奶牛布鲁氏菌病的病原分离鉴定及血清学研究     

胡杰  黄夏  陈玉华  赵国明  温丽霞 《中国动物检疫》2003,20(10):21-23

通过细菌分离、动物试验、细菌学与血清抗体之间相互关系、温度与感染动物之间相互关系等分离一例奶牛布鲁氏菌。发现细菌学与血清抗体呈平行关系，试管凝集反应与补体结合反应存在一定差异，感染动物14天出现波浪热，持续到剖杀前(31天)。  相似文献   

Versuche zur Zyklussynchronisation bei Kühen aus Beständen rnit Fertilitätsproblemen und bei Hybriden zwischen Wisent und Rind mit der PRID-Spirale*     

S. Zdu&#x;czyk  A. Domaszewski  Z. Giiejewski  T. Janowski  A. Zebracki 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1989,24(1):1-7

Inhalt: An 81 Versuchs- und 92 Kontrolltieren der Rasse “Potnische Schwarzbunte” aus 3 Problembetrieben wurde ein Versuch zur Sterilitätsprophylaxe rnit der PRID-Spirale durchgeführt. Anhand klinischer Befunde und Milchprogesteronwerten wurde die Untergruppe aus Kühen mit Ovardystrophie (18 Versuchs- und 22 Kontrolltiere) gebildet und extra ausgewertet. Der Behandlungsbeginn lag zwischen 60 und 80 Tage post partum. Die Versuchstiere wurden mit der PRID-Spirale 12 Tage lang behandelt, die Kontrolltiere erhielten Injcktionen rnit Kochsalzlösung und solche rnit Ovardystrophie wurden zusätzlich mit einer Eierstocksmassage behandelt. Die Versuchstiere wurden 56 und 72 Stunden nach Entfernung der Spirale blind besamt. Die Brunstin-duktionsrate betrug insgesamt 90,1%, bei denen rnit Ovardystrophie 77,7%. Die An-wendung der PRID-Spirale führte zur Verbesserung der Fertilitätslage. Die Gesamt-trächtigkeitsrate lag mit 87,6% bei den Versuchskühenüber derjenigen der Kontrollkü-he mit 79,3%. Die Behandlung der Tiere rnit Ovardystrophie erbrachte eine Gesamt-trächtigkeitsrate von 88,8% bei den Versuchs- und 72,7% bei den Kontrolltieren. Die Zwischentragezeit betrug bei den Versuchstieren 101,2 Tage und bei den Kontrolltieren 113,3 Tage (p ≤ 0,05). Bei den azyklischen Tieren lag die Zwischentragezeit bei 104,6 Tage bzw. 134,7 Tage (p ≤ 0,05). In einem anderen Versuch wurde 20 Hybriden zwischen Wisent und Hausrind rwecks Zyklussynchronisation die PRID-Spirale verabreicht. Die Brunstinduktionsrate betrug 66,6%, das Erstbesamungsergebnis nach Doppelbesamung 30%, die Gesamtträchtig-keitsrate nach dem Decken der umrindernden Kreuzungstiere rnit einem Bullen 90%. Die Deckperiode konnte verkürzt werden. Contents: Investigations on the synchronization of estrus cycle in cattle from farms with fertility problems and in cross-breeds between bison and cattle with a PRID-de-vice In 81 experimental and 92 control animals of the “Polish Black and White” breed derived from 3 farms with fertility problems an investigation was carried out for sterility prophylaxis using the PRID-device. Based on clinical findings and milk progesterone values cattle with ovarian dystrophy (18 experimental and 22 control animals) from a special group were used. The begin of treatment was between 60 and 80 days post partum. All experimental animals had received a PRID-device for a duration of 12 days. Control animals were injected with physiological saline solution and animals with ovarian dystrophy were treated additionally with ovarian massage. Experimental animals were inseminated 56 and 72 hrs after removal of the device. All animals taken, estrus was induced in 90.1% of the animals, while only 77.7% of animals with ovarian dystrophy came to estrus. Application of the PRID-device led to an improvement of fertility. Pregnancy rates in experimental animals were 87.6%, while only 79.3% of the control animals were pregnant. Treatment of animals with ovarian dystrophy resulted in 88.8% pregnancies for treated and 72.7% for control animals. Experimental animals were non-pregnant for a duration of 101.2 days, while control animals remained non-pregnant for 113.3 days (p < 0.05). Acyclic cattle had a non-pregnant period of 104.6 days and 134.7 days (p < 0.05) respectively. In a second experiment 20 cross-breeds between bison and domestic cattle were treated with a PRID-device for synchronization of the estrus cycle. The rate of estrus induction was 66.6%, the fertility after double insemination 30%, the total pregnancy rate improved after mating with a bull of animals that had not conceived to 90%.  相似文献   

Anaplasmosis in Uganda. I. Use of dried blood on filter papers and serum samples for serodiagnosis of anaplasmosis—A comparative study     

G. S. Z. Ssenyonga  I. Kakoma  Sonia Montenegro-James  R. Hansen 《Tropical animal health and production》1992,24(1):2-8

Summary The suitability of blood collected on filter papers in comparison with corresponding conventional serum samples in the diagnosis of bovine anaplasmosis was studied using the complement fixation test, DOT-ELISA, Western immunoblot and rapid card agglutination test. Dried blood on Whatman filter paper no. 1 was eluted in PBS 0·05% Tween 20 giving an initial dilution of 1∶10. The reactivity of the eluted samples in both DOT-ELISA and Western immunoblotting were similar to those obtained with the corresponding straight serum sample dilutions. Filter paper samples gave lower reactivity in the remaining tests when compared with corresponding serum samples. There was no significant difference in the reactivity between the eluates from filter papers stored at temperatures ranging between 15·5 and 24°C and those kept refrigerated. Storage at 15·5 to 24°C did not significantly affect reactivity for up to six months. Eluates from filter papers stored for six months at 15·5 to 24°C continued to give similar reactivity as those from freshly prepared filter papers in both DOT-ELISA and Western blot, and in the rapid card agglutination test. It is concluded that collecting blood on filter papers is a suitable technique for large scale seroepidemiological studies on anaplasmosis and offers many advantages in developing countries where transport and cold chain facilities are a major constraint.

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Resumen Se estudió la efectividad de muestras de sangre colectadas en papel filtro, en comparación con las correspondientes muestras convencionales du suero, en el diagnóstico de anaplasmosis bovina, utilizando fijación de complemento, DOT-ELISA, Western, immunoblot y la prueba rápida de la tarjeta. La sangre seca en papel Whatman N^o 1 fue removida con PBS 0·05% entre 20, dando una dilución inicial de 1∶10. La reactividad de las muestras removidas de papel filtro, en la prueba de DOT-ELISA y Western immunoblotting, fueron similares a la obtenida con la correspondiente muestra de suero. Las muestras de papel filtro reaccionaron menos en las otras pruebas, cuando se compararon con las correspondients muestras du suero. No hubo diferencia significativa en la reactividad entre los lavados del papel filtro guardados a temperaturas entre 15·5 y 24°C y aquellos guardados en refrigeración. El almacenaje entre 15·5 y 24°C, no afectó la reactividad hastas seis meses. Los lavados de papel filtro guardados por seis meses entre 15·5 y 24°C, dieron la misma reactividad como los lavados frescos, en la prueba DOT-ELISA y Western blot, lo mismo que en la prueba de aglutinación rápida de tarjeta. Se concluye, qu la colección de sangre en papel filtro, es una buena técnica para estudios epidemiológicos de cierta magnitud, sobre anaplasmosis, ofreciendo ventajas considerables en paises en desarrollo en donde las cadenas de frío son deficientes.

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Résumé La fiabilité du sang récolté sur papier filtre comparée à celle des prélèvements conventionnels de sérum pour le diagnostic de l'anaplasmose a été étudiée à l'aide des tests suivants: fixation du complément, ELISA, immunoblot de Western, test rapide d'agglutination sur carte. Du sang séché sur papier filtre Whatman N^o 1 a fait l'object d'une élution dans une solution de PBS à 0,05 p. 100 (Tween 20) pour donner une dilution de base au dilution de base au 1∶10. Le réactivité des échantillons, autant avec le test ELISA que l'immunoblot Western, a été identique à celle obtenue par dilution directe de sérums homologue. Les échantillons sur papier filtre ont donné une réactivité plus faible pour les autres tests, comparée à celle des échantillons de sérum semblables. Aucune différence significative n'a été décelée quant à leur réactivité les éluats provenant de papiers filtres stockés à des températures comprises entre 15,5 et 24°C at ceux conservés au réfrigérateur. Le stockage entre 15,5 et 24°C n'a pas non plus affecté la réactivité de fa?on significative; les éluats conservés à partir des papiers filtres, à cette même température durant 6 mois, ont montré des réactions identiques que ceux provenant de papiers filtres fra?chement préparés, à la fois avec le test ELISA, celui de Western Blot et le test d'agglutination rapide sur carte. On peut conclure que la collecte du sang sur papier filtre est une technique adaptée à l'étude épidémiologique de l'anaplasmose à grande échelle. Elle offre de nombreux avantages dans les pays en développement où offre de nombreux avantages dans les pays en développement où les moyens de transports et la cha?ne du froid constituent des contraintes majeures.

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核桃芽接接穗高效繁殖试验     

王贵  常月梅  张喜斌  刘英翠 《山西林业科技》2002,(1):1-2,32

以5年生早实核桃辽宁1号为试材，通过研究接穗的采集时间，采集长度，可利用芽率，每根枝条可采接穗数等，得出核桃芽接接穗的高效繁殖技术。5月-6月应在新梢长到30cm-50cm时掐头，5天后，留1个-2个芽剪枝做接穗，在管理好的采穗圃，一年每个枝条可采5根-7根接穗，其中2/3用于夏季芽接，1/3用于秋季闷芽接，这些接穗上的接芽多充实，饱满，一株5年生树一年可采集接穗50根-80根，可利用接芽数为250个-400个。  相似文献   

Effect of Split Nitrogen Application on Growth and Yield of Wheat (T. aestivum L.) Genotypes with Different N-Assimilation Potential     

M. Z. Abdin    K. C. Bansal  Y. P. Abrol 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(2):83-90

A field experiment was conducted with different nitrogen regimes to assess the growth and yield performance of wheat genotypes which differ in nitrate assimilation potential. Genotypic differences in biomass accumulation were observed at different growth stages. The nitrogen treatment had little effect on biomass accumulation at early stages of growth, while at later stages of growth there was enhanced biomass accumulation when N was applied in more than two splits. On an average, genotypes with high nitrate reductase activity (the 'HNR' genotypes) accumulated 14.2 % more biomass than the genotypes with low nitrate reductase activity ('LNR' genotypes) when an extra dose (40 kg N ha⁻¹) of nitrogen was given at the time of anthesis. The application of nitrogen in more than two splits increased grain yield of both 'HNR' and 'LNR' genotypes mainly by increasing grain weight per ear. The application of an extra dose of nitrogen (40 kg N ha⁻¹) at the time of anthesis increased grain yield of 'HNR' genotypes by 38.5 % as compared to 'LNR' genotypes.  相似文献   

Radiation Balance Components of Maize Hybrids Grown at Various Plant Densities     

A. Anda  Z. Løke 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2005,191(3):202-209

Components of the energy and heat balances were examined in two maize hybrids grown at three different plant densities (40, 70 and 100 thousand plants per hectare). One of the hybrids was drought tolerant, while the other was bred for cultivation under irrigated conditions. An increase in plant density influenced not only the size of the leaf area, but also the distribution of the leaves at various plant heights. The extinction coefficient, which provides a quantification of radiation penetration, was higher in the irrigated treatments. By contrast to the other two treatments, the plant canopy in the thinly sown stands remained open throughout the vegetation period, and thus behaved quite differently to the closed stands, making it impossible to compare them. Smaller albedo values were recorded for the hybrid bred for irrigation and in thinly sown stands. The low plant density allowed more energy to reach the soil, from which it was reflected, making a considerable contribution to the final temperature in the stand. The latent heat, in keeping with the quantity of water transpired, was the greatest in the densely sown stands. There was little difference between the latent heat values of the normal and dense stands in either hybrid, indicating that they both had a similar sensitivity to increased stand density. If sufficient water is available it would appear that the stand density could be increased even for the drought-tolerant hybrid.  相似文献   

牛Myostatin基因单核苷酸多态性分析     

史明艳  昝林森  李保兰  刘霞  张自富 《勤云标准版测试》2005,(6)

Myostatin基因即肌肉生长抑制素,是一种肌肉生长的负调控因子。应运PCR-SSCP和测序的方法对中国秦川牛、南阳牛以及国外引入品种皮埃蒙特牛双肌基因的第三外显子进行了多态性分析。结果表明:第三外显子938处G→A的单核苷酸的突变造成了南阳牛、皮埃蒙特牛第三外显子扩增片段多态性,秦川牛则不然。  相似文献   

杉木林杆材阶段能量积累和分配的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

康文星  田大伦  闫文德  方晰 《林业科学》2004,40(5):205-209

目前森林生态系统生产力的研究 ,多以干物质量作为指标 ,这对深入了解生态系统的功能 ,生态效益都有一定的局限性。必须把生物量与能量结合起来 ,因为生物量和能流的研究 ,是人工林生态系统结构和功能的研究中最主要的一环 ,是研究物质生产、物质循环和能量流动的基础。关于森林各组织器官的热值和能量的研究 ,国内外许多学者做过这方面的工作。刘世荣等 (1990 )研究了落叶松 (Larixgmelinii)林群落能量积累、分配、固定和转化的规律 ;陶金川等 (1990 )探讨了银鹊树 (Tapisciasinensis)群落的生物量和能量的现存量 ;张文其等 (1995 )对鹤山…  相似文献   

Use of androgenesis in intersubspecific hybrid rice breeding     

J. Q. Yan    Q. Z. Xue  Y. X. Wang 《Plant Breeding》1996,115(5):301-304

Significant differences of callus induction, green plant regeneration and culture efficiency were observed among restorer lines and their hybrids in rice. Average callus induction percentage of F₁, hybrids was about twice that of their parents. Twenty doubled haploid (DH) lines that showed normal fertility with both indica and japonica CMS lines, were selected as widely compatible restorers (WCRs). TG8 derived from CPSLO17/Minghui 63 not only showed normal fertility to both indica and japonica test varieties and CMS lines, but also exhibited superior agronomic traits, in particular short plant, desired plant type, high tillerability, large panicles, good grain quality and resistance to rice blast disease. Strong heterosis for yield was observed in crosses between indica or japonica CMS lines and TG8. TG8 possessed a dominant, widely compatible gene (WCG) that was inherited from the variety CPSLO17. Results confirmed that the anther culture technique is a quick and effective way of developing widely compatible restorers in rice and that it is applicable to the direct use of intersubspecific heterosis with the three-line method.  相似文献   

中国西门塔尔牛第6号染色体上部分微卫星的特征     

王曦  李红霞  许尚忠  周忠孝 《畜禽业》2005,(5):6-8

利用微卫星技术对牛第6号染色体上9个微卫星位点进行了研究,检测其在中国西门塔尔牛育种核心群中152头母牛的多态性。本试验9个位点中,BM4528为单态,BM4203属于中度多态位点(0.5>PIC>0.25),而其它的7个位点均是高度多态位点(PIC>0.5)。  相似文献