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For nearly half a century textile prostheses have been intensively used in vascular surgery. They have saved millions of human
lives, but they are not yet perfect. Graft failures have been, in part, attributed to the prostheses finishing processes,
generally based on thermal treatments. These treatments permit to reduce fabric porosity and fix the wavy form of prosthetic
tube walls involved by crimping process. Four tubular fabrics have been woven with different polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
yarns spun under different industrial processes: Setila, Dacron, Diolen and Viscosuisse. Three heat setting techniques were
investigated for prostheses crimping: dry heat, vapor heat and autoclaving. Crystallinity index and crystal growth in the
equatorial directions have been calculated from Wide Angle X-ray Scattering scans. The aim was to analyze physical structural
changes of PET fibers after thermal finishing processes applied to textile vascular prostheses and highlight fiber morphological
evolutions related to these treatments. Viscosuisse yarns held the largest crystalline domains built up of numerous crystals
but smaller than Dacron ones. However, the best crystalline configurations for the overall yarns were generally obtained for
dry heat processes. Compromise regions of treatment conditions for prosthetic Dacron tubes were also obtained to optimize
crystal development for the different crimping processes. 相似文献
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Verticillium dahliae cannot be reached by many fungicides during its parasitic phase inside the plants and few fungicides are available to cure plants once they are infected by this pathogen. A hydroxytyrosol-rich (29.27% weight/dry weight) olive mill wastewater (HROMW) and a hydroxytyrosol-rich (52.67% weight/dry weight) extract (HRE) were prepared from fresh olive mill wastewater (FOMW) using hydrolysis and post-hydrolysis purification processes, and were tested as bio-fungicides. The HROMW and HRE showed strong fungicidal activity in vitro against V. dahliae with minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of 28–56 mg L−1 (dry weight). The HROMW and HRE at 15 g L−1 (dry weight) resulted in a reduction in the viability of V. dahliae by >4 log units after 30 min of contact time according to European Standard EN 1275 (1997) standard method. In tomato pot growth experiments incorporation of HROMW and HRE into the soil reduced significantly Verticillium wilt disease incidence by 86 and 83% and wilt severity by 86 and 84.5%, respectively, compared to untreated plants. 相似文献
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Ali Debo Thabèt Yangui Abdelhafidh Dhouib Moheiddine Ksantini Sami Sayadi 《Crop Protection》2011,30(12):1529-1534
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a problematic by-product in Mediterranean countries. Despite this, it is a raw material that is an unfailing source of bioactive molecules. A hydroxytyrosol-rich preparation (HRP) (49.6% weight:dry weight) was extracted from fresh OMW using a hydrolysis and post-hydrolysis purification process. The field efficacy of HRP as a spray treatment (2500 l ha−1) against olive psyllid, Euphyllura olivina (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), was evaluated in 2008 and 2009 in a drip-irrigated olive orchard.The HRP showed strong insecticidal activity against E. olivina at a concentration of 2 g l−1 hydroxytyrosol. Application of HRP resulted in 41.1 and 72.1% control of nymphs and adults, respectively. However, HRP application did not reduce egg hatch. Neither phytotoxicity nor toxicity to auxiliary-fauna was recorded with concentrations of 1.25 g l−1 or 2 g l−1 HRP. But, the 2.5 g l−1 concentration was slightly phytotoxic, especially at the E and F floral phenological stages of the grapes. HRP offers a natural and effective extract for control of olive psyllid and opens a new opportunity for the reuse of OMW. 相似文献
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Olive mill wastewater (OMW) is a rich source of antifungal agents and has a merit as alternative to synthetic fungicides.
To develop disease control agents against Botrytis cinerea, a hydroxytyrosol-rich (29.27% weight:dry weight) olive mill wastewater (HROMW) and a hydroxytyrosol-rich (52.67% weight:dry
weight) extract (HRE) were prepared from fresh OMW using hydrolysis and post-hydrolysis purification processes. The HROMW
and HRE showed strong fungicidal activity against B. cinerea with minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of 14.36–28.72 and 28.72–57.44 mg l−1 (dry weight), respectively. According to EN 1275: 1997 standard method, HROMW and HRE at 1.25% (dry weight:volume) showed
powerful disinfectant properties resulting in a reduction in the viability of B. cinerea spores by >4 log units after 30 min of contact time. The HROMW or HRE foliar spray treatments, of the B. cinerea inoculated tomato plants, resulted in disease control percentage of 95 and 91%, respectively, whereas 70% was conferred by
benomyl treatment. Although, HRE possessed a similar disease severity reduction than HROMW, it showed great advantage by fortifying
plants and by improving their growth and healthy aspect. Indeed, HRE-treated plants showed significantly better: (i) plant
height (146.2 and 130.5%), (ii) average stem diameter (135% and 110%), (iii) leaf number (163.6 and 128.5%), and (iv) leaf
colour (chlorophyll a content) (144.4 and 103%) than benomyl-treated and non-treated plants, respectively. This study revealed
that HRE offers a natural and effective extract to control grey mould. 相似文献
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