抗青枯病花生种质资源的鉴定与筛选     

杨光  李航宇  陈龙  石守设  余明慧 《农学学报》2021,11(12):44-47

为筛选适宜河南省信阳市种植的抗青枯病花生品种,对27份花生品种青枯病田间病圃进行鉴定,计算其发病率和病情指数,从而进行抗病性鉴定和筛选。结果表明,27个供试品种中,中高抗品种共10个占总数的37%,3个品种类型各筛选出2个抗病品种。6个抗病品种发病规律表明,7天和14天病情指数增长较快,21天后基本无变化。高油型花生‘远杂9102’和‘信花425’,高油酸型花生‘信花14号’和‘驻花11号’,普通型花生‘远杂21号’和‘豫花149号’为适宜信阳种植的抗病品种。  相似文献   

Utilizing a DUALEM‐421 and inversion modelling to map baseline soil salinity along toposequences in the Hunter Valley Wine district          下载免费PDF全文

U. Stockmann  J. Huang  B. Minasny  J. Triantafilis 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(3):413-424

In the oldest commercial wine district of Australia, the Hunter Valley, there is the threat of soil salinization because marine sediments underlie the area. To understand the risk requires information about the spatial distribution of soil properties. Electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments have been used to identify and map the spatial variation of average soil salinity to a certain depth. However, soils vary with depth dependent on soil forming factors. We collected data from a single‐frequency and multiple‐coil DUALEM‐421 along a toposequence. We inverted this data using EM4Soil software and evaluated the resultant 2‐dimensional model of true electrical conductivity (σ – mS/m) with depth against electrical conductivity of saturated soil pastes (EC_p – dS/m). Using a fitted linear regression (LR) model calibration approach and by varying the forward model (cumulative function‐CF and full solution‐FS), inversion algorithm (S1 and S2), damping factor (λ) and number of arrays, we determined a suitable electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI), which was optimal (R² = 0.82) when using the full solution, S2, λ = 3.6 and all six coil arrays. We conducted an uncertainty analysis of the LR model used to estimate the electrical conductivity of the saturated soil‐paste extract (EC_e – dS/m). Our interpretation based on estimates of EC_e suggests the approach can identify differences in salinity, how these vary with parent material and how topography influences salt distribution. The results provide information leading to insights into how soil forming factors and agricultural practices influence salinity down a toposequence and how this can guide soil management practices.  相似文献   

Do cover crops change the lability of phosphorus in a clayey subtropical soil under different phosphate fertilizers?          下载免费PDF全文

A. P. B. Teles  M. Rodrigues  W. F. Bejarano Herrera  A. Soltangheisi  L. R. Sartor  P. J. A. Withers  P. S. Pavinato 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(1):34-44

Plants have developed different mechanisms to absorb and solubilize phosphorus (P) in the soil, especially in environments with low P availability. This study evaluated the effects of different winter cover crops on soil P availability in a clayey subtropical (Hapludox) soil receiving soluble P fertilizer and a rock phosphate applied to the summer crop, under no‐tillage. The experiment was carried out over 3 yrs (2009–2011) with five different cover crop species: common vetch, fodder radish, ryegrass, black oat, white clover and fallow as control. The soil was sampled after the third year of cover crop cultivation and analysed for inorganic and organic P forms according to the well‐established Hedley fractionation procedure. Phosphate fertilizers promoted accumulation of both labile and nonlabile P pools in soil in the near surface layer, especially under rock phosphate. Fertilizer applications were not able to change P fractions in deeper layers, emphasizing that the Brazilian clayey soils are a sink of P from fertilizer and its mobility is almost nil. Although the cover crops recycled a great amount of P in tissue, in a short‐term evaluation (3 yrs) they only changed the content of moderately labile P in soil, indicating that long‐term studies are needed for more conclusive results.  相似文献   

Differential regulation on C5 expression in goose versus mammals by glucose/palmitate provides a potential protection for goose fatty liver     

Zidi Jin  Long Liu  Cheng Xu  Chunchi Yan  Shuo Li  Tuoyu Geng  Daoqing Gong 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13672

Goose fatty liver is a specific type of nonalcoholic fatty liver that is protected from harmful effects associated with severe steatosis. Our previous findings suggest that suppression of the complement C5 may be relevant, but the mechanism is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we first verified the expression pattern of complement genes (including C5) during goose fatty liver formation and then determined the liver fat content and fatty acid composition by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by selecting the differential metabolites to treat HepG2, goose and mouse primary hepatocytes, aiming to explore the mechanism of C5 and inflammation suppression in goose fatty liver. The data confirmed the suppression of complement genes (including C5) in goose fatty livers. Moreover, fat content was significantly higher in fatty liver versus normal ones, with oleic acid and palmitic acid dominantly accounting for the difference. In line with this, high concentration of palmitate led to down regulation of C5 expression in goose primary hepatocytes whereas upregulation in mouse primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, regulation on C5 expression by fatty liver related factors including high level of palmitic acid may contribute to the protection of goose liver from severe hepatic steatosis.  相似文献   

高产、抗病转基因抗虫棉品种——中棉所94A915     

范术丽  王龙  庞朝友  魏恒玲  王寒涛  王晖  喻树迅 《中国棉花》2017,44(1):35-35

概述了中棉所94A915的选育经过、特征特性，并总结了其关键栽培技术。  相似文献   

吉林省S村"第一书记"在精准扶贫攻坚战中的作用与经验     

张思源  夏龙 《河北农业科学》2020,24(3):18-20,42

"第一书记"是脱贫攻坚过程中的一次重要改革和有效手段之一,推进了精准扶贫工作的良性运转,促进了乡村治理进程的稳定发展。为进一步提高和巩固精准扶贫的效率和成果,通过对吉林省提前脱贫村S村进行实地调查,座谈走访、深入到户等方式,结合深度访谈,对"第一书记"推动S村精准扶贫精准脱贫工作有效进行的实践经验进行了总结。梳理其在脱贫攻坚中遇到的问题和不足,为继续发挥其在扶贫阶段的治理逻辑和工作机制与乡村振兴战略的衔接提出两点期望。  相似文献   

净化液处理对豇豆采后多环芳烃(PAHs)的净化效果研究     

巫桂芬  乔双雨  龙明华 《中国农学通报》2020,36(29):87-92

为降低蔬菜采后体内多环芳烃(PAHs)对人体的危害风险,以豇豆为材料,利用不同浓度洗洁精、食盐、米酒、米醋、植物油及清水分别对豇豆豆荚进行浸洗,通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用法检测豇豆采后体内PAHs的含量,并筛选出豇豆体内PAHs的最佳净化方法。结果表明,米酒和米醋处理对豇豆体内PAHs的去除效果基本一致,其中米酒处理组的∑PAHs（美国环保局公布的优先监测的16种多环芳烃的含量总和）降低68.92%,米醋处理组的∑PAHs降低73.88%,且对萘、二苯并(a,h)蒽和茚并(1,2,3-c,d)芘等均有明显的去除效果;清水浸洗可有效降低豇豆体内的茚并(1,2,3-c,d)芘含量,但会使菲的含量增加;食盐处理使∑PAHs增加了77.15%,主要表现在增加了2、3环PAHs在豇豆体内的积累;植物油处理可降低个别PAHs单体含量,但会引入其他PAHs单体,同时增加∑PAHs含量。毒性当量计算结果表明,米酒能有效降低豇豆体内的PAHs毒性,同时食盐处理也使豇豆体内的PAHs毒性当量降低。米酒和米醋能有效降低豇豆体内∑PAHs和二苯并(a,h)蒽的含量及其毒性当量。  相似文献   

Natural antibacterial compounds on the surface of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson     

B. AUSTIN  D. McINTOSH 《Journal of fish diseases》1988,11(3):275-277

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Consistency of results from the Vettest 8008 clinical biochemistry analyser.     

C J Little  G Gettinby  J Downs  C B Marshall 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(19):419-424

Findings are presented on the precision of a clinical biochemistry analyser designed specifically for veterinary use. Twenty biochemical analytes have been examined in detail for variation within and between runs. The results indicate that the analyser can provide high precision for all the analytes with the possible exception of calcium, and suggest that the instrument can be used with confidence in the practice laboratory to aid diagnosis and to monitor biochemical changes in animals receiving treatment.  相似文献   

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological features 1985 to 1990.   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

J W Wilesmith  J B Ryan  W D Hueston  L J Hoinville 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(5):90-94

Following the identification of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the British cattle population in 1986 epidemiological studies were launched. This paper provides an updated account of the epidemiological features of BSE from 1985, when the first cases, based on clinical histories, occurred, until 1990. The number of cases up to December 1989 represents an annual incidence of 3.9 confirmed cases per 1000 adult animals in Great Britain. Many more dairy herds were affected than beef suckler herds, a difference attributable to the difference in feeding practices between the two herd types. The geographical variation in incidence previously described has persisted with the highest incidence in the south and east of England. Other features of the epidemiology, including the low within-herd incidence, remained unaltered from the earlier findings. The results support the previously suggested hypothesis that the outbreak of BSE was due to the sudden exposure of the cattle population to a scrapie-like agent in 1981/82. There was no evidence of direct transmission between cattle during the period considered.  相似文献