Hypokalaemic episodic polymyopathy in cats fed a vegetarian diet     

A. LEON  SAF BAIN  WR LEVICK 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(10):249-254

A previously undocumented hypokalaemic condition with a cyclical nature, comprising acute bouts of polymyopathy followed by spontaneous recoveries, is described in the cat. Cats being fed a high protein vegetarian diet developed recurrent episodes of polymyopathy, characterised by ventroflexion of the head and neck, stiff forelimb gait, lateral head-resting and generalised muscle weakness. Plasma potassium concentrations (mean +/- standard deviation) were reduced from 3.28 +/- 0.33 mmol/l at the beginning of the experiment to 2.45 +/- 0.24 mmol/l during bouts of myopathy. This hypokalaemia was associated with increased creatine kinase activities indicative of muscle damage, and decreased urinary potassium concentrations, and was caused by insufficient dietary potassium. Cats that received the same diet supplemented with potassium did not develop hypokalaemic polymyopathy. Spontaneous recoveries of affected cats were not associated consistently with increases in plasma potassium concentrations. Plasma taurine concentrations decreased and glutamic acid increased markedly in all cats fed the experimental diet. There was no evidence of thiamin deficiency associated with the high glutamic acid intake. Veterinarians should be aware that hypokalaemic cats, and in particular those on potassium-deficient diets, may show cyclical disease with episodes of polymyopathy recurring after periods of spontaneous clinical recovery. This condition in cats may be a useful animal model for familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis in humans.  相似文献   

Periorchitis after tetramisole treatment in bulls implanted with Setaria labiatopapillos     

T A Powe  R D Powers 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1985,186(6):588-589

Thirteen mixed-breed beef bulls, 1 to 4 years old, were used to determine the effect of live and dead filarial nematodes, Setaria labiatopapillosa, placed in the vaginal cavity of the testes. When dead worms were used, granulomatous lesions developed on the tunica vaginalis parietalis in 7 of 8 testes. The lesions were similar to those seen in some clinical cases of periorchitis. Similar lesions developed in 5 of 6 testes after live worms were implanted in the vaginal cavity of the testes and tetramisole (8 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously 6 days after implantation. When live worms were implanted and tetramisole was not given, lesions developed in 3 of 6 testes. It was concluded that the granulomatous reaction was a local response to dead or killed S labiatopapillosa.  相似文献   

Treatment of canine haemangiosarcoma with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor     

L. A. Cohen  B. Powers  S. Amin  D. Desai 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2004,2(4):243-248

A case report is presented by describing the treatment of a 12‐year‐old dog – diagnosed with haemangiosarcoma (HSA) – with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. The drug was administered orally, on a daily basis, approximately 2 weeks post‐splenectomy at a dose of 3 mg kg^?1. HSA is a lethal malignancy of the endothelium, which is usually disseminated by the time it is diagnosed. Median survival time, usually, is no longer than 80 days. Following treatment with SAHA, no sign of malignant growth could be discerned by means of diagnostic abdominal ultrasound, chest X‐ray or with the help of clinical symptoms, over a period of >1000 days. The precise mechanism by which HDAC inhibitors exert their anti‐cancer effects is uncertain, but evidence suggests that exposure to SAHA generates hyperacetylated chromosomal histones, which, in turn, facilitates the expression of tumour suppressor genes turned off by epigenetic mechanisms during neoplastic transformation of the endothelium.  相似文献   

A perspective on the measurement of time in plant disease epidemiology   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

D. J. Lovell †  S. J. Powers  S. J. Welham  S. R. Parker 《Plant pathology》2004,53(6):705-712

The growth and development of plant pathogens and their hosts generally respond strongly to the temperature of their environment. However, most studies of plant pathology record pathogen/host measurements against physical time (e.g. hours or days) rather than thermal time (e.g. degree-days or degree-hours). This confounds the comparison of epidemiological measurements across experiments and limits the value of the scientific literature.  相似文献   

Evolutionary implications of two rainbow trout growth hormone genes     

T. T. Chen  L. B. Agellon  C. M. Lin  H. J. Tsai  Peijun Zhang  L. I. González-Villasénor  D. A. Powers 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,7(1-6):381-385

The primary structures of two rainbow trout growth hormone mRNAs (GH1 and GH2) have been deduced by direct sequencing of their respective cDNA clones and portions of the mRNA. Both GH1 and GH2 mRNA contain open reading frames comprised of 630 nucleotides and encode 210 amino acid residues of which 11 are variant. The translated regions of both mRNA are flanked by a short but rather conserved 5′-end, and a relatively long but highly diverged 3′-end. The differences at translated and 3′-untranslated regions suggest that the GH1 and GH2 mRNA originate from different loci. The GH1 and GH2 mRNA are likely transcribed from two distinct loci which were duplicated during tetraploidization of salmonid genome between 50 to 100 million years ago. The GH2 gene has been isolated and sequenced from a rainbow trout genomic library. This gene spans a region of approximately 4 kilobases. The trout GH gene is comprised of 6 exons and 5 introns, in contrast to 5 exons and 4 introns in mammals. The additional intron in the trout gene interrupts the translated regions that are analogous to the last exon of the mammalian counterpart. The alleged internally repeating sequences in mammalian GH, prolactin (Pr1) and placental lactogen (PL) are not observed in the predicted polypeptide sequence of trout GH. In addition, direct repeats that flank exons I, III and V of mammalian GH, Pr1 and PL genes are absent in trout gene. These findings indicate that the rainbow trout GH gene structure does not support the current hypothesis that internally repeated regions in GH, Pr1 and PL arose from a small primordial gene.  相似文献   

Enzyme-catalyzed change of antioxidants content and antioxidant activity of asparagus juice     

Sun T  Powers JR  Tang J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(1):56-60

A pectolytic enzyme preparation from Aspergillus niger (pectinase AN) decreased most rutin content and antioxidant activity of asparagus juice. To investigate the mechanism of such loss, we analyzed several possible related enzyme activities in pectinase AN. We found that the activity of pectinase AN to oxidize guaiacol had no significant difference with or without the presence of H2O2; thus it was laccase activity, not peroxidase (PO) activity, that pectinase AN contained. We did not find any polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in pectinase AN. Laccase in pectinase AN could be the major cause of loss of rutin and antioxidant activity of asparagus juice. When most laccase activity of pectinase AN was inactivated after heating at 70 degrees C for 1.5 min and incubated with asparagus juice, the loss rate of rutin was only 9% of that treated with unheated pectinase AN, and the antioxidant activity was even increased. Rhamnosidase activity was detected in pectinase AN and can change rutin in asparagus juice to quercetin-3-glucoside, which has higher antioxidant activity than rutin. This may explain the increase of antioxidant activity of asparagus juice treated with heated pectinase AN that still contained some rhamnosidase activity. The discovery of our research is helpful to produce juice with high antioxidant activity and high health benefits in the juice industry.  相似文献   

Evaluation of opioid receptors in synovial membranes of horses     

Sheehy JG  Hellyer PW  Sammonds GE  Mama KR  Powers BE  Hendrickson DA  Magnusson KR 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(9):1408-1412

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate mu-opioid receptors in synovial membranes of horses and determine whether these receptors are up-regulated in nerve endings during inflammation. SAMPLE POPULATION: Synovial tissue obtained from 39 client-owned horses during arthroscopy and 14 research horses during necropsy; brain and synovial tissues were obtained during necropsy from 1 horse, and control tissues were obtained from a mouse. PROCEDURE: Horses were classified into 7 groups on the basis of histologically determined degree of inflammation. Binding of primary rabbit antibody developed against mu-opioid receptors in equine synovial tissue was studied, using western blot analysis. Synovial membranes were tested for mu-opioid receptors by immunohistochemical staining, using a diaminobenzidine-cobalt chloride chromogen. Homogenates of synovial membranes were evaluated by use of radioligand binding. RESULTS: Examination of western blots of equine thalamus revealed that rabbit antibody developed against mu-opioid receptors yielded a band (molecular weight, 55 kd) that corresponded with that of other opioid receptors. Use of immunohistochemical staining of synovial tissue revealed considerable staining in the proliferative lining layer and in regions surrounding vascular structures. Specific radioligand binding of tissue homogenates was found in all groups. We did not detect significant differences in binding between horses with inflammation and horses without inflammation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results of immunohistochemical analysis and radioligand binding of tissue homogenates suggest that there are opioid receptors in synovial membranes of horses. Our results support the practice of intra-articular administration of opioids to relieve pain after arthroscopic surgery in horses.  相似文献   

Surgical treatment of adrenocortical tumors: 21 cases (1990-1996)     

Anderson CR  Birchard SJ  Powers BE  Belandria GA  Kuntz CA  Withrow SJ 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2001,37(1):93-97

Twenty-four adrenocortical tumors were surgically removed from 21 dogs. Histopathological examination confirmed 18 carcinomas and six adenomas. Four dogs died in the perioperative period. Fifteen of the 17 dogs that survived the perioperative period had long-term resolution of their clinical signs. Two dogs with incompletely resected tumors were treated with mitotane to control their clinical signs. Overall median Kaplan-Meier life-table survival for dogs with carcinomas was 778 days (range, one to 1,593 days). Median survival for dogs with adenomas was not reached (range, 11 to 730 days). Histopathological diagnosis, histopathological cellular features, age of the dog, and tumor size were not prognostic of outcome.  相似文献   

Study of the double isotope single-injection method for estimating renal function in purebred Beagle dogs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T E Powers  J D Powers  R C Garg 《American journal of veterinary research》1977,38(12):1933-1936

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Megaesophagus in a colt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K F Bowman  J T Vaughan  C B Quick  G H Hankes  R W Redding  R C Purohit  P F Rumph  R D Powers  N K Harper 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1978,172(3):334-337

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