorganism degraded dieldrin. Streptomyces aureofaciens degraded PCNB to pentachloroaniline.  相似文献   

Hormone-dependent differentiation of mammary gland: sequence of action of hormones in relation to cell cycle   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

D H Lockwood  F E Stockdale  Y J Topper 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,156(3777):945-946

Differentiation of mouse mammary gland in vitro requires insulin, hydrocortisone, and prolactin. The epithelial cells must first divide in order to synthesize casein in response to these hormones. Insulin is required for the initiation of DNA synthesis and is also necessary during G(1) phase (after mitosis). Prolactin can elicit the overt differentiative responses after mitosis. Activity of hydrocortisone precedes that of prolactin, that is, after mitosis it is not capable of eliciting the differentiative response.  相似文献