Chemopreventive efficacy of lycopene on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.     

V Bhuvaneswari  B Velmurugan  S Balasenthil  C R Ramachandran  S Nagini 《Fitoterapia》2001,72(8):865-874

The chemopreventive efficacy of lycopene on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis was examined using lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) as biomarkers of chemoprevention. Twenty four male Syrian hamsters were divided into four groups of six animals each. The right buccal pouches of the animals in group 1 were painted with a 0.5% solution of DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week. The animals in group 2 were painted with DMBA as in group 1 and in addition received 2.5 mg/kg body weight lycopene orally three times a week on days alternate to DMBA application. Group 3 animals received lycopene as in group 2. Animals in group 4 received neither DMBA nor lycopene and served as control. The hamsters were killed after an experimental period of 14 weeks. Biochemical measurements were carried out in tumour and normal tissues. All hamsters painted with DMBA alone for 14 weeks developed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Diminished lipid peroxidation in the oral tumour tissue was accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of GSH, GPx, GST and GR. Administration of lycopene significantly suppressed DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis as revealed by the absence of carcinomas. The results of the present study suggest that lycopene may exert its chemopreventive effects by modulating lipid peroxidation and enhancing the activities of the enzymes in the glutathione redox cycle.  相似文献   

First record of a Hop stunt viroid variant on Nagpur mandarin and Mosambi sweet orange trees on rough lemon and Rangpur lime rootstocks     

P. Ramachandran  J. Agarwal  A. Roy  D. K. Ghosh  D. R. Das  Y. S. Ahlawat 《Plant pathology》2005,54(4):571-571

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Observations on the incidence and histopathology of pneumonia of sheep and goats in India     

S Ramachandran  G L Sharma 《The Indian veterinary journal》1969,46(1):16-29

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The use of various extracts of Brucella abortus for haemagglutination test in brucellosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

R C Kulshrestha  M Ramachandran 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(6):564-569

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Chemopreventive efficacy of lycopene on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis     

Vaidhyanathan Bhuvaneswari  Balaiya Velmurugan  Seetharaman Balasenthil  Chinnamanoor R. Ramachandran  Siddavaram Nagini   《Fitoterapia》2001,72(8)

The chemopreventive efficacy of lycopene on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis was examined using lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) as biomarkers of chemoprevention. Twenty four male Syrian hamsters were divided into four groups of six animals each. The right buccal pouches of the animals in group 1 were painted with a 0.5% solution of DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week. The animals in group 2 were painted with DMBA as in group 1 and in addition received 2.5 mg/kg body weight lycopene orally three times a week on days alternate to DMBA application. Group 3 animals received lycopene as in group 2. Animals in group 4 received neither DMBA nor lycopene and served as control. The hamsters were killed after an experimental period of 14 weeks. Biochemical measurements were carried out in tumour and normal tissues. All hamsters painted with DMBA alone for 14 weeks developed well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. Diminished lipid peroxidation in the oral tumour tissue was accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of GSH, GPx, GST and GR. Administration of lycopene significantly suppressed DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis as revealed by the absence of carcinomas. The results of the present study suggest that lycopene may exert its chemopreventive effects by modulating lipid peroxidation and enhancing the activities of the enzymes in the glutathione redox cycle.  相似文献   

Greenhouse evaluation and inheritance analysis of transgenic cotton expressing <Emphasis Type="Italic">PTM3</Emphasis>, a MADS-box gene of Aspen     

Esakky Ramachandran  Suchit Ashish John  Gerard Abraham  Partha Sarathi Bhattacharya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(4):275-279

The PTM3 (MADS-box) gene characterized from flower of Aspen was ectopically expressed in cotton and was found to result in desirable agronomic traits. Among several transgenic lines, the PTM3 cotton event-10 was found to flower significantly earlier than the control and yield better [Ramachandran et al. (2011)]. We report our findings on performance based on greenhouse evaluation and inheritance of PTM3 cotton event-10. The T₁ progeny of event-10 were grown in pots under RBD design. The progeny were confirmed by kanamycin imbibition test, PCR, and GUS assay which showed the segregation of transgene at about 3:1 ratio. GUS assay was performed with pollen from all transgenic plants; plants that expressed gus in all pollen versus those that showed segregation for expression were found to be at a ratio of 1:2. Similar to observations made in the T₀ generation of event-10, the agronomic evaluation of T₁ progeny exhibited, on an average, earliness of 13 days in flowering, 13.5 days in crop maturity, and 22% of yield enhancement. The T₂ progeny of homozygous lines were grown on field soil in the greenhouse under strip trial design to see the effect as observed from potted plants of T₁ progeny. Inheritance of transgene cassette to T₂ progeny was confirmed by the same tests used to analyze T₁ progeny. As exhibited by T₀ and T₁ progenies, the T₂ progeny also showed earliness of 8 days in flowering, 12 days in crop maturity, and 17% of yield enhancement. The data generated from the progeny over two generations confirms that the PTM3 cotton event-10 is superior in agronomic characters as compared to non-transgenic cotton and is of interest for breeding shorter duration varieties with improved yield.  相似文献   

Increased insulin sensitivity and obesity resistance in mice lacking the protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B gene   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Elchebly M  Payette P  Michaliszyn E  Cromlish W  Collins S  Loy AL  Normandin D  Cheng A  Himms-Hagen J  Chan CC  Ramachandran C  Gresser MJ  Tremblay ML  Kennedy BP 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1999,283(5407):1544-1548

Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP-1B) has been implicated in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. Disruption of the mouse homolog of the gene encoding PTP-1B yielded healthy mice that, in the fed state, had blood glucose concentrations that were slightly lower and concentrations of circulating insulin that were one-half those of their PTP-1B+/+ littermates. The enhanced insulin sensitivity of the PTP-1B-/- mice was also evident in glucose and insulin tolerance tests. The PTP-1B-/- mice showed increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in liver and muscle tissue after insulin injection in comparison to PTP-1B+/+ mice. On a high-fat diet, the PTP-1B-/- and PTP-1B+/- mice were resistant to weight gain and remained insulin sensitive, whereas the PTP-1B+/+ mice rapidly gained weight and became insulin resistant. These results demonstrate that PTP-1B has a major role in modulating both insulin sensitivity and fuel metabolism, thereby establishing it as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity.  相似文献   

A bond-fluctuation mechanism for stochastic switching in wired molecules     

Ramachandran GK  Hopson TJ  Rawlett AM  Nagahara LA  Primak A  Lindsay SM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5624):1413-1416

Stochastic on-off conductivity switching observed in phenylene-ethynylene oligomers has been explained in terms of changes in ring conformations, or electron localization, or both. We report the observation of stochastic on-off switching in the simplest of wired molecules: octanedithiol, decanedithiol, and dodecanedithiol bonded on an Au(111) surface. Stochastic switching was observed even when a top gold contact was pressed on by a conducting atomic force microscope tip at constant force. The rate of switching increased substantially at 60 degrees C, a temperature at which these films are commonly annealed. Because such switching in alkanethiols is unlikely to be caused by internal molecular electronic changes and cannot be fully accounted for by breaking of the top contact, we argue that the cause is the well-known mobility of molecules tethered to gold via a thiol linkage.  相似文献   

A disease of poultry resembling 'Bangkok haemorrhagic disease of chickens'     

C G Sivadas  M K Nair  A Rajan  K M Ramachandran 《The Indian veterinary journal》1965,42(11):816-823

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Impact of thetexas beef partnership in extension program on profitability of beef cow-calf herds     

Wikse SE  McGrann JM  Herd DB  Falconer LL  Holland PS  Abello FJ  Rogers GM  Richardson DC  Yoder DR  Ramachandran S 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(2):210-220

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether beef herds could increase profitability by reducing production cost per 100 lb (hundredweight [CWTI; ie, 45.4 kg) of calf through implementation of advice from teams of veterinarians and county extension agents supported by university specialists. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SAMPLE POPULATION: 6 commercial cow-calf herds comprising 1,927 cows. PROCEDURE: Teams of veterinarians and county extension agents provided advice on 25 profitable ranch management practices to herd owners for 3 years. Use of each practice in herds was measured on a scale of 1 to 5 for baseline year 1999. Similar measurements were made at the end of each year for comparison with baseline values. Outcomes were measured by standardized performance analysis. RESULTS: Mean weaning weight of calves per exposed cow of the 6 herds increased significantly from 1999 (2000, 26.8 kg [59 lb; 17%]; 2001, 49.1 kg [108 lb; 31%]; and 2002, 43.2 kg [95 lb; 27%]). Mean cost per CWT of calf decreased significantly from the 1999 value (2000, -$20.04 [-18%]; 2001, -$33.40 [-29%]; and 2002, -$22.52 [-20%]). Additional profits for the 6 herds were $54,407 in 2000, $135,695 in 2001, and $116,089 in 2002 (3-year total of $306,191). Mean increase in management score of herds was positively correlated with increase in net income and accounted for > 60% of increased profits. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Profitability of beef cow-calf operations can be substantially increased through a team approach by identifying opportunities for improvements in management and helping ranch managers implement profitable practices.  相似文献