Identifying behavioural differences in working donkeys in response to analgesic administration          下载免费PDF全文

J. Hockenhull  J. C. Pritchard  A. E. Waterman‐Pearson  H. R. Whay 《Equine veterinary journal》2016,48(1):33-38

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Has bovine somatotropin (BST) an effect upon drug disposition? Comparative studies in goats and cattle with sulphadimidine and antipyrine after parenteral administration of BST,zeranol and proligestone     

R. F. WITKAMP  S. M. NIJMEIJER  C. T. M. VAN DUIN  M. M. BEVERS  TH. WENSING†  H. VAN GOGH  A.S.J.P.A.M. VAN MIERT 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1989,12(2):163-178

Daily subcutaneous BST injection in lactating cows, bulls and castrated male dwarf goats did not induce significant changes in the pharmacokinetic parameters of antipyrine (AP) and sulphadimidine (SDD). Similarly, no changes were obtained after injection of slow-release BST formulations in lactating cows and non-lactating female goats. In contrast to androgenic hormones, both zeranol and proligestone had no effect upon the disposition of AP and SDD, although both synthetic hormones did induce enhanced plasma somatotropin concentrations. In goats, metabolic effects induced by zeranol and BST included significant reductions in plasma urea values, whereas plasma creatinine levels were somewhat lower after daily BST administration.  相似文献   

Glacial and pluvial periods: their relationship revealed by pleistocene sediments of the red sea and gulf of aden     

Deuser WG  Ross EH  Waterman LS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1976,191(4232):1168-1170

Oxygen isotope analyses of planktonic foraminifera from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden indicate that during periods of maximum continental and polar glaciation in the late Pleistocene, the Red Sea was subject to strong evaporation. Between glacial maximums the salinity of the Red Sea was equal to or below that of the open ocean. This suggests that high-latitude glacial periods corresponded in time to interpluvial stages in the present-day desert belt of northern Africa, whereas high-latitude interglacial periods coincided with pluvial stages.  相似文献   

Comparison of carprofen and pethidine as postoperative analgesics in the cat     

T. V. Balmer    D. Irvine  R. S. Jones  †  M. J. Roberts  †  L. Sungsby  ‡  P. M. Taylor    A. E. Waterman  ‡ C. Waters  § 《The Journal of small animal practice》1998,39(4):158-164

The postoperative analgesia and sedation in cats given carprofen (4·0 mg/kg bodyweight by subcutaneous injection preoperatively) was compared to that in cats given pethidine (3·3 mg/kg bodyweight by intramuscular injection postoperatively) in a controlled, randomised, blinded, multicentre clinical trial. Further dosing with the particular analgesic was allowed if a cat was exhibiting unacceptable pain. In total, 57 carprofen cases and 59 pethidine cases were evaluated. Significantly fewer cats in the carprofen group required additional doses of analgesic, and mean pain scores were significantly lower from four hours after ovariohysterectomy, and at 18 to 24 hours after castration, compared to the pethidine group. In conclusion, carprofen provided as good a level of postoperative analgesia as pethidine, but of a longer duration (at least 24 hours) and was well tolerated. It thus provides an option for 'pre-emptive analgesia' in cats about to undergo surgery.  相似文献   

The renal excretion of pethidine administered postoperatively to male dogs     

W Kalthum  A E Waterman 《The British veterinary journal》1990,146(3):243-248

The urinary excretion of pethidine and its major metabolite, norpethidine, was investigated in four male dogs given pethidine as a postoperative analgesic. The urinary excretion of pethidine in the first 4 h after drug administration was low at 1.9% of the administered dose. The percentage of the drug excreted as norpethidine was also low at 3.7% but there was a great deal of individual variation. Urinary excretion, therefore, appears to be a minor route in the clearance of pethidine in the dog.  相似文献   

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF XYLAZINE ON AIRWAY PRESSURE IN THE SHEERS' LUNG     

A. Nolan  A. Waterman  A. Livingston 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》1985,13(1):122-124

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A new oleanane glycoside from the stem bark of Albizia gummifera     

Rukunga GM  Waterman PG 《Fitoterapia》2001,72(2):140-145

The stem bark of Albizia gummifera has yielded four triterpenes, lupeol, lupenone, vitalboside-A (1) and vitalboside-A 2'-methylglucuronate (2), the last of which appears to be novel.  相似文献   

Polyphenols from Eucalyptus consideniana and Eucalyptus viminalis     

Santos SC  Waterman PG 《Fitoterapia》2001,72(1):95-97

From the leaves of Eucalyptus consideniana and E. viminalis, known hydrolysable tannins, galloyl esters and ellagitannins, were isolated. Flavonol glycosides were also isolated from the leaves of E. consideniana. The spectral data of the dimeric ellagitannin, oenothein B (1), are reported.  相似文献   

Role of sulfur and chloride in the dietary cation-anion balance equation for lactating dairy cattle   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

W B Tucker  J F Hogue  D F Waterman  T S Swenson  Z Xin  R W Hemken  J A Jackson  G D Adams  L J Spicer 《Journal of animal science》1991,69(3):1205-1213

Ten Holstein cows averaging 120 d in lactation were arranged in replicated 5 x 5 Latin squares with 3-wk periods to evaluate the role of sulfur (S) in the dietary cation-anion balance equation. Diets were based on corn silage in Exp. 1 and sorghum silage in Exp. 2. Supplemental S and chloride (Cl) from the double sulfate of potassium and magnesium and CaCl2 were used to manipulate dietary cation-anion balance from 0 to +30 meq when expressed as meq [(Na + K)-(Cl + S)]/100 g diet DM and from +19 to +49 meq when expressed as meq [(Na + K)-Cl]/100 g diet DM. Blood pH was not affected by cation-anion balance, although both S and Cl supplementation tended to lower pH. Blood HCO3- and urine pH decreased and plasma calcium (Ca) and urinary Ca excretion increased as anion was added to the diet. Milk fat production tended to be increased by the low S supplementation. Dietary Cl and S had similar effects on acid-base status. Therefore, we suggest that S be included with Cl in the dietary cation-anion balance equation for lactating dairy cows as follows: meq [(Na + K)-(Cl + S)]/100 g diet DM. Although response of acid-base status to S and Cl was similar, as more data comparing the acidogenicity of S vs Cl become available, it may be necessary to include a modifying coefficient for S in the equation to adjust for differences between S and Cl in acid-generating potential. This coefficient may be further dependent on the dietary source of S.  相似文献   

Analgesic activity and respiratory effects of butorphanol in sheep   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A E Waterman  A Livingston  A Amin 《Research in veterinary science》1991,51(1):19-23

The analgesic drug butorphanol tartrate has proved useful clinically in horses and dogs but its analgesic profile had not yet been investigated in sheep. This study was initiated to determine the thermal and mechanical antinociceptive activity of butorphanol (at the dose rates 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg kg-1) in sheep. The drug produced significant analgesia in the thermal test system, the duration of which was dose related but no significant elevation in mechanical pressure thresholds could be detected. In a further set of experiments the dose rate was increased to 0.4 mg kg-1 and mechanical testing was repeated. There was still no clinically significant elevation in pressure thresholds. At a dose rate of 0.2 mg kg-1 the drug had no detectable effect on respiratory blood gas tensions. Behavioural changes were severe if a dose rate of 0.2 mg kg-1 was exceeded.  相似文献