Chylothorax associated with cryptococcal mediastinal granuloma in a cat     

Meadows RL  MacWilliams PS  Dzata G  Meinen J 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1993,22(4):109-116

A 10-year-old neutered female cat had chylothorax, precaval syndrome, and a mediastinal granuloma resulting from infection with Cryptococcus neoformans. Diagnosis of a chylous effusion was made by cytologic examination of pleural fluid and by finding higher triglyceride levels in the effusion than in serum (825 vs. 64 mg/dl, respectively). Postmortem examination revealed cryptococcal organisms in the mediastinal granuloma, lungs, cerebral meninges, and connective tissues adjacent to the thyroid gland. Chylous effusion in a cat associated with cryptococcosis has not been reported previously. Cryptococcosis should be included in the differential diagnosis in chylous effusions in cats.  相似文献   

Seasonal Effect on Zebu Embryo Quality as Determined by Their Degree of Apoptosis and Resistance to Cryopreservation     

YC Marquez  CS Galina  N Moreno  H Ruiz  A Ruiz  H Merchant 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2005,40(6):553-558

In order to optimize the production of embryos under tropical conditions and to test a possible seasonal effect on embryo quality, 40 Zebu cows were superovulated during the dry season (April to May) and during the rainy season (July to August). A total of 116 (average 2.7/cow) and 83 embryos (3.5 average/cow) were obtained during the respective seasons. After classification as good, fair or poor quality, embryos were tested based on their ultrastructural differences (n = 53 dry season 16 good, 20 fair and 17 poor and n = 61 rainy season 21 good, 20 fair and 20 poor) and their degree of apoptosis using the TUNEL technique (n = 30 during the dry season and n = 55 in the rainy season). Structural characteristics determining embryo quality varied between good and fair quality embryos. No difference, however, was observed between good, fair and poor quality embryos from the two seasons. The number of TUNEL-positive cells was different among embryos (p < 0.001), being lower in labelled cells of good quality embryos regardless of the season. Fewer apoptotic cells were observed in embryos assigned in all three quality levels during the rainy season (p < 0.001). Ultrastructural evaluations confirmed the results obtained by TUNEL. Cryopreserved embryos of good (n = 25 in each season) and fair quality (n = 11 dry season; n = 17 rainy season) showed a significant decrease of TUNEL-positive cells during the rainy season (p < 0.05). Results suggest that embryos collected in the dry season have more cellular damage in contrast; embryos cryopreserved in the rainy season appeared morphologically better equipped to result in a pregnancy following transfer.  相似文献   

Assessment of the Intensity of Behavioural Traits and Ovulation between Synchronized and Non-synchronized Cows     

K Forster  CS Galina  M Maquivar  G Van der Laan  R Arnoni  A Verduzco 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2007,42(6):566-570

Thirty cyclic, non-suckled Brahman cows were divided into three groups, all of which were synchronized sequentially with CIDR-B and observed continuously for 100 h to determine different behavioural oestrus signs. Twenty-four hours after implant withdrawal, all synchronized cows in the group, together with all other cows displaying oestrus, were subjected to intensive ultrasonographic observations (every 6 h for 120 h) to pinpoint the moment of ovulation. In the first group, oestrus and ovulation response was 60% (6/10), in the second 44% (4/9) showed oestrus and six ovulated, and in the third group oestrus and ovulation were 80% (8/10). Significant differences were observed between the second and third groups (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in the duration of oestrus, time when oestrus was displayed after implant withdrawal, time of ovulation and onset of oestrus, end of oestrus to ovulation, and intensity of oestrus on a point scale. The relationship between duration of oestrus and time of ovulation was r(2) = 0.16. Ovulation, on average, was 32.1 +/- 14.5 h after the onset of oestrus, 22.3 +/- 16.5 h after the end of oestrus, and 91.8 +/- 16.7 after implant withdrawal, although no significant differences were observed. One non-synchronized animal showed oestrous activity in the second group but failed to ovulate. In the third group, 8 animals showed oestrus, 4 with high concentrations of progesterone. Of the other four one ovulated. In conclusion, oestrous behaviour is not necessarily the best marker to predict the time when ovulation takes place due to variation in the length of the oestrous period and the possible integration of non-ovulatory animals into sexually active groups.  相似文献   

Interacting effects of temperature integration and light intensity on growth and development of single-stemmed cut rose plants     

J.A. Dieleman  E. Meinen 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Energy conservation in horticulture can be achieved by allowing temperatures to fluctuate within predefined bandwidths instead of using rigid set points for heating and ventilation. In temperature integration, plants are supposed to compensate effects of temporarily deviations of the average temperature some time later by deviations in the opposite direction. However, little is still known on the effects of integration periods exceeding 1 day. In this study, effects of temperature integration on growth and development of single-stemmed cut rose plants were determined. Pruned rose shoots were placed in climate chambers in which light levels switched daily (2 days integration period) or weekly (14 days integration period) from high light intensity (300 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) to low light (150 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). Temperatures were kept continuously at 20 °C (control) or changed with the light intensity (phase, high temperature at high light intensity, low temperature at low light intensity) or changed opposite to the light intensity (counter phase). Bandwidths of temperature integration were 0, 6 or 10 °C. Under these conditions, buds grew out to harvestable shoots in approximately 45 days. At both integration periods, shoot length was significantly reduced with increasing bandwidths of temperature integration. Shoot dry weights were reduced when a bandwidth of 10 °C was applied. At both integration periods, rates of photosynthesis were primarily determined by light intensity. However, in the counter phase treatments, photosynthesis rate at high light and low temperature was reduced compared to the high light condition of the control. Under these conditions, starch content increased to approximately 10%, suggesting a feedback inhibition of the rate of photosynthesis. However, this did not (yet) affect plant growth or development.  相似文献   

Is the Production of Embryos in Small‐Scale Farming an Economically Feasible Enterprise?          下载免费PDF全文

Z Sánchez  MA Lammoglia  MA Alarcón  JJ Romero  CS Galina 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(4):574-579

The present assay attempts to evaluate the feasibility of using embryo transfer in small community farmers by in vivo study and by modelling the results obtained. From the total of 59 donor cows, 62.7% responded to treatment, with a significant difference (p = 0.002) in the percentage of the response between breeds, being 90.5% (19/21) in Holstein and 47.4% (18/38) in Brahman. A total of 283 embryos were graded as transferable, while 141 as non‐transferable, without difference in the percentage of transferable embryo by breed (p = 0.18). The mean of transferable embryos graded as class I and II was not different between Holstein and Brahman (p = 0.96 and p = 0.92, respectively); besides, no differences were observed in the other grades (non‐transferable). The highest difference in costs, regardless of its quality by breed, was seen in the lower levels of probable fertility of the embryo transferred, even reaching several hundred dollars. When modelling the expected costs for embryo produced and transferred, values can reach nearly $2000.00 when the probable fertility is only 10%. However, when the probable fertility was 60%, embryo cost was close to $300.00. This technology seems to be viable on average or high‐scale systems, having a superovulatory response between 60 and 80% with 4–6 transferrable embryos. Yet, in small‐scale farming, due to the reduced number of donors and/or recipients, the costs surpass the economical feasibility of the technique.  相似文献   

Relationship of Progesterone,Bovine Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein-1 and Nitric Oxide with Late Embryonic and Early Fetal Mortalities in Dairy Cows     

Aly KAREN  árpád Csaba BAJCSY  Rosa MINOIA  Rezs? KOVáCS  Noelita Melo DE SOUSA  Jean-Fran?ois BECKERS  János TIBOLD  István MáDL  Ottó SZENCI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(2):162-167

The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of progesterone (P4), bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-1 (bPAG-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels with late embryonic (LEM; day 28 to day 42) and early fetal mortalities (EFM; > day 42 to day 56) in dairy cows. Transrectal ultrasonography (6–8 MHz) was performed in 100 Holstein-Friesian cows at days 28, 42 and 56 after artificial insemination (AI; day 0) to diagnose pregnancy and to monitor the fate of the embryo. After ultrasound scanning of each cow, a milk sample was collected for assessment of P4 by an ELISA test and a blood sample was collected for assessment of bPAG-1, by using a double-antibody radioimmunoassay, and serum NO metabolites (nitrate + nitrite). Based on ultrasonographic examinations and bPAG-1-RIA, 41 of 100 inseminated cows were confirmed pregnant at day 28 after AI. Nine cows suffered of LEM, and 6 cows suffered of EFM and the overall pregnancy loss rate was 36.6% (15/41) between days 28 and 56 of pregnancy. By logistic regression analysis, there were no significant relationships between the level of P4 and bPAG-1 at day 28 after AI and the occurrence of LEM and EFM. Also, there were no significant relationships between the levels of P4 and bPAG-1 at day 42 and the occurrence of EFM. On the other hand, a significant relationship (P<0.05) was found between NO level at day 28 and the occurrence of LEM. In conclusion, measurement of the serum NO concentration at day 28 of pregnancy might help to predict the outcome of pregnancy by day 42 in dairy cows but further studies are needed to confirm this.  相似文献   

Hyoscine‐N‐butylbromide premedication on cardiovascular variables of horses sedated with medetomidine     

João H Perotta  Paulo A Canola  Maristela CS Lopes  Patrícia M Évora  Paulo EB Martinez  André Escobar  Carlos AA Valadão 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(4):357-364

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) hyoscine premedication on physiologic variables following IV administration of medetomidine in horses.Study designRandomized, crossover experimental study.AnimalsEight healthy crossbred horses weighing 330 ± 39 kg and aged 7 ± 4 years.MethodsBaseline measurements of heart rate (HR), cardiac index (CI), respiratory rate, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), percentage of patients with second degree atrioventricular (2^oAV) block, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pH, and arterial partial pressures of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) and oxygen (PaO₂) were obtained 5 minutes before administration of IV hyoscine (0.14 mg kg^?1; group HIV), IM hyoscine (0.3 mg kg^?1; group HIM), or an equal volume of physiologic saline IV (group C). Five minutes later, medetomidine (7.5 μg kg^?1) was administered IV and measurements were recorded at various time points for 130 minutes.ResultsMedetomidine induced bradycardia, 2^oAV blocks and increased SVR immediately after administration, without significant changes in CI or MAP in C. Hyoscine administration induced tachycardia and hypertension, and decreased the percentage of 2^oAV blocks induced by medetomidine. Peak HR and MAP were higher in HIV than HIM at 88 ± 18 beats minute^?1 and 241 ± 37 mmHg versus 65 ± 16 beats minute^?1 and 192 ± 38 mmHg, respectively. CI was increased significantly in HIV (p ≤ 0.05). Respiratory rate decreased significantly in all groups during the recording period. pH, PaCO₂ and PaO₂ were not significantly changed by administration of medetomidine with or without hyoscine.Conclusion and clinical relevanceHyoscine administered IV or IM before medetomidine in horses resulted in tachycardia and hypertension under the conditions of this study. The significance of these changes, and responses to other dose rates, requires further investigation.  相似文献   

Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of d-trans-allethrin     

V J Meinen 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1972,55(5):907-912

  相似文献   

Observed flow compensation associated with the MOC at 26.5 degrees N in the Atlantic   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kanzow T  Cunningham SA  Rayner D  Hirschi JJ  Johns WE  Baringer MO  Bryden HL  Beal LM  Meinen CS  Marotzke J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5840):938-941

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC), which provides one-quarter of the global meridional heat transport, is composed of a number of separate flow components. How changes in the strength of each of those components may affect that of the others has been unclear because of a lack of adequate data. We continuously observed the MOC at 26.5 degrees N for 1 year using end-point measurements of density, bottom pressure, and ocean currents; cable measurements across the Straits of Florida; and wind stress. The different transport components largely compensate for each other, thus confirming the validity of our monitoring approach. The MOC varied over the period of observation by +/-5.7 x 10(6) cubic meters per second, with density-inferred and wind-driven transports contributing equally to it. We find evidence for depth-independent compensation for the wind-driven surface flow.  相似文献   

Temporal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5 degrees N   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Cunningham SA  Kanzow T  Rayner D  Baringer MO  Johns WE  Marotzke J  Longworth HR  Grant EM  Hirschi JJ  Beal LM  Meinen CS  Bryden HL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5840):935-938

The vigor of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is thought to be vulnerable to global warming, but its short-term temporal variability is unknown so changes inferred from sparse observations on the decadal time scale of recent climate change are uncertain. We combine continuous measurements of the MOC (beginning in 2004) using the purposefully designed transatlantic Rapid Climate Change array of moored instruments deployed along 26.5 degrees N, with time series of Gulf Stream transport and surface-layer Ekman transport to quantify its intra-annual variability. The year-long average overturning is 18.7 +/- 5.6 sverdrups (Sv) (range: 4.0 to 34.9 Sv, where 1 Sv = a flow of ocean water of 10(6) cubic meters per second). Interannual changes in the overturning can be monitored with a resolution of 1.5 Sv.  相似文献